A numerical model is proposed for the influence of a volcanic eruption accompanied by an intense vertical flow of an ash-gas mixture on the disturbance of the geomagnetic field. As the main mechanism of the magnetic effect, the impact on the epicentral region of the Earth's ionosphere of wave atmospheric disturbances caused by volcanic activity is considered. The estimates made on the basis of the proposed model on the example of the eruption of the Raikoke volcano on June 21, 2019 (Kuriles) are consistent with the results of instrumental observations.
The geophysical effects of a fire in Moscow on December 09, 2022, which, along with open combustion, was accompanied by an explosion of containers with combustible materials, are analyzed. The results of instrumental observations have shown that during the maximum combustion period, not only acoustic signals, but also variations in the electric field intensity are clearly recorded at a distance of ~ 25 km. At the same distances, the fire caused changes in the wind rose. During the maximum development of the fire, geomagnetic disturbances were recorded at a distance of ~ 90 km from the fire source, which is explained by the effect of internal gravitational waves on the ionosphere, resulting from the formation of a powerful vertical flow of heated material.
Atmospheric effects caused by catastrophic earthquakes in Turkey on February 6, 2023 are analyzed. We used the data of instrumental observations of microbaric variations in the atmosphere and electric field variations performed at the IDG RAS, as well as data obtained by a number of magnetic observatories of the INTERNAGNET network and ionospheric sounding stations of the Athens National Observatory. It is shown that the earthquakes were accompanied by infrasound signals, variations of the magnetic and electric fields at considerable distances from the source, as well as changes in the critical frequency of the ionosphere F2-layer.
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