Prof. Bo Liu Profile

Prof. Bo Liu

at Nankai Univ

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Publications (42)

SPIE Journal Paper | 30 January 2024

Performance of a superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors-based bi-directional communication system at ultra-low received optical power

Yifan Wang, Meng Guo, Xishan Jia, Yuan Yao, Hao Zhang, Bo Liu, Shaoxiang Duan, Haifeng Liu, Wei Lin

OE, Vol. 63, Issue 01, 018104, (January 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.63.1.018104

KEYWORDS: Signal detection, Telecommunications, Pulse signals, Optical communications, Nanowires, Superconductors, Signal attenuation, Fiber optic communications, Video, Modulation

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SPIE Journal Paper | 7 July 2022

In-line microfluidic sensor based on dual S-taper fiber interferometer for measurement of glucose concentration

Miaoling Yang, Yuan Yao, Hao Zhang, Xiangqian Hu, Wei Lin, Bo Liu, Haifeng Liu

OE, Vol. 61, Issue 07, 077101, (July 2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.61.7.077101

KEYWORDS: Glucose, Sensors, Microfluidics, Interferometers, Environmental sensing, Single mode fibers, Optical engineering, Cladding, Fiber optics sensors, Capillaries

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SPIE Journal Paper | 26 May 2021

Design of a magnetically tuned terahertz orbital angular momentum mode in air-clad microstructured optical fibers integrated with liquid crystals

Ying Liang, Hao Zhang, Wei Lin, Shanshan Li, Yuehui Wang, Bo Liu

OE, Vol. 60, Issue 05, 056107, (May 2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.60.5.056107

KEYWORDS: Terahertz radiation, Liquid crystals, Refractive index, Magnetism, Optical microcavities, Structured optical fibers, Optical engineering, Microresonators, Telecommunications, Modulation

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SPIE Journal Paper | 17 September 2020

Strain and temperature sensor based on S-taper embedded in long-period grating

Meiqi Li, Ye Cao, Hao Zhang, Wenwen Wu, Bo Liu, Ting Liu, Shaoxiang Duan, Yange Liu

OE, Vol. 59, Issue 09, 097105, (September 2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.59.9.097105

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Temperature metrology, Temperature sensors, Cladding, Optical fibers, Fiber optics sensors, Single mode fibers, Optical engineering, Environmental sensing, Interferometers

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SPIE Journal Paper | 6 February 2020

Laser-tuned whispering gallery modes in microbottle silica resonators based on azobenzene-doped polyvinyl alcohol film

Congzhou Liang, Hao Zhang, Bo Liu, Haifeng Liu, Jixuan Wu

OE, Vol. 59, Issue 02, 027103, (February 2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.59.2.027103

KEYWORDS: Microresonators, Coating, Resonators, Laser resonators, Wavelength tuning, Silica, Laser applications, Optical engineering, Molecules, Optical pumping

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SPIE Journal Paper | 9 July 2019

Intensity-interrogated magnetic field sensor with resolved temperature cross sensitivity based on down-fusion taper and S-taper integrated with magnetic fluids

Wenwen Wu, Ye Cao, Hao Zhang, Bo Liu, Xu Zhang, Shaoxiang Duan, Ting Liu, Yange Liu

OE, Vol. 58, Issue 07, 077102, (July 2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.58.7.077102

KEYWORDS: Magnetism, Magnetic sensors, Sensors, Cladding, Fiber optics sensors, Temperature metrology, Structured optical fibers, Fiber optics, Interferometry, Optical engineering

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 February 2017

All-fiber electric field sensor based on whispering-gallery-mode resonances in U-bent single-mode fibers integrated with liquid crystal

Ningning Gu, Hao Zhang, Bo Liu, Wei Lin, Binbin Song, Jixuan Wu

OE, Vol. 56, Issue 02, 026102, (February 2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.56.2.026102

KEYWORDS: Polarization, Liquid crystals, Electric field sensors, Single mode fibers, Optical fibers, Sensors, Fiber optics sensors, Optical engineering, Scattering, Fiber optics

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Proceedings Article | 28 September 2015 Paper

Magnetic field sensor based on fiber taper coupler coated with magnetic fluid

Wei Lin, Hao Zhang, Binbin Song, Bo Liu, Yandong Lin, Haifeng Liu, Yinping Miao, Yange Liu

Proceedings Volume 9634, 96347U (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2191929

KEYWORDS: Magnetism, Magnetic sensors, Fiber couplers, Sensors, Fiber coatings, Fiber optics sensors, Head, Refractive index, Structured optical fibers, Electronic components

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Proceedings Article | 28 September 2015 Paper

Ultrahigh sensitive twist sensor employing Sagnac interferometer based on PM-elliptical core fibers

Binbin Song, Bo Liu, Wei Lin, Yinping Miao, Hao Zhang, Jixuan Wu, Haifeng Liu, Donglin Yan

Proceedings Volume 9634, 963453 (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2190828

KEYWORDS: Optical fibers, Birefringence, Sensors, Sagnac interferometers, Photoelasticity, Single mode fibers, Electronic components, Electronics engineering, Fiber optics sensors

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Proceedings Article | 28 September 2015 Paper

Magnetic-field sensor based on tapered all-solid waveguide-array fiber and magnetic fluids

Yinping Miao, Jia Mao, Jixuan Wu, Wei Lin, Binbin Song, Kailiang Zhang, Hao Zhang, Bo Liu

Proceedings Volume 9634, 96346W (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2194549

KEYWORDS: Magnetism, Magnetic sensors, Refractive index, Waveguides, Fiber optics sensors, Sensors, Fiber optics, Single mode fibers, Optical fibers, Nanoparticles

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SPIE Journal Paper | 21 July 2015

Acousto-optic fiber interferometer based on concatenated flexural wave modulation

Shouxin Kang, Hao Zhang, Bo Liu, Ning Zhang, Yinping Miao

OE, Vol. 54, Issue 07, 076106, (July 2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.54.7.076106

KEYWORDS: Acoustics, Acousto-optics, Interferometers, Cladding, Modulation, Interferometry, Optical fibers, Refractive index, Optical engineering, Light wave propagation

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An acousto-optic fiber interferometer has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated by employing two MgF2 sandwiches to implement concatenated flexural acoustic wave modulation onto single-mode optical fibers. The transmission spectrum of the acoustic grating pair has been experimentally investigated. Experimental results indicate that interferometric spectral fringes possess a frequency sensitivity as large as −499.0 nm/MHz due to the Mach–Zehnder interference. Moreover, the applied radio frequency signal voltage for flexural wave generation has a great impact on the transmission spectral properties. The work presented would be of importance for the understanding of the acousto-optic interaction mechanism in concatenated acoustic fiber gratings and is helpful for the design of related acousto-optic fiber devices.

Proceedings Article | 13 May 2015

Terahertz isolator in asymmetry magneto-metasurface

Sai Chen, Fei Fan, Pengfei Wu, Bo Liu, Shengjiang Chang

Proceedings Volume 9483, 948302 (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2176787

KEYWORDS: Terahertz radiation, Optical isolators, Magnetism, Plasmonics, Molybdenum, Waveguides, Silicon, Polarization, Silica, Numerical simulations

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In this paper, we have reviewed our research on terahertz (THz) isolators and nonreciprocal transmission devices. In addition, we present a new kind of THz isolator based on asymmetry magneto-metasurface. A structured InSb layer coats on the silica substrate in which the numerical simulation shows that this metasurface has isolation over 60dB at 0.646 THz and a 10dB operating bandwidth of 13 GHz under an external magnetic field of 0.3T with an insertion loss less than 2.5dB. This kind of low-loss, high isolation, easy coupling THz magneto-metasurface isolator has broadly potentials for THz application systems. Importantly, we discuss and conclude the necessary conditions of forming THz nonreciprocal transmission in the magneto-material devices, which is strongly related with magneto-material and asymmetric transmission system.

Proceedings Article | 2 June 2014

Magnetic field tunability of square tapered no-core fibers

Yinping Miao, Jixuan Wu, Wei Lin, Kailiang Zhang, Binbin Song, Hao Zhang, Bo Liu

Proceedings Volume 9157, 91577Z (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2059275

KEYWORDS: Magnetism, Optical fibers, Refractive index, Single mode fibers, Photonic devices, Fusion splicing, Electronic components, Electronics engineering, Silica, Waveguides

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A magnetic-field-tuned photonics device based on magnetic fluid (MF) and a square tapered no-core fiber (NCF) sandwiched between two single-mode fibers (SMFs) has been proposed. The enhanced evanescent field effect in the NCF is achieved by tapering the square NCF utilizing a fusion splicer. The spectral dependence of the proposed device on the applied magnetic-field intensity has been investigated. The results indicate that a maximal sensitivity of -18.7pm/Oe is obtained for a magnetic field strength ranging from 25Oe to 450Oe. The proposed tunable device has several advantages, including low cost, ease of fabrication, compact structure, and high sensitivity.

SPIE Journal Paper | 20 March 2013

Acoustic birefringence suppression in a fiber acoustic grating employing solid-core photonic crystal fiber with hexagonal air-hole array cladding

Minghui Qiu, Hao Zhang, Bo Liu, Hongguang Dong, Chunxue Yang, Yinping Miao

OE, Vol. 52, Issue 03, 035008, (March 2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.52.3.035008

KEYWORDS: Acoustics, Birefringence, Cladding, Photonic crystal fibers, Acousto-optics, Modulation, Single mode fibers, Aluminum, Tunable filters, Optical fibers

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An acoustic birefringence suppression scheme for acoustic fiber gratings has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Experimental observation of the transmission characteristics of the single-mode-fiber-based (SMF-based) acoustic grating confirms that introduction of one segment of solid-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with air-hole array in the cladding region helps to eradicate resonance peak splitting induced by acoustic birefringence, which has been explained by our theoretical analysis from the acoustic wave modulation method and fiber cross-section structure. Moreover, experimental results indicate that the introduction of the solid-core PCF does not have a considerable impact on the frequency dependence of resonance wavelength for the SMF-based acoustic fiber grating, which ensures the performances of the PCF-assisted SMF-based acousto-optic tunable filter for practical applications.

Proceedings Article | 17 October 2012

Dynamic temperature compensation interrogation technique for liquid level sensors array based on single-longitudinal-mode DBR fiber laser

Chenglai Jia, Bo Liu, Hao Zhang, Yinping Miao

Proceedings Volume 8421, 842159 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.975234

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Liquids, Fiber lasers, Fiber Bragg gratings, Temperature metrology, Multiplexing, Polarimetry, Fiber optics sensors, Polarization, Birefringence

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A polarimetric DBR fiber laser sensor array for simultaneous measurement of liquid level and temperature has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Operation principle of the proposed DBR fiber laser sensor has been theoretically analyzed. Based on beat frequency/wavelength hybrid interrogation, discrimination between liquid level and temperature has been achieved. Furthermore, three fiber laser sensors were cascaded to build up a serially multiplexed sensor array, showing a good multiplexing capability for potential network applications.

Proceedings Article | 31 January 2012

Bend response of weakly tilted Bragg grating inscribed in all-solid photonic band-gap fibers

Yinping Miao, Bo Liu, Kailiang Zhang, Xiaoyun Zhu, Yan Liu, Xingya Chen, Hao Zhang

Proceedings Volume 8351, 835116 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.912809

KEYWORDS: Optical fibers, Fiber Bragg gratings, Refractive index, Cladding, Modulation, Sensors, Photonic crystal fibers, Ultraviolet radiation, Electronic components, Electronics engineering

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Weakly tilted fiber Bragg gratings (W-TFBGs) with a certain tilted angle are inscribed in the Ge-doped cladding rods of all-solid photonic band-gap fibers (AS-PBGF) by UV illumination. There are couplings not only forward-propagating LP₀₁ mode to counter-propagating LP01 mode but also the couplings to counter-propagating high order supermodes based on tilted refractive index modulation. The responses of the W-TFBGs to temperature and bend are investigated. The results indicate that the resonance peaks will shift red-side with increasing temperatures, and the sensitivities of different resonance peaks are very close in the same grating. When the bend is applied, the grids of W-TFBG will be compressed or stretched. Two resonance peaks will shift with increasing curvatures, which is related to the orientation of curvature. Therefore, it is potential to work as a directional bend sensor. For the fiber grating with high-order supermodes coupling, it could form fiber grating array by different levels. If every grating has individual response to surrounding, such a single W-TFBG could be used for one point and multi-parameter measurement. In addition, this work provides some insights into the mechanisms that contribute to the measured properties of TFBG in the photonic crystal fiber. It is also an effective method to investigate supermode properties of photonic crystal fiber.

Proceedings Article | 29 November 2011

Multilongitudinal-mode fiber laser temperature sensor and its applications in the measurement of temperature dependence of fiber birefringence

Hao Zhang, Bo Liu, Yange Liu, Yinping Miao, Xingya Chen, Yunqi Liu

Proceedings Volume 8311, 83110Q (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.902974

KEYWORDS: Fiber lasers, Birefringence, Temperature metrology, Refractive index, Temperature sensors, Fiber Bragg gratings, Sensors, Active optics, Spectrum analysis, Polarimetry

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In this paper, an active temperature sensor based on beat frequency interrogation of a multilongitudinal-mode fiber laser has been proposed and demonstrated. Temperature measurement has been achieved through beat frequency interrogation of the proposed multilongitudinal mode laser. Experimental results show that the temperature sensing curve has good linearity with a coefficient of determination of 0.996004 for a temperature range of 30°C to 105.3°C. Furthermore, its application in the measurement of temperature dependence of fiber birefringence has been also investigated. And calculation results according to experimental observation of the beat frequency spectrum indicate that as temperature increases intrinsic fiber birefringence also linearly increases with a temperature coefficient of about 4.4x10^-10/°C. The proposed multilongitudinal-mode fiber laser sensor based on beat frequency interrogation has several advantages including compactness, high signal to noise ratio, etc, which is expected to be employed in future sensing applications.

Proceedings Article | 29 November 2011

Coupling characteristics of a fluid-filled dual-core photonic crystal fiber based on temperature tuning

Chengli Wei, Zhi Wang, Yange Liu, Bo Liu, Hao Zhang, Yunqi Liu

Proceedings Volume 8307, 83071R (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.904218

KEYWORDS: Liquids, Refractive index, Photonic crystal fibers, Finite element methods, Polarization, Optoelectronics, Information science, Information technology, Specialty optical fibers, Optical networks

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The coupling characteristics of fluid-filled dual-core photonic crystal fibers are numerically investigated. The transmission spectrum is obtained in different temperatures. With the help of a vector finite element method we acquire the properties of the minimum coupling length. Finally, the coupling characteristic is experimental studied by the way of temperature tuning.

Proceedings Article | 17 May 2011

Intensity modulated temperature sensor based on the photonic crystal fibers filled with magnetic fluid

Yinping Miao, Yan Liu, Bo Liu, Kailiang Zhang, Hao Zhang, Qida Zhao

Proceedings Volume 7753, 775347 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.885325

KEYWORDS: Temperature sensors, Photonic crystal fibers, Refractive index, Modulation, Optical fibers, Tunable filters, Photonic devices, Waveguides, Liquids, Magnetism

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We propose a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) temperature sensor that is based on intensity modulation by magnetic fluid (MF) filling of air holes with index-guiding PCF. Temperature characteristic of MF-filled PCF is investigated without magnetic field and with weak magnetic field. The results show that light is still guided by total internal reflection (TIR) in this device because MF has a smaller refractive index than the material in the fiber core; the transmission power of the MF-filled PCF is used as the sensor signal to investigate its temperature properties. The temperature sensitivity of transmission power was experimentally determined to be 0.06dBm/oC for a 10cm-long PCF without applying magnetic field.

Proceedings Article | 5 October 2009

Bending and directional characteristics of weakly tilted fiber Bragg grating

Yinping Miao, Bo Liu, Jian Liu, Qida Zhao

Proceedings Volume 7503, 75037B (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.835879

KEYWORDS: Cladding, Sensors, Fiber Bragg gratings, Fiber optics sensors, Photoelasticity, Structured optical fibers, Optical fibers, Capillaries, Electronics, Electronics engineering

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The transmission spectral characteristics of TFBG were reported under a range of curvatures with different axial rotational orientations. The coupling modes as a result of bending were investigated by examining the appearance of new modes, the variation in coupling strength and the chirped resonance due to the variance of the effective tilted angle, coupling coefficient between cladding modes and core mode and the principal strain gradient.

Proceedings Article | 11 November 2008

Fiber grating laser pressure sensor

Jianhua Luo, Bo Liu, Shaolin Yan, Shuzhong Yuan

Proceedings Volume 7134, 71343S (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.802834

KEYWORDS: Fiber lasers, Birefringence, Sensors, Fiber Bragg gratings, Polarization, Distributed Bragg reflectors, Magnetic sensors, Reflectivity, Fiber optics sensors, Information science

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In this paper, a pressure sensor based on distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) fiber laser was reported. The laser was operated in single longitudinal mode. For the longitudinal-mode has two orthogonal polarizations, external press on the cavity would induce birefringence. It can be used to sense external pressure by measuring the beat frequency shift of polarization mode. After theoretical derivation and experimental verification, the sensing characteristics of the laser were shown in detail.

Proceedings Article | 11 November 2008

Temperature insensitive strain sensors based on high birefringence fiber loop mirror with a single fiber Bragg grating

Haibin Zhou, Bo Liu, Yange Liu, Hua Sun, Yinping Miao, Jianhua Luo

Proceedings Volume 7134, 713428 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.803803

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Sensors, Temperature metrology, Mirrors, Birefringence, Optical sensors, Sensing systems, Head, Sun, Optical components

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In this letter, a novel optical sensor based on high birefringence fiber loop mirror with a single Fiber Bragg Grating, available for temperature insensitive measurement for strain, was proposed and demonstrated. Considering that the HBFLM (high birefringence fiber loop mirror) and the conditional Fiber Bragg Grating have different response to strain and temperature, respectively, we can detect both the peak wavelength shift of these two devices. So we can build a lineal matrix equation between the perturbation of the surrounding and the shift of the transmission spectrum. Compared with conditional sensors for simultaneous measurement, this kind of sensor has several advantages, including simple configuration, low cost and easy to be fabricated.

Proceedings Article | 11 November 2008

Simultaneous measurement of surrounding temperature and refractive index by the tilted fiber Bragg grating

Yinping Miao, Bo Liu, Shuang Tian, Qida Zhao

Proceedings Volume 7134, 71343W (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.802884

KEYWORDS: Cladding, Refractive index, Temperature metrology, Sensors, Fiber Bragg gratings, Etching, Matrices, Biological and chemical sensing, Biosensing, HF etching

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Simultaneous independent measurement of surrounding refractive index (SRI) and temperature using the tilted fiber Bragg grating is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Core mode is sensitive only to the temperature while cladding modes are sensitive to the temperature and SRI, theirs temperature sensitivities are equal. The wavelength shifts of two kinds of modes with a change of temperature and SRI allow for simultaneous discrimination temperature and SRI effect. In addition, the sensitivity of TFBG to SRI is significantly enhanced by hydrofluoric etching clad; it can satisfy the custom-built sensitivity that the clad of TFBG was etched in different degrees as well. This sensor is potential for chemical-biochemical sensing application and measuring the concentration of the chemical solutions accurately.

Proceedings Article | 11 November 2008

Research on fiber sensor demodulating technique using tilted fiber Bragg gratings

Yinping Miao, Bo Liu, Weihua Zhang, Qida Zhao

Proceedings Volume 7134, 71340P (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.802822

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Cladding, Optical filters, Sensors, Fiber optics sensors, Linear filtering, Interference (communication), Demodulation, Tunable lasers, Temperature metrology

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Tilted fibre Bragg grating (TFBG) belongs to short-period gratings family; there is core mode and a lot of cladding modes in the transmission spectrum. According to the special structure and coupling characteristic of the TFBG, we propose a novel method of edge filter linear demodulation using tilted fiber Bragg gratings in a fiber sensor system. The results show that the widely linear range of katabatic edge (1505nm~1535nm) and an assurgent edge (1545nm~1565nm) can be used in edge filtering; the thermal characteristic of the core mode and cladding modes is similar to FBG's. Therefore, it can compensate dynamically the temperature shift of the FBG and the effect of temperature noise on the strain or other sensing signals is eliminated. The advantages of this simple system are an all-fiber design, quasi static and dynamic operation, high stability and lower cost.

Proceedings Article | 16 May 2008

Pressure and temperature characterization of Bragg gratings in grapefruit microstructured optical fibers

Bai-Ou Guan, Da Chen, Yang Zhang, Zhi Wang, Bo Liu

Proceedings Volume 7004, 70041G (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.785747

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Optical fibers, Structured optical fibers, Single mode fibers, Sensors, Temperature metrology, Optoelectronics, Refractive index, Thermal effects, Physics

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We report on the pressure characterization of Bragg gratings in grapefruit microstructured fibers. The air holes enhance the pressure response. The effect of air expansion in the holes on temperature response was also investigated.

Proceedings Article | 29 November 2007

Fabrication of temperature-insensitive chirped fiber grating pressure sensor

Meng Jiang, Weigang Zhang, Long Jin, Changjun Liu, Qi Zhang, Yaping Liu, Bo Liu

Proceedings Volume 6830, 683018 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.755194

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Cladding, Reflection, Corrosion, Refractive index, Fiber optics sensors, Sensors, Etching, Ultraviolet radiation, Temperature metrology

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Based on the transfer matrix method, the reflection spectra of strained chirped fiber gratings are analyzed theoretically. Chirped fiber gratings are fabricated by etching uniform FBGs with HF. The cross section of the chirped FBG has a gradient variation along the axis. The full width at half maximum of the refection spectra of the chirped fiber grating can reach 0.4-0.75nm. When axial stress is applied on the chirped FBG, the bandwidth can reach 5nm. The sensitivity of the bandwidth to stress can achieved 20% higher than that of uniform fiber Bragg gratings. The relationship of the bandwidth and the imposed force, as well as the one between the reflection power and the force, derived from the coupled mode theory, will also be tested in the experiments, which has been shown in this paper.

Proceedings Article | 27 November 2007

Research on fiber grating sensing to fiber loop ringdown

Weihua Zhang, Bo Liu, Jianhua Luo, Xiaoyi Dong

Proceedings Volume 6723, 67232B (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.783296

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Fiber Bragg gratings, Head, Temperature metrology, Light, Single mode fibers, Refractive index, Signal generators, Transmitters, Demodulation

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A fiber loop consists of two couplers and a single mode fiber and the measured pressure is converted into ringdown time of light traveling in the fiber loop by the sensor element of FBG. When pressure is changed, the pressure will be directly proportional to the ringdown time which is identical to that of theory. This kind of system of measuring press based on the theory has advantages of simple composition and convenient measure and it provides a novel method of fiber gratting demodulation technology and has practical value. Apart from measuring press, it can measure temperature and other parameters.

Proceedings Article | 21 November 2007

Application of high birefringence fiber Sagnac loop mirror in temperature sensing

Bo Liu, Jian-Hua Luo, Gui-Yun Kai, Shu-zhong Yuan

Proceedings Volume 6781, 678109 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.743618

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Birefringence, Sensors, Fiber Bragg gratings, Temperature sensors, Temperature metrology, Optoelectronics, Information technology, Fiber optics sensors, Optical filters

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Experiments using high birefringence fiber Sagnac loop mirror as the temperature sensor are reported. We study the characteristics of this sensor based on intensity detection. The result is linear in the measurable range. The sensing sensitivities of temperature is 0.92nm/°C, which is nearly 89 times larger than the typical temperature sensitivities of fiber Bragg grating.

Proceedings Article | 21 November 2007

Multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber lasers with tilted Bragg gratings in single mode fibers

Long Jin, Bo Liu, Lingling Xu, Jian Zhang, Yange Liu, Guiyun Kai, Shuzhong Yuan, Xiaoyi Dong

Proceedings Volume 6781, 67812U (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.743602

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Single mode fibers, Fiber lasers, Multimode fibers, Mirrors, Cladding, Polarization, Laser resonators, Modulation, Optical amplifiers

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In this paper, multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) by use of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) with different tilt angles in single mode fibers (SMFs) is demonstrated. The offset spliced FBGs are employed as lasing wavelength selectors. FBGs with 2° and 8° tilt angles can produce dual- and multi-wavelength oscillations, respectively. A nonlinear optical loop mirror is incorporated in the laser cavity to stabilize the multiwavelength oscillation at room temperature. The difference in coupling characteristics when offset launched between tilted FBGs in SMFs and uniform/tilted FBGs in multimode fibers are discussed.

Proceedings Article | 21 November 2007

Research of FBG multiplexing/demodulation on LPG

Weihua Zhang, Zhengrong Tong, Bo Liu, Jianhua Luo, Xiaoyi Dong

Proceedings Volume 6781, 678144 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.743198

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Optical filters, Sensors, Linear filtering, Demodulation, Cladding, Electronics, Filtering (signal processing), Multiplexing, Structured optical fibers

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Long-period grating(LPG) which has a grating period of more than 100μm is a new kind of fiber gratting and its principle is that optical power is coupled from the forward transmission fundamental core mode to the forward transmission cladding modes and is attenuated after some distance. Transmission spectrum of LPG has a range close to linearity in both side of the peak. This range can be use as double edge filter on this property. Cascaded LPGs have special spectrum which is used as filters in multiple technology.

Proceedings Article | 21 November 2007

A novel 3D strain FBG sensor based on cylinder structure

Jianhua Luo, Bo Liu, Yuwen Lan, Shuzhong Yuan, Guiyun Kai, Xiaoyi Dong

Proceedings Volume 6781, 678147 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.743244

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Sensors, Mathematics, Temperature metrology, Fiber optics sensors, Thermal effects, Sensing systems, Sensor technology, Electromagnetic interference, Three dimensional sensing

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In this paper, a novel 3D strain FBG sensor based on cylinder structure is reported. In our experiment, we used 3 FBGs as sensing element and fixed them on the side of the cylinder according to 120° angle intervals. Based on the physical and mathematics principle, theoretical derivations and experiment setup were also showed. In application, this sensor would have a good prospect.

Proceedings Article | 2 July 2007

Tilted-fibre-Bragg-grating-based 800nm WDM interrogation system for strain, temperature, and refractive index sensing

Rui Suo, Xianfeng Chen, Kaiming Zhou, Lin Zhang, Ian Bennion, Bo Liu

Proceedings Volume 6619, 66192N (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.738679

KEYWORDS: Refractive index, Fiber Bragg gratings, Wavelength division multiplexing, CCD cameras, Charge-coupled devices, Sensing systems, Liquids, Sensors, Cladding, Spectrum analysis

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We report the implementation of a low-cost high-resolution WDM interrogation system operating around 800nm region with bandwidth up to 60 nm and resolution of 13 pm by utilising a tilted fibre Bragg grating as an out-coupling device and a CCD-array detector. The system has been evaluated for interrogating fibre Bragg grating based strain, temperature sensors, giving sensitivities of 0.6 pm/&mgr;&Vegr; and 5.6 pm/°C which are in good agreement with previously reported values. Furthermore, the system has been utilised to detect refractive index change of sample liquids, demonstrating a capability of measuring index change as small as 10^-5.

Proceedings Article | 2 July 2007

Temperature and strain sensor based on weak LPG and fiber ring down

Bo Liu, Boo Guan, Guiling Sun, Guiyun Kai

Proceedings Volume 6619, 66193O (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.738668

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Pulsed laser operation, Sensors, Single mode fibers, Absorption, Laser sources, Reflectivity, Fiber couplers, Fiber coupled lasers, Fiber lasers

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A fiber ring down with a weak long period grating for temperature and strain sensing is proposed and demonstrated. The sensing devices consist of two matched fiber Bragg gratings, a section of single mode fiber, a weak long period grating, a pulsed laser source and a photodiode. The LPG incorporated in fiber ring cavity is used as sensing element, the induced resonance wavelength shift of which will cause an additional loss in the cavity. As a result, the amplitude of applied temperature variation or strain can be obtained by simply measuring the fiber ring down time. The proposed sensing system has advantages of easy configuration and rapid response.

Proceedings Article | 5 March 2007

A portable interrogation system based on the linear InGaAs photodiode array and volume phase grating

Guoyu Li, Jian Zhang, Bo Liu, Shuzhong Yuan, Guiyun Kai, Xiaoyi Dong

Proceedings Volume 6595, 65952P (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.725896

KEYWORDS: Photodiodes, Sensors, Fiber Bragg gratings, Signal to noise ratio, Indium gallium arsenide, Reliability, Charge-coupled devices, Wavelength division multiplexing, Optical fibers, Diffraction gratings

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This paper presents an interrogation system based on the linear nGaAs photodiode array and volume phase grating. By applying SDM and WDM technology, we have developed the interrogation system based on the linear lnGaAs photodiode array and volume phase grating. The system has the following advantages: small size, low power consumption, high resolution, interrogation speed, repeatability and reliability. Experimental results show that the interrogation system can be used to interrogate the FBG sensors with wavelength bandwidth of 42nm, SNR of about 30dB, wavelength accuracy of ±15pm, and it shows a good prospect.

Proceedings Article | 5 March 2007

Temperature insensitive wheel-type FBG pressure sensor

Jianhua Luo, Bo Liu, Guiyun Kai, Shuzhong Yuan, Xiaoyi Dong

Proceedings Volume 6595, 65953U (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.726484

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Sensors, Resistance, Sensing systems, Fiber optics sensors, Temperature metrology, Sensor technology, Electromagnetic interference, Mathematics, Wave propagation

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In this paper, a temperature insensitive fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor based on wheel-type structure pressure box is presented. Using two fiber Bragg gratings, within the pressure range of 0~30KN, its linearity and sensitivity reach 99.98% and 13.89N, respectively.

Proceedings Article | 5 March 2007

800nm fiber Bragg grating sensing interrogation system using TFBG and CCD array

Bo Liu, Rui Suo, Kaiming Zhou, Long Jin, Jian Zhang, Yange Liu, Guiyun Kai, Xiaoyi Dong

Proceedings Volume 6595, 659545 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.726504

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Fiber Bragg gratings, Sensing systems, Sensors, Staring arrays, Cladding, Light wave propagation, Light, Photonics, Fiber optics sensors

Read Abstract +

An 800nm band fiber Bragg grating sensing interrogation system using TFBG as the core wavelength division component is presented. A charge coupled device (CCD) linear array is put on the focal plane of the lens to detect the light. TFBG is used to tap light out of the fiber core to fiber cladding. The sensing wavelength is 795 to 830nm, with accuracy of 20pm and scan speed 100Hz. Using FBG sensor, we achieve the temperature sensitivity as 1.8°C and strain sensitivity as 18με.

Proceedings Article | 2 February 2006

Petri net based fiber Bragg grating sensing multiplexing technique

Hongwei Gao, Bo Liu, Hao Zhang, Jianhua Luo, Ye Cao, Shuzhong Yuan, Guiyun Kai, Xiaoyi Dong

Proceedings Volume 6031, 60310B (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.667918

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Sensors, Multiplexing, Sensing systems, Data acquisition, Switching, Optical switching, Demodulation, Wavelength division multiplexing, Channel projecting optics

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We bring forward a novel FBG sensor multiplexing technique based on Petri Net theory and the wavelength/spatial-division multiplexing technique. With this technique, the FBG sensing system not only avoid frequently switching and improve the average response speed, but also is able to enact data acquisition rule according to the priority (PRI), the delay time and the wavelength shift of FBG sensors. Therefore, the smart FBG sensors multiplexing system is more rational and smarter than the conventional WDM/SDM multiplexing technique. To validate the feasibility and advantage of the multiplexing technology, a FBG strain sensing system and theory simulation were proposed. The resolution power of the sensing system is 1με. The average delay time of the technique is lower one magnitude order than the conventional ones.

Proceedings Article | 20 January 2006

Experimental research on fiber Bragg grating hydrophone

Bo Liu, Wencheng Niu, ChunXian Xiao, Guiyun Kai, Xiaoyi Dong

Proceedings Volume 6027, 60273Z (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.668389

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Sensors, Reflectivity, Signal detection, Optical fibers, Acoustics, Demodulation, Wavelength division multiplexing, Time division multiplexing, Light

Read Abstract +

The FBG being used as the basic sensor unit, a hydrophone sensor has been designed and manufactured. Its principle and relevant experimental result are introduced. By using the matched fiber grating demodulation technique, dynamic signal measurement with high sensitivity is realized. The frequency range of the FBG-based hydrophone is 10~3kHz with a dynamic range is 60dB. Due to the characters of FBG itself, the measure of multiple-points underwater signal can be realized conveniently by using WDM and TDM techniques.

Proceedings Article | 14 February 2005

A novel method of temperature compensation for microvibration sensor with fiber gratings

Xingfa Dong, Yonglin Huang, Bo Liu, Weigang Zhang, GuiYun Kai, Xiaoyi Dong

Proceedings Volume 5634, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.570848

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Fiber optics sensors, Sensors, Transducers, Signal detection, Beam shaping, Temperature metrology, Structured optical fibers, Demodulation, Signal generators

Read Abstract +

A technique for temperature compensation in fiber grating vibration sensor is reported. By special design, it causes reversed strain on two FBGs and has temperature effects cancelled. After discussion about the factors affecting the sensitivity and the width of frequency band, it is experimentally proved that the total variation in wavelength difference within temperature of -15 ~ 50°C is nearly 0. When the input vibration frequency is up to 800Hz and the drive power is as low as 2mw, the output waveform is still distortionless.

Proceedings Article | 10 January 2005

An all-fiber electric voltage sensor based on high-birefringence fiber loop mirror

Hao Zhang, Bo Liu, Lingyun Xiong, Ling Yu, Qingying Dou, Shaohua Chen, Yange Liu, Lihui Liu, Shuzhong Yuan, Xiaoyi Dong

Proceedings Volume 5623, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.569984

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Sensors, Refractive index, Ferroelectric materials, Birefringence, Polarization, Phase shifts, Interferometers, Transmittance, Fiber optics sensors

Read Abstract +

In this paper, an all-fiber electric voltage sensor based on high birefringence fiber loop mirror is presented. This voltage sensor is composed of a 3dB coupler and ~8m high birefringence (HiBi) fiber, part of which is affixed to a piezoelectric translator (PZT). When the voltage applied on the PZT changes, the transmission spectrum of this HiBi fiber loop mirror will shift accordingly. As the direct current voltage increases to 75.2V, the phase shift of this HiBi fiber loop mirror is nearly π rad and the transmission peak changes by about half of a period. This voltage sensor has a sensitivity of 0.004nm/V and its linearity reaches 0.99878. Moreover, we have theoretically studied transmission spectrum shift of this HiBi fiber loop mirror when the length and refractive index difference of HiBi fiber are altered.

Proceedings Article | 10 January 2005

Investigation on transmission characteristics of high-birefringence fiber loop mirror

Yange Liu, Bo Liu, Guang Zhou, Weigang Zhang, Shuzhong Yuan, Guiyun Kai, Xiaoyi Dong

Proceedings Volume 5623, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.568707

KEYWORDS: Single mode fibers, Mirrors, Polarization, Optical filters, Reflectivity, Fiber characterization, Krypton, Manufacturing, Birefringence, Fiber amplifiers

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In this paper, the reflective and transmissive characteristics of the high-birefringence fiber loop mirror (HiBi-FLM), which is composed of arbitrary lengths and sections of high-birefringence fiber (HBF) were theoretically and experimentally investigated in detail. Simple explicit equations to respectively describe the reflectivity and transmissivity of the HiBi-FLM with one-section, two-section and three-section HBF were obtained, while the process of calculating the reflectivity and transmissivity of HiBi-FLM with n-section HBF was given. The experimental results verified the theoretic model.

Proceedings Article | 30 April 2004

A novel method for the demodulation of fiber Bragg grating sensing system based on chirp grating

Bo Liu, Jian Zeng, Chun-Xian Xiao, Gui-Yun Kai, Xiaoyi Dong

Proceedings Volume 5279, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.521508

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Demodulation, Sensing systems, Optical filters, Sensors, Reflectivity, Spectrum analysis, Fiber optics sensors, Single mode fibers, Microlens array

Read Abstract +

In this paper, we propose a novel method of the demodulation of FBG sensing system based on chirp grating and LPG edge filter in which chirp grating is used as band filter. The measurement speed is mainly determined by the response time of the photo-detector and the convert time of AD chips. So, it can highly improve the stability and scan speed of the sensing system. In the experiment system, we use fiber Bragg grating and adjust its bandwidth to get a chirp grating.. The center wavelength of chirp grating is 1551.60nm, and the pass-band wavelength is 7nm. The LPG is written on a standard single mode fiber with microlens array. The grating has a period of 440μm and a length of 3 cm. The center wavelength of LPG is 1558nm, and the falling edge of LPG is from 1540nm to 1555nm. We investigate light power by using a monitor magnify circuit, while the reflected wavelength of FBG by using optical spectrum analyzer. This system has high linear output and the linear fitting is 0.9918. The windage is due to the non-perfect square spectral profile of the reference chirp fiber grating.

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