Wind power is a fast-growing source of non-polluting, renewable energy with vast potential. However, current wind
turbine technology must be improved before the potential of wind power can be fully realized. Wind turbine blades are
one of the key components in improving this technology. Blade failure is very costly because it can damage other
blades, the wind turbine itself, and possibly other wind turbines. A successful damage detection system incorporated
into wind turbines could extend blade life and allow for less conservative designs. A damage detection method which
has shown promise on a wide variety of structures is impedance-based structural health monitoring. The technique
utilizes small piezoceramic (PZT) patches attached to a structure as self-sensing actuators to both excite the structure
with high-frequency excitations, and monitor any changes in structural mechanical impedance. By monitoring the
electrical impedance of the PZT, assessments can be made about the integrity of the mechanical structure. Recently,
advances in hardware systems with onboard computing, including actuation and sensing, computational algorithms, and
wireless telemetry, have improved the accessibility of the impedance method for in-field measurements. This paper
investigates the feasibility of implementing such an onboard system inside of turbine blades as an in-field method of
damage detection. Viability of onboard detection is accomplished by running a series of tests to verify the capability of
the method on an actual wind turbine blade section from an experimental carbon/glass/balsa composite blade developed
at Sandia National Laboratories.
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