Mr. Biddut Bhattacharjee Profile

Biddut Bhattacharjee

at Univ of British Columbia Okanagan

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Proceedings Article | 12 May 2009 Paper

Size dependent droplet actuation in digital microfluidic systems

Biddut Bhattacharjee, Homayoun Najjaran

Proceedings Volume 7318, 73180H (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.818031

KEYWORDS: Electrodes, Dielectrics, Microfluidics, Capacitors, Liquids, Motion models, Capacitance, Systems modeling, Chemical analysis, Biological research

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Digital microfluidic systems (DMFS) manipulate liquid droplets with volumes in submicroliter range in two dimensional arrays of cells. Among possible droplet actuation mechanisms, Electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) actuation has been found to be most feasible and advantageous because of low power consumption, ease of signal generation and basic device fabrication. In EWOD based DMFS, droplets are actuated by applying an electric field and thus increasing the wettability on one side of the droplet. In this paper, we show that the EWOD actuation of a droplet can be modeled as a closed loop system having unity feedback of position. Electrode, dielectric and droplet are modeled as a capacitor with variable area as the droplet, considered as a conductor, moves over the dielectric layer. The EWOD force depends on the rate of change of droplet area over the actuated electrode, which in turn depends on the direction of motion and the position of the droplet between the actuated and previous electrode. Thus, EWOD actuation intrinsically utilizes the droplet position to generate sufficient force to accelerate the droplet. When the droplet approaches the final position, the magnitude of force reduces automatically so the droplet decelerates. In case the droplet has sufficient momentum to exceed the final position, the EWOD force, according to the model, will act on the opposite side of the droplet in order to bring it back to the desired position. The dynamic response has been characterized using the proposed model for different droplet sizes, actuation voltages, dielectric thicknesses and electrode sizes.

Proceedings Article | 12 May 2009 Paper

Detailed droplet routing and complexity characterization on a digital microfluidic biochip

Rachael L'Orsa, Biddut Bhattacharjee, Mina Hoorfar, Jonathan Holzman, Homayoun Najjaran

Proceedings Volume 7318, 73181I (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.819356

KEYWORDS: Microfluidics, Electrodes, Detection and tracking algorithms, Computer simulations, Very large scale integration, Visualization, Silicon, Sensing systems, Medical research, Inspection

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Digital microfluidic systems (DMFS) are poised to provide fully automated, high-throughput, dynamically reconfigurable sensing devices superior to those available today. Efficient droplet routing algorithms for these systems have not yet been established, though several solutions have been proposed. Such algorithms are ultimately required to generate droplet movement schedules and must be robust enough to handle the inevitable increases in problem complexity that will come as this technology matures. We have proposed a new solution based on a classic VLSI lineprobe algorithm to meet these demands for the detailed routing of droplets within a multi-stage algorithm. The most significant addition includes a sub-algorithm that calculates the routing complexity for any DMFS configuration based on the size, shape, number, type, and distribution of rectilinear obstacles throughout a DMFS biochip surface. By determining the complexity of the routing of each droplet, routing schedules may be prioritized, minimizing the number of fluidic and time constraint violations that affect high priority droplet routes. The complexity characterizations generated by our algorithm may also be used to create consistent, standardized benchmarks for the evaluation of existing droplet routing solutions. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm has been verified using the simulation presented in this paper.

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