Dr. Amy C. Sullivan Profile

Dr. Amy C. Sullivan

Technical Content Manager at Thorlabs

SPIE Involvement:

Conference Program Committee | Author

Publications (20)

Proceedings Article | 9 April 2024 Presentation + Paper

Use of molecular design and synthesis to improve polymeric holographic photopolymer materials

Yunfeng Hu, Marvin Alim, Sudheendran Mavila, Maciej Podgórski, Jamie Kowalski, Amy Sullivan, Robert Mcleod, Christopher Bowman

Proceedings Volume 12957, 129570L (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3010876

KEYWORDS: Refractive index, Holography, Diffusion, Matrices, Modulation, Polymers, Photopolymers

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Breakthroughs in holographic optical devices frequently rely on advances in high-refractive-index photopolymer materials (HRIPs). While significant progress has been made in the pursuit of HRIPs, additional considerations have prevented broad application of photopolymerization-based materials for fabricating high-performance holographic gratings. To address the deficiency of suitable high-refractive-index monomers for holographic recording, our recent works were conducted from two main aspects, which are (1) monomer synthesis to improve the theoretical refractive index contrast between photopolymer and matrix (or binder), and (2) formulation manipulation for improving segregation degree between photopolymer and matrix (or binder). We have explored several synthetic approaches to obtain high-refractive-index acrylate monomers (nD=1.6) of high miscibility with matrix, multifunctional low-viscosity, high-refractive-index thiol-ene and thiol-yne monomers (nD=1.6). Combining with polyurethane matrix (binder) with a refractive index of 1.48, these monomers exhibit a high theoretical peak-to-valley index contrast of more than 0.12. To fully utilize the high theoretical index contrast, thiol-ene click chemistry in combination with a linear functionalized polymer binder was explored to achieve a high refractive index modulation(peak-to-mean) close to 0.04. Meanwhile, in the thiol-ene formulations, a variety of chemical modification methods, which can be readily translated into other material systems, were proposed, and studied to manipulate the rates of reaction and diffusion processes during holographic recording to optimize the refractive index modulation. The dramatic difference of achievable refractive index modulation in similar thiol-ene formulations with close theoretical index contrast was observed in such study. The difference underscores the importance of customized strategies and systematic formulation manipulation for achieving high-performance holographic photopolymers.

Proceedings Article | 30 May 2022 Presentation

A method of writing high-intensity holograms over large exposure regions

Andrew Sias, Robert McLeod, Amy Sullivan, Jamie Kowalski

Proceedings Volume PC12151, PC1215109 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2623943

KEYWORDS: Holograms, Holography, Optical design, Holographic materials, Diffraction gratings, Diffraction, Air contamination

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Proceedings Article | 30 May 2022 Presentation

A study of reflection holograms with varying exposure intensities

Andrew Sias, Robert McLeod, Amy Sullivan, Jamie Kowalski

Proceedings Volume PC12151, PC1215108 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2623940

KEYWORDS: Holograms, Photopolymers, Holography, Diffraction, Air contamination

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Proceedings Article | 23 April 2019 Paper

High-efficiency Fresnel lens design and fabrication in a two-stage photopolymer

John Hergert, David Glugla, Amy Sullivan, Marvin Alim, Robert McLeod

Proceedings Volume 11030, 110300P (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2521004

KEYWORDS: Diffraction, Diffractive optical elements, Fresnel lenses, Point spread functions, GRIN lenses, Lenses, Photomasks, Projection systems, Diffraction gratings, Lens design

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Proceedings Article | 23 April 2019 Paper

Two-stage holographic photopolymers with high dynamic range

Marvin Alim, David Glugla, Sudheendran Mavila, Chen Wang, Philip Nystrom, Amy Sullivan, Robert McLeod, Christopher Bowman

Proceedings Volume 11030, 110300D (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2522148

KEYWORDS: Refractive index, Holography, Photopolymers, Holograms, Diffraction, Polymerization, Volume holography, Transparency

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Proceedings Article | 23 April 2019 Paper

Suppression of parasitic gratings with broadband elastomeric light trap

David Miller, Amy Sullivan, Izabella Berman, Robert McLeod

Proceedings Volume 11030, 1103009 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2521006

KEYWORDS: Reflection, Holography, Holograms, Reflectivity, Refractive index, Refraction, Carbon, Stray light

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Proceedings Article | 1 March 2019 Presentation + Paper

High efficiency diffractive optical element design and fabrication in a two-stage photopolymer

John Hergert, David Glugla, Amy Sullivan, Marvin Alim, Robert McLeod

Proceedings Volume 10944, 1094405 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2507503

KEYWORDS: Fresnel lenses, Diffraction, Diffractive optical elements, Optical lithography, Optical design, Gradient-index optics, Refractive index, GRIN lenses, Optics manufacturing

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Proceedings Article | 19 February 2018 Paper

High dynamic range two-stage photopolymer materials through enhanced solubility high refractive index writing monomers

Marvin Alim, Sudheendran Mavila, David Glugla, Chen Wang, Philip Nystrom, Amy Sullivan, Christopher Bowman, Robert McLeod

Proceedings Volume 10558, 105580D (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2290029

KEYWORDS: Refractive index, Holography, Holograms, Polymers, Holographic optical elements, Photopolymers, Volume holography, GRIN lenses

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Proceedings Article | 15 May 2017 Presentation + Paper

Mechanical response of holographic photopolymers

Amy Sullivan, Shankar Lalitha Sridhar, Amy Resman, David Glugla, Marvin Alim, Franck Vernerey, Robert McLeod

Proceedings Volume 10233, 102330O (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2265878

KEYWORDS: Photopolymers, Holography, 3D modeling, Systems modeling, Holography applications, Polymerization, Diffusion, Chemistry, Polymers, Optical properties, Finite element methods, UV optics

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Proceedings Article | 15 May 2017 Presentation + Paper

Holographic analysis of photopolymers

Amy Sullivan, Marvin Alim, David Glugla, Robert McLeod

Proceedings Volume 10233, 102330B (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2265865

KEYWORDS: Holography, Photopolymers, Holograms, Diffraction, Refraction, Holographic materials, Refractive index, UV-Vis spectroscopy, Polyurethane, Modulation, Absorption, Diffusion, Polymers, Beam splitters

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Proceedings Article | 15 May 2017 Presentation + Paper

Analysis of holographic photopolymers for integrated optical systems via quantitative phase microscopy

David Glugla, Marvin Alim, Madeline Chosy, Amy Sullivan, Robert McLeod

Proceedings Volume 10233, 102330I (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2265873

KEYWORDS: Holography, Integrated optics, Photopolymers, Refractive index, Waveguides, Microscopy, Diffusion, Holograms, Optical design, Pulsed laser operation, System integration, Thermography, Gradient-index optics

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Proceedings Article | 15 May 2017 Presentation + Paper

Predictive modeling of two-component holographic photopolymers

Benjamin Kowalski, Amy Sullivan, Marvin Alim, Robert McLeod

Proceedings Volume 10233, 102330N (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2265925

KEYWORDS: Holography, Photopolymers, Chemistry, Refractive index, Chemical analysis, Polymers, Holographic materials, Photopolymerization, Photopolymer media, Diffusion, Polymerization, Diffraction, Photorefractive polymers, Modulation

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Proceedings Article | 3 September 2008 Paper

Exceeding the diffraction limit with single-photon photopolymerization and photo-induced termination

Benjamin Kowalski, Timothy Scott, Christopher Bowman, Amy Sullivan, Robert McLeod

Proceedings Volume 7053, 70530E (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.796978

KEYWORDS: Polymerization, Polymers, Diffraction, Absorption, Ultraviolet radiation, Lithography, Photopolymerization, Physics, Two photon polymerization, Superposition

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Proceedings Article | 26 August 2008 Paper

Three-dimensional waveguide arrays via projection lithography into a moving photopolymer

Eric Moore, Amy Sullivan, Robert McLeod

Proceedings Volume 7053, 705309 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.796970

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Polymers, Gradient-index optics, Projection lithography, Image processing, Glasses, Holography, Polymer multimode waveguides, Absorption, Microscopes

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Proceedings Article | 28 February 2008 Paper

Taper control of radially symmetric gradient-index waveguides in photopolymer

Robert McLeod, Amy Sullivan

Proceedings Volume 6896, 68960C (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.761056

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Absorption, Polymers, Polymer multimode waveguides, Control systems, Gradient-index optics, Integrated optics, Tomography, Semiconductor lasers, Planar waveguides

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Proceedings Article | 17 October 2007 Paper

3D waveguides with fiber couplers and 90 degree bends in holographic photopolymer

Robert McLeod, Matthew Kirchner, Keith Kamysiak, Amy Sullivan, Michael Cole

Proceedings Volume 6657, 66570F (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.740796

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Polymers, Mirrors, Holography, Fiber couplers, Optical fibers, Integrated optics, Lithography, Etching, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 11 July 2007 Paper

Localized recording approaches and phase metrology for holographic storage

Robert McLeod, Matthew Grabowski, Mark Ayres, Amy Sullivan

Proceedings Volume 6620, 66200C (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.738585

KEYWORDS: Metrology, 3D metrology, Holography, Wavefront aberrations, Holograms, Polymers, Modulation, Diffraction, Data storage, Phase contrast

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Proceedings Article | 13 September 2006 Paper

Phase and absorption metrology for thick photopolymer devices

Amy Sullivan, Mark Ayres, Robert McLeod

Proceedings Volume 6335, 633502 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.683894

KEYWORDS: Microscopes, Diffraction, Fourier transforms, Holography, Microscopy, Metrology, Sensors, Spatial frequencies, Absorption, 3D metrology

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Proceedings Article | 13 September 2006 Paper

Impact of initiation species on index distribution in diffusion photopolymers

Amy Sullivan, Matthew Grabowski, Robert McLeod

Proceedings Volume 6335, 63350F (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.679853

KEYWORDS: Photopolymers, Polymers, Polymerization, Diffusion, Gaussian beams, Holography, Digital image correlation, Fourier transforms, Data storage, Spatial frequencies

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