Dr. Alexander V. Lapinov Profile

Dr. Alexander V. Lapinov

at Institute of Applied Physics of the RAS

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Publications (2)

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Proceedings Article | 13 December 2020 Poster + Paper

On the benefits of the Eastern Pamirs for sub-mm astronomy

Alexander Lapinov, Svetlana Lapinova, Leonid Yu. Petrov, Daniel Ferrusca

Proceedings Volume 11453, 114532O (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2560250

KEYWORDS: Astronomy, Humidity, Astronomical imaging, Ocean optics, Observatories, Optical components

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Thanks to the first mm studies on the territory of the former USSR in the early 1960s and succeeding sub-mm measurements in the 1970s – early 1980s at wavelengths up to 0.34 mm, a completely unique astroclimate was revealed in the Eastern Pamirs, only slightly inferior to the available conditions on the Chajnantor plateau in Chile and Mauna Kea. Due to its high plateau altitude (4300 – 4500 m) surrounded from all sides by big (~7000 m) air-drying icy mountains and remoteness from oceans this area has the lowest relative humidity in the former USSR and extremely high atmospheric stability. In particular, direct measurements of precipitated water vapor in the winter months showed typical pwv=0.8 – 0.9 mm with sometimes of 0.27 mm. To validate previous studies and to compare them with results for other similar regions we performed opacity calculations at mm – sub-mm wavelengths for different sites in the Eastern Pamirs, Tibet, Indian Himalayas, APEX, ALMA, JCM, LMT and many others. To do this we integrate radiative transfer equations using the output of NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office model GEOS-FPIT for more than 12 years. We confirm previous conclusions about exceptionally good astroclimate in the Eastern Pamirs. Due to its geographical location, small infrastructure and the absence of any interference in radio and optical bands, this makes the Eastern Pamirs the best place in the Eastern Hemisphere for both optical and sub-mm astronomy.

Proceedings Article | 12 December 2006 Paper

Precise spectroscopy of astrophysically important species

Alexander Lapinov

Proceedings Volume 6580, 658001 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.724761

KEYWORDS: Clouds, Spectroscopy, Astronomy, Carbon monoxide, Molecules, Doppler effect, Absorption, Information operations, Molecular spectroscopy, Shape analysis

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Detailed studies of physical and chemical conditions in regions of star formation need multiline observations of different molecular species. A correct retrieval of systematic velocity fields in these objects from such measurements requires accuracy of rest frequencies of about 1 m/s. Because of a very small thermal line broadening at typical kinetic temperatures in dark clouds (Tk ~10 K) the precise knowledge of the hyperfine structure of observed transitions is extremely important for line shape analysis. Unfortunately, the available laboratory uncertainty for a large number of measured transitions is about 30 - 100 kHz. This value is comparable with molecular line widths in dark clouds and very often it is sufficient only for identification of observed species but not for detailed kinematical studies from multiline data. Taking into account our recent laboratory and radio astronomical studies, a large set of molecular spectra were measured with ~10^-9 relative uncertainty, including precise estimates of hf structure. It is shown that whereas laboratory methods are sufficiently good for stable molecules, the use of radio astronomical measurements may be preferable for laboratory unstable species.

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