This article presents a physics-based structural health monitoring (SHM) approach applied to a pretensioned adjacent concrete box beams bridge to predict the deformations associated with the presence of transient loads. A detailed finite element model was generated using a commercial software to create an accurate model of the bridge. The presence of concentrated loads on the deck at different locations was simulated, and a static analysis was performed to quantify the deformations induced by the loads. Such deformations were then compared to the strains recorded by an array of wireless strain gages during a controlled truckload test performed by an independent third-party. The test consisted of twenty low-speed crossings at controlled distances from the bridge parapets using a truck with a certified load. The array was part of a SHM system that consisted of 30 wireless strain gages.
Considering the fact that the United States has more than 600,000 highway bridges, 46.4% of which are rated fair and 7.6% are rated poor, the installation of reliable bridge health monitoring systems is strategically essential in this country to reduce repair and rehabilitation costs as well as to prevent failures. This review paper presents a synthesis of the scientific literature on the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems installed in some US bridges over the last 20 years. The goal of this paper is to provide a view of the recent and current state-of-the-art in bridge health monitoring systems, as well as to conclude a "general paradigm" that is shared by many real-world structures. The review, which was carried out through a thorough search of peer-reviewed documents available in the scientific literature, discusses a bunch of monitored bridges in the US in terms of the utilized instrumentation, monitoring scope, and the significant outcomes. Finally, a brief overview of a bridge health monitoring program in the state of Pennsylvania will be discussed.
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