We have developed a numerical model describing the optical and thermal behavior of optical tissue phantoms upon laser irradiation. According to our previous studies, the phantoms can be used as substitute of real skin from the optical, as well as thermal point of view. However, the thermal parameters are not entirely similar to those of real tissues thus there is a need to develop mathematical model, describing the thermal and optical response of such materials. This will facilitate the correction factors, which would be invaluable in translation between measurements on skin phantom to real tissues, and gave a good representation of a real case application.
Here, we present the model dependent on the data of our optical phantoms fabricated and measured in our previous preliminary study. The ambiguity between the modeling and the thermal measurements depend on lack of accurate knowledge of material's thermal properties and some exact parameters of the laser beam. Those parameters were varied in the simulation, to provide an overview of possible parameters' ranges and the magnitude of thermal response.
A wide range of dermatological diseases can be efficiently treated using laser heating. Nevertheless, before the new laser
is introduced into clinical practice, its parameters and ability to interact with human skin have to be carefully examined.
In order to do that optical skin phantoms can be used. Such phantoms closely imitate the scattering and absorption
properties of real human skin tissue along with its thermal properties, such as capacitance and conductivity specific heat.
We have fabricated a range of optical tissue phantoms based on polyvinylchloride-plastisol PVC-P with varying optical
properties, including the absorption, scattering and density of the matrix material. We have utilized a pre-clinical
dermatological laser system with a 975 nm diode laser module. A range of laser settings were tested, such as laser pulse
duration, laser power and number of pulses. We have studied laser irradiation efficiency on fabricated optical tissue
phantoms. Measurements of the temporal and spatial temperature distribution on the phantoms' surface were performed
using thermographic imaging. The comparison of results between tissues' and phantoms' optical and thermal response
prove that they can be used for approximate evaluation of laser heating efficiency. This study presents a viable approach
for calibration of dermatological lasers which can be utilized in practice.
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