Dr. Bruce Guenther Profile

Dr. Bruce Guenther

JPSS SDR Area Lead at Stellar Solutions Inc

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Publications (33)

Proceedings Article | 7 September 2018 Presentation + Paper

MODIS cross-talk effects and areas of potential performance differences for Terra from Aqua characteristics

B. Guenther, Junqiang Sun, Christopher Moeller

Proceedings Volume 10764, 1076411 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2320325

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Sensors, Short wave infrared radiation, Long wavelength infrared, Calibration, Mid-IR, Photovoltaics, Analog electronics

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Proceedings Article | 18 October 2017 Presentation

VIIRS spectral sharpening, or solution looking for a problem (Conference Presentation)

Bruce Guenther

Proceedings Volume 10423, 104231F (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2279440

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Image resolution, Sensors, Imaging systems, Data processing, Meteorological satellites, Satellites, Remote sensing, Spectral resolution, Radiometry

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The Visible/Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is the NOAA operational follow-on to the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer on NASA’s Earth Observing System. VIIRS operates on the Joint Polar-orbiting Satellite System which is the now current NOAA low-earth orbit operational Meteorological Satellite system. The VIIRS has Moderate (750 m nadir resolution) and Imaging (375 m nadir resolution) bands, as well as a band with large dynamic range that operates as a 750 m resolution, full swath imaging band in both day and night viewing conditions. This presentation will look at one specific M-band centered at 680 nm and one I-band centered at 640 nm which are nested spectrally, but for which the I-band has an 80 nm bandwidth and the M-band has a 20 nm bandwidth. We will show that an additional band of 60 nm (centered at 630 nm) may be synthesized from these two bands because the trailing edges of the spectral response of these two bands are nearly identical. The synthetic band will have lower radiometric accuracy and is considered most useful for diagnostic rather than specific quantitative objectives. Potential guidelines for the use of this synthetic band are provided also. A coarse uncertainty budget is shown that provides the uncertainty sources unique to the synthetic band, which are in addition to the uncertainties of the input bands. The concept of constructing a synthetic spectral band in this manner is considered an appropriate remote sensing concept only in the context of spectro-radiometric calibration approaches when tunable laser-source, absolute detector based calibrations are provided due to the enhanced calibrations with this class of standard devices. Traditional radiometric calibrations using integrating spheres are not considered sufficiently precise or sufficiently accurate to support computations of this nature. This may be thought of as a solution looking for a problem. Then we will show the results of an investigation into applying this solution to the detection of Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB). Laboratory results from the literature are introduced showing that species common to HAB in the Florida USA Gulf Coast have an absorption feature centered near 630 nm. This species is Karenia brevis which is the most common algae in West Florida shelf HABs. HAB outbreaks observed within the 6-year VIIRS dataset will be investigated using this synthesized band to assess the usefulness of this band as another tool for the study of coastal processes.

Proceedings Article | 23 September 2013 Paper

Modeling SNPP VIIRS reflective solar bands optical throughput degradation and its impacts on the relative spectral response

Ning Lei, Bruce Guenther, Zhipeng Wang, Xiaoxiong Xiong

Proceedings Volume 8866, 88661H (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2024351

KEYWORDS: Reflectivity, Modulation, Signal to noise ratio, Short wave infrared radiation, Sensors, Mirrors, Sun, Data modeling, Solids, Solar radiation models

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Proceedings Article | 19 November 2012 Paper

Modeling the detector radiometric response gains of the Suomi NPP VIIRS reflective solar bands

Ning Lei, Zhipeng Wang, Bruce Guenther, Xiaoxiong Xiong, James Gleason

Proceedings Volume 8533, 853319 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.974728

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Mathematical modeling, Solar radiation, Sensors, Reflectivity, Solar radiation models, Ultraviolet radiation, Short wave infrared radiation, Satellites, Tungsten

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Proceedings Article | 9 November 2012 Paper

Suomi NPP VIIRS on-orbit performance, data quality, and new applications

Changyong Cao, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Slawomir Blonski, Quanhua Liu, Bruce Guenther, Fuzhong Weng

Proceedings Volume 8528, 85280D (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.978997

KEYWORDS: Calibration, MODIS, Sensors, Diffusers, Signal to noise ratio, Environmental sensing, Clouds, Satellites, Spatial resolution, Reflectivity

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Proceedings Article | 23 October 2012 Paper

Polarization sensitivity of Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Flight Unit 1

Edward Novitsky, Stephen Herbst, James Young, Jeffery Puschell, Eric Fest, Bruce Guenther

Proceedings Volume 8516, 85160I (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2000151

KEYWORDS: Polarization, Sensors, Imaging systems, Radiometry, Signal detection, Mirrors, Polarizers, Visible radiation, Infrared imaging, Infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 15 October 2012 Paper

VIIRS on-orbit optical anomaly: investigation, analysis, root cause determination and lessons learned

Glenn Iona, James Butler, Bruce Guenther, Larissa Graziani, Eric Johnson, Brian Kennedy, Craig Kent, Robert Lambeck, Eugene Waluschka, Xiaoxiong Xiong

Proceedings Volume 8510, 85101C (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.933863

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Mirrors, Contamination, MODIS, Ultraviolet radiation, Tungsten, Near infrared, Coating, Reflectivity, Satellites

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Proceedings Article | 12 June 2012 Paper

Application of laser-source-based calibration for VIIRS for ultra-high-accuracy spectroradiometric calibration

B. Guenther

Proceedings Volume 8372, 83720E (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.922945

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Calibration, Laser sources, Spectral calibration, MODIS, Space operations, Monochromators, Ocean optics, Infrared radiation, Radiometry

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Proceedings Article | 14 September 2011 Paper

Results from solar reflective band end-to-end testing for VIIRS F1 sensor using T-SIRCUS

Jeff McIntire, David Moyer, James McCarthy, Steven Brown, Keith Lykke, Frank De Luccia, Xiaoxiong Xiong, James Butler, Bruce Guenther

Proceedings Volume 8153, 81530I (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.891917

KEYWORDS: Collimators, Sensors, Calibration, Reflectivity, Integrating spheres, Aerospace engineering, MODIS, Diffusers, Radiometry, Infrared sensors

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Proceedings Article | 29 October 2010 Paper

Comparison of two methodologies for calibrating satellite instruments in the visible and near infrared

Robert Barnes, Steven Brown, Keith Lykke, Bruce Guenther, Xiaoxiong Xiong, James Butler

Proceedings Volume 7862, 78620C (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.868356

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Sensors, Optical spheres, Diffusers, Near infrared, Visible radiation, Integrating spheres, Lamps, Manufacturing, Satellites

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Proceedings Article | 24 September 2009 Paper

A vacuum-compatible flat plate radiometric source for system-level testing of optical sensors

Steven Brown, Allan Smith, John Woodward, Keith Lykke, Bruce Guenther, Robert Lambeck, Robert Barnes

Proceedings Volume 7474, 747412 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.829892

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Sensors, Lamps, Temperature metrology, Radiometry, Optical fibers, Data acquisition, Transmittance, Phase modulation, Remote sensing

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Proceedings Article | 26 October 2007 Paper

On-orbit monitoring of MODIS thermal emissive bands response versus scan angle

X. Xiong, A. Wu, B. Guenther, W. Barnes

Proceedings Volume 6744, 67441I (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.736786

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Mirrors, Sensors, Calibration, Temperature metrology, Space operations, Radiometry, Reflectivity, Sensor calibration, Black bodies

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Proceedings Article | 3 October 2006 Paper

Four years of Aqua MODIS on-orbit radiometric calibration

W. Barnes, X. Xiong, X. Xie, A. Wu, K. Chiang, J. Sun, V. Salomonson, B. Guenther

Proceedings Volume 6361, 63610R (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.687160

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Signal to noise ratio, Mirrors, Diffusers, Reflectivity, Space operations, Long wavelength infrared, Black bodies

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Proceedings Article | 3 October 2006 Paper

Four-years of on-orbit spectral characterization results for Aqua MODIS reflective solar bands

X. Xiong, N. Che, Y. Xie, D. Moyer, W. Barnes, B. Guenther, V. Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 6361, 63610S (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.687163

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Lamps, Spectral calibration, Reflectivity, Monochromators, Space operations, Short wave infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 7 September 2006 Paper

Results and lessons from MODIS reflective solar bands calibration: pre-launch to on-orbit

X. Xiong, N. Che, C. Pan, X. Xie, J. Sun, W. Barnes, B. Guenther

Proceedings Volume 6296, 629607 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.679144

KEYWORDS: Calibration, MODIS, Sensors, Reflectivity, Diffusers, Signal to noise ratio, Electronics, Mirrors, Space operations, Staring arrays

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Proceedings Article | 7 September 2006 Paper

Results and lessons from MODIS thermal emissive bands calibration: pre-launch to on-orbit

X. Xiong, K. Chiang, N. Chen, S. Xiong, W. Barnes, B. Guenther

Proceedings Volume 6296, 62960A (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.680992

KEYWORDS: Calibration, MODIS, Sensors, Mirrors, Temperature metrology, Electronics, Space operations, Staring arrays, Long wavelength infrared, Black bodies

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Proceedings Article | 22 August 2005 Paper

Five-year results of Terra MODIS on-orbit spatial characterization

Nianzeng Che, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Bruce Guenther, W. Barnes, V. Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 5882, 58821A (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.615270

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Image registration, Near infrared, Long wavelength infrared, Spectral calibration, Calibration, Sensors, Visible radiation, Mid-IR, Infrared imaging

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Proceedings Article | 22 August 2005 Paper

Five-years of Terra MODIS spectral characterization

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Nianzeng Che, Bruce Guenther, W. Barnes, V. Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 5882, 58820R (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.614090

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Reflectivity, Copper, Space operations, Spatial resolution, Diffusers, Black bodies, Spectral calibration

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Proceedings Article | 30 December 2004 Paper

MODIS solar calibration transmission screen modeling

Eugene Waluschka, Xiaoxiong Xiong, David Moyer, Bruce Guenther, William Barnes, Vincent Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 5652, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.578334

KEYWORDS: Diffusers, Sensors, Calibration, MODIS, Mirrors, Sun, Computer simulations, Signal attenuation, Vignetting, Motion models

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Proceedings Article | 30 December 2004 Paper

On-orbit characterization of RVS for MODIS thermal emissive bands

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Vincent Salomonson, Kwo-Fu Chiang, Aisheng Wu, Bruce Guenther, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5652, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.578344

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Mirrors, Calibration, Sensors, Space operations, Reflectivity, Aerospace engineering, Long wavelength infrared, Radiometry, Earth's atmosphere

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Response versus scan angle (RVS) is a key calibration parameter for remote sensing radiometers that make observations using a scanning optical system, such as a doubled sided scan mirror (MODIS and GLI) or a rotating telescope (SeaWiFS and VIIRS). This is because the calibration is typically performed at a fixed viewing angle whereas the Earth scene observations are made over a range of viewing angles and the system’s response is a function of the scan angle. The NASA EOS Terra MODIS has been in operation for more than four years since its launch in December 1999. It has 36 spectral bands covering wavelengths from visible (VIS) to long-wave infrared (LWIR). It is a cross-track scanning radiometer with a two-sided paddle wheel scan mirror, making observations over a wide field of view (FOV) of ±55° from nadir thereby enabling frequent global coverage. Due to pre-launch measurement limitations, the Terra MODIS thermal emissive bands (TEB) RVS characterization did not produce valid data sets that could be used to derive a reliable system level RVS. Because of this, a RVS was developed for use at launch and subsequent efforts have been made to characterize the RVS using on-orbit observations. This paper describes the Terra MODIS on-orbit characterization of TEB RVS, including the data from scanning the instrument’s closed nadir aperture door (CNAD) and the use of Earth view data collected during spacecraft deep space maneuvers (DSM). Comparisons of pre-launch analysis and early on-orbit measurements are also provided. Noticeable improvements have been made for several thermal emissive bands for observations at large angles of incidence (AOI). Using the correct RVS improves the image quality and the radiometric calibration accuracy. For bands 34-36, an adjustment of as much as 0.5-1.5K can be made at the end of scan (worst case) for mirror side 2. The impacts at smaller AOI and from mirror side 1 are much smaller. Based on RVS comparison studies and science test results, the on-orbit derived DSM RVS has been chosen for the ongoing L1B data processing and future reprocessing.

Proceedings Article | 30 December 2004 Paper

Study of Terra MODIS reflective solar bands calibration stability and mirror side difference using simultaneous MODIS and MISR observations

Bruce Guenther, Aisheng Wu, Xiaoxiong Xiong

Proceedings Volume 5652, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.578333

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Mirrors, Reflectivity, Sensors, Space operations, Diffusers, Spectral calibration, Mirror stabilization, Visible radiation

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Proceedings Article | 4 November 2004 Paper

An approach for assessing the impact of optical and electronic cross-talk effects in developmental sensors using data from heritage sensors

Hassan Ouaidrari, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Bruce Guenther, Peter Kealy

Proceedings Volume 5570, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581277

KEYWORDS: Sensors, MODIS, Signal detection, Contamination, Algorithm development, Data modeling, Clouds, Space sensors, Convolution, Sensor performance

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Proceedings Article | 26 October 2004 Paper

Modeling studies of the MODIS solar diffuser attenuation screen and comparison with on-orbit measurements

Eugene Waluschka, Xiaoxiong Xiong, David Moyer, Bruce Guenther, William Barnes, Vincent Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 5542, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.560755

KEYWORDS: Sun, Diffusers, Mirrors, Sensors, MODIS, Calibration, Signal attenuation, Ray tracing, Space operations, Computer simulations

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Proceedings Article | 15 September 2004 Paper

NPP/NPOESS Joint Government SSPR Contractor Calibration and Validation program: system perspective, cooperative strategy and path to NPP

Brian Lottman, Michael Mussetto, James McCarthy, Pamela Emch, Scott Shipley, Karen St. Germain, Stephen Mango, Bruce Guenther

Proceedings Volume 5549, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.560957

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Calibration, Satellites, Data processing, Environmental sensing, Meteorological satellites, Sensor calibration, Lead, Data conversion, Aerospace engineering

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Proceedings Article | 10 November 2003 Paper

MODIS Level 1B calibration and data products

Alice Isaacman, Gary Toller, William Barnes, Bruce Guenther, Xiaoxiong Xiong

Proceedings Volume 5151, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.507957

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Reflectivity, Binary data, Black bodies, Infrared radiation, Spatial resolution, Data centers, Space operations

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Proceedings Article | 10 November 2003 Paper

On-orbit characterization of a solar diffuser’s bidirectional reflectance factor using spacecraft maneuvers

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Junqiang Sun, Joe Esposito, Xiaojin Liu, William Barnes, B. Guenther

Proceedings Volume 5151, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.504802

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Reflectivity, Diffusers, Sensors, Mirrors, Space operations, Near infrared, Satellites, Infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 10 November 2003 Paper

Development, characterization, and performance of the EOS MODIS sensors

William Barnes, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Bruce Guenther, Vince Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 5151, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.504818

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Sensors, Satellites, Imaging systems, Calibration, Space operations, Mirrors, Radiometry, Space telescopes, Telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 9 April 2003 Paper

MODIS reflective solar bands calibration algorithm and on-orbit performance

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Jun-Qiang Sun, Joseph Esposito, Bruce Guenther, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 4891, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.466096

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Diffusers, Reflectivity, Signal to noise ratio, Space operations, Short wave infrared radiation, Mirrors, Data modeling

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Proceedings Article | 9 April 2003 Paper

MODIS thermal emissive bands calibration algorithm and on-orbit performance

Xiaoxiong Xiong, K. Chiang, Bruce Guenther, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 4891, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.466083

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Black bodies, Mirrors, Long wavelength infrared, Detection and tracking algorithms, Electronics, Photovoltaics, Diffusers

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Proceedings Article | 24 September 2002 Paper

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Aisheng Wu, Joseph Esposito, Jun-Qiang Sun, Nianzeng Che, Bruce Guenther, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 4814, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.451978

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Mirrors, MODIS, Sensors, Sun, Diffusers, Reflectivity, Space operations, Visible radiation, Spectral calibration

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Proceedings Article | 18 January 2002 Paper

MODIS solar diffuser stability monitor performance

Jun-Qiang Sun, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Bruce Guenther

Proceedings Volume 4483, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.453449

KEYWORDS: Sun, MODIS, Computer simulations, Diffusers, Calibration, Mirrors, Spherical lenses, Reflectivity, Performance modeling, Signal attenuation

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Proceedings Article | 12 December 2001 Paper

Degradation of MODIS optics and its reflective solar bands calibration

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Joseph Esposito, Jun-Qiang Sun, C. Pan, Bruce Guenther, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 4540, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.450646

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Mirrors, Sensors, Sun, Reflectivity, Diffusers, Data processing, Ocean optics, Imaging systems

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Proceedings Article | 1 December 1990 Paper

Earth Observing System instrument performance: Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer case study

Bruce Guenther

Proceedings Volume 1300, (1990) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.21404

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Sensors, MODIS, Space operations, Satellites, Imaging systems, Image resolution, Reflectivity, Spectroscopy, Aerospace engineering

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