We looked into three distinct topologies, using a one-dimensional photonic crystal with a defect layer in two symmetrical and one asymmetrical configurations as an optical biosensor application for detection in tuberculosis (TB). In order to investigate the optical transmission characteristics of such structures, we used a well-known transfer matrix approach. A shift in resonant peak is estimated, when blood of healthy or TB infected human is infiltrated in defect layer. The impact of several parameters, including the thickness of the defect layer, the number of unit cells, and the angle of incidence for all three configurations, has been studied. The sensitivity, quality factor, figure of merit, and detection limit for all structures have been studied and it is found that asymmetric structure is the best suitable structure for optical sensor application in the present case.
The interference method is used to achieve all-optical logic gate operations. This has been realized with a single design of photonic crystal ring resonator at different wavelengths rather than designing separate for all the logic gates. Such a single design can be used to perform all optical operations as AND, OR, and XOR logic gates at different wavelengths. Further operating wavelength, contrast ratio (CR), response time (RT), and bit rate have been analyzed for all three logic gates. The highest CR is obtained as about 22.06 dB with fast RT about 0.14 ps and high bit rate of 7.14 Tb / s for proposed XOR logic gate in comparison to all the other logic gates with single-design structure, which may lead us to construct on-chip logic circuits.
We study the two-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) square lattice structure to design a channel drop filter. The channel drop filter (CDF) is designed using a PC ring resonator structure because of its better response. The variation in the shape of scatterer rods causes the shift in resonant wavelength and also shows an improvement in quality factor as well as dropping efficiency. The dropping efficiency is improved from 92.7% to 99.5% for a particular wavelength at 1531 nm, which is especially used in telecommunication. The designed CDF structure is useful for coarse wavelength division multiplexer. The size of the device is very small, so these devices can play an important role in optical communication networks and photonic integrated circuits.
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