Dr. Andrzej Kazmierczak Profile

Dr. Andrzej Kazmierczak

Assistant Professor at Warsaw Univ of Technology

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Publications (13)

Proceedings Article | 30 May 2022 Presentation

Development of ASPICs for applications in sensing systems

Stanislaw Stopinski, Anna Jusza, Krzysztof Anders, Andrzej Kazmierczak, Slawomir Szostak, Mateusz Slowikowski, Ryszard Piramidowicz

Proceedings Volume PC12139, PC1213906 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2624529

KEYWORDS: Sensing systems, Gyroscopes, Signal detection, Light sources, Integrated optics, Fiber optics, Fiber Bragg gratings, Sensors, Photonic integrated circuits, Waveguides

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Recent advances in integration technologies enable constructing novel, highly complex and miniaturized photonic systems for a large variety of applications. A constantly increasing interest can be observed in implementing application specific photonic integrated circuits (ASPICs) in a new generation of optical sensing systems. The InP platform allows to realize complete interrogators of sensing systems, comprising the light sources and photodetectors. An InP PIC can also be used as a sensing element itself. In this work we discuss the sensing systems addressing two different application fields, which can benefit from the recent developments of InP platforms - optical gyroscopes and interrogators of fiber Bragg gratings. The principle of work of optical gyroscope is based on the Sagnac effect. Two typical configurations can be identified – interferometric fiber-optic gyroscope (IFOG) and ring laser gyroscope (RLG). An integrated interrogator unit of an IFOG system presented here was realized using a DBR laser, passive couplers and PIN photodiodes. Characterization results have proven the possibility of detection of the Sagnac signal for the length of the fiber loop of 1 km. We also discuss monolithic single-frequency lasers, which were realized in the framework of the development of an integrated optical gyro. Also, the integrated interrogators of fiber Bragg gratings are presented and discussed. The investigated solutions are based on the interrogation scheme in which a broadband signal is coupled to a network of FBGs, and the reflected signals are analyzed using a spectrometer based on an arrayed waveguide grating. Several realized circuits are discussed with respect to their design, characterization results and potential for application in sensing systems. Studies were funded by FOTECH-1 project granted by Warsaw University of Technology under the program Excellence Initiative: Research University (ID-UB). This work was partially supported by National Centre for Research and Development (PBS3/B9/41/2015).

Proceedings Article | 17 May 2022 Presentation + Paper

Towards the most convenient configuration of integrated photonic sensor for implementation in SiO2:TiO2 sol-gel derived waveguide film technology

Andrzej Kazmierczak, Muhammad Ali Butt, Magdalena Zięba, Cuma Tyszkiewicz, Paweł Karasiński, Ryszard Piramidowicz

Proceedings Volume 12139, 1213908 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2622209

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Sensors, Refractive index, Integrated optics, Resonators, Integrated photonics, Photonic integrated circuits, Cladding, Sol-gels, Light wave propagation

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Proceedings Article | 2 April 2020 Presentation + Paper

Development of integrated photonics based on SiO2:TiO2 sol-gel derived waveguide layers: state of the art, perspectives, prospective applications

Andrzej Kaźmierczak, Paweł Karasiński, Cuma Tyszkiewicz, Ryszard Piramidowicz

Proceedings Volume 11364, 1136414 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2559059

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Refractive index, Integrated photonics, Sol-gels, Directional couplers, Sensors, Integrated optics, Glasses, Signal attenuation

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Proceedings Article | 23 May 2018 Presentation

Noninvasive optoelectronic system for monitoring of the heart and respiratory rate of the patient exposed to MRI scanning (Conference Presentation)

Stanisław Stopiński, Anna Jusza, Krzysztof Anders, Andrzej Kaźmierczak, Konrad Markowski, Tomasz Osuch, Mariusz Krej, Lukasz Dziuda, Paweł Szczepański, Ryszard Piramidowicz

Proceedings Volume 10680, 106800T (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2307594

KEYWORDS: Magnetic resonance imaging, Optoelectronics, Heart, Fiber Bragg gratings, Magnetism, Sensors, Photonic integrated circuits, Diagnostics, Medicine, Optical sensing

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The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique is a powerful diagnostic tool which is nowadays commonly used in many fields of medicine. In some cases, especially of the patients of intensive care units, it is highly recommended or even necessary to provide continuous monitoring of basic physiologic parameters, mainly the heart rate and the respiratory rate, during the MRI scan procedure. The presence of a strong magnetic field within the MRI chamber requires application of non-standard devices and solutions. The monitoring system needs to be immune to the strong magnetic field and simultaneously cannot negatively influence on the results of the scan. Therefore, application of optical sensing technologies could be potentially advantageous to fulfil these requirements. In this work we propose a novel optoelectronic measurement system, dedicated to monitoring of the patient during an MRI scan, immune to strong magnetic field and compatible with the MRI apparatus. Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are used as the sensing elements – the strain induced by the patient’s respiration and cardiac activity cause a change of the Bragg wavelength. These changes can be accurately measured and monitored in the time domain. The respiratory and heart rate can be extracted by further processing of the measured signal by dedicated software. The gratings are organized in a network to maximize the effective sensing area. Each of the FBGs has a different Bragg wavelength so that they can be connected in series. The information from the sensors is read out using an interrogator based on an application specific photonic integrated circuit (ASPIC), designed and fabricated in an InP-based generic integration technology. The interrogator comprises a 36-channel arrayed waveguide grating wavelength demultiplexer, which outputs are connected to PIN photodiodes. Such a photonic circuit acts as a spectrometer and allows to reconstruct the reflection spectrum of many gratings simultaneously. An external superluminescent LED is used as the light source, however in the target configuration the source could be monolithically integrated with the interrogator. The Bragg gratings, the interrogator and the SLED are connected with each other using an optical circulator. Initial tests of the monitoring system have been performed using a single fiber Bragg grating as the strain sensor and a commercially available optoelectronic interrogator. The fiber with an inscribed FBG was mounted using an epoxy glue on a PMMA board and deployed under the patient. Two signals can be distinguished out of the measured waves. The first one, with strong and slowly-varying peaks, reflects the respiration of the patient. The second signal, characterized by low-intensity and fast-varying peaks is a result of the cardiac activity. No influence of the magnetic field of the MRI instrument on the sensing system has been observed. The first results have confirmed both the correctness of the approach and the applicability of the system to monitoring the patient’s physical condition during MRI diagnosis. This work was supported by the National Centre for Research and Development, project OPTO-SPARE, grant agreement PBS3/B9/41/2015.

Proceedings Article | 9 May 2018 Paper

Development of InP-based multichannel transmitters for application in WDM access systems

Aleksandra Paśnikowska, Krzysztof Anders, Andrzej Kaźmierczak, Ryszard Piramidowicz, Marcin Tomkiewicz, Stanisław Stopiński

Proceedings Volume 10682, 1068228 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2307641

KEYWORDS: Transmitters, Modulators, Photonic integrated circuits, Wavelength division multiplexing, WDM-PON, Bragg gratings, Transceivers, Waveguides, Packaging, Laser applications

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Proceedings Article | 9 May 2018 Paper

Integrated interrogator circuits for fiber optic sensor network in generic InP photonic integrated circuit technology

Andrzej Kaźmierczak, Anna Jusza, Mateusz Słowikowski, Stanisław Stopiński, Ryszard Piramidowicz

Proceedings Volume 10680, 106800M (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2306701

KEYWORDS: Polarization, Photonic integrated circuits, Fiber Bragg gratings, Photodiodes, Waveguides, Spectroscopy, Tunable lasers, Sensor networks, Sensors, Integrated circuit design

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Proceedings Article | 10 February 2017 Paper

Monolithically integrated multichannel transmitters for application in WDM-PON systems

Aleksandra Golba, Stanisław Stopiński, Anna Jusza, Krzysztof Anders, Andrzej Kaźmierczak, Ryszard Piramidowicz, Marcin Tomkiewicz, Luc Augustin

Proceedings Volume 10325, 103250Y (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2271090

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Proceedings Article | 10 February 2017 Paper

Sensing applications of photonic integrated circuits: ultra-compact optical transducers and interrogators

Andrzej Kaźmierczak, Stanisław Stopiński, Anna Jusza, Krzysztof Anders, Ryszard Piramidowicz

Proceedings Volume 10325, 103250A (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2271041

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Proceedings Article | 11 September 2015 Paper

Development of implantable optoelectronic module for optical brain tissue stimulation in freely moving mice

Konstantin Rusakov, Rafał Czajkowski, Andrzej Kaźmierczak

Proceedings Volume 9662, 96621Q (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2205825

KEYWORDS: Light emitting diodes, Brain, Optoelectronics, Phase only filters, Optical fibers, Tissue optics, Optogenetics, Glasses, Light sources, Optoelectronic devices

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2010 Paper

High performance multichannel photonic biochip sensors for future point of care diagnostics: an overview on two EU-sponsored projects

Laurent Vivien, Fabian Dortu, Andrzej Kazmierczak, Hans Sohlström, Domenico Giannone

Proceedings Volume 7715, 77150U (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.854197

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Integrated optics, Waveguides, Refractive index, Silicon, Optical alignment, Resonators, Proteins, Biosensors, Polymers

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 October 2009

Synthesis of highly integrated optical network based on microdisk-resonator add-drop filters in silicon-on-insulator technology

Andrzej Kazmierczak, Fabian Dortu, Domenico Giannone, Wim Bogaerts, Emmanuel Drouard, Pedro Rojo-Romeo, Frederic Gaffiot

OE, Vol. 48, Issue 10, 104601, (October 2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.3242841

KEYWORDS: Optical filters, Optical networks, Resonators, Integrated optics, Waveguides, Silicon, Electronic filtering, Optical engineering, Photonics, Microrings

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 January 2009

Light coupling and distribution for Si3N4/SiO2 integrated multichannel single-mode sensing system

Andrzej Kazmierczak, Fabian Dortu, Olivier Schrevens, Domenico Giannone, Laurent Vivien, Delphine Marris-Morini, David Bouville, Eric Cassan, Kristin Gylfason, Hans Sohlström, Benito Sanchez, Amadeu Griol, Daniel Hill

OE, Vol. 48, Issue 01, 014401, (January 2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.3067875

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Brain-machine interfaces, Waveguides, Silicon, Tolerancing, Photonics, Signal attenuation, Resonators, Integrated optics, Optical alignment

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Proceedings Article | 1 May 2008 Paper

Analysis of silicon on insulator (SOI) optical microring add-drop filter based on waveguide intersections

Emmanuel Drouard, Wim Bogaerts, Dries Van Thourhout, Pedro Rojo-Romeo, Frederic Gaffiot, Domenico Giannone, Andrzej Kaźmierczak

Proceedings Volume 6996, 69960D (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.780299

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Resonators, Optical filters, Microrings, Silicon, Electronic filtering, Integrated optics, Optical networks, Photonics, Scanning electron microscopy

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Showing 5 of 13 publications

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