Dr. Daniel B. Nissman Profile

Dr. Daniel B. Nissman

at UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine

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Publications (2)

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Proceedings Article | 16 March 2020 Presentation + Paper

Preliminary imaging evaluation of a compact tomosynthesis system for potential point-of-care extremity imaging

Christina Inscoe, Alex Billingsley, Connor Puett, Daniel Nissman, Jianping Lu, Yueh Lee, Otto Zhou

Proceedings Volume 11312, 1131204 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2549329

KEYWORDS: Imaging systems, Image quality, Diagnostics, Radiography, X-ray sources, Bone, Point-of-care devices, X-ray imaging

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Orthopedic tomosynthesis is emerging as an attractive alternative to digital radiography (DR), with increased sensitivity for some clinical tasks, including fracture diagnosis and staging and follow-up of arthritis. Commercially available digital tomosynthesis (DTS) systems are complex, room-sized devices. A compact tomosynthesis system for extremity imaging (TomoE) was previously demonstrated using carbon nanotube (CNT) x-ray source array technology. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prototype device in preparation for an Institutional Review Board (IRB)- approved patient imaging study and evaluate initial patient images.

A tabletop device was constructed using a short CNT x-ray source array, operated in three positions, and a flat panel digital detector. Twenty-one x-ray projection images were acquired at incident angles from -20 to +20 degrees in various clinical orientations, with entrance doses matched to commercial in-room DTS scanners. The projection images were reconstructed with an iterative reconstruction technique in 1mm slices. Cadaveric specimen and initial participant images were reviewed by radiologists for feature conspicuity and diagnostic accuracy.

TomoE image quality was found to be superior to DR, with reconstruction slices exhibiting visual conspicuity of trabecular bone, delineation of joint space, bone erosions, fractures, and clear depiction of normal anatomical features. The scan time was fifteen seconds with mechanical translation. Skin entrance dose was verified to be 0.2mGy. TomoE device image quality has been evaluated in cadaveric specimens and dose was calibrated for a patient imaging study. Initial patient images depict a high level of anatomical detail an increase in diagnostic value compared to DR.

Proceedings Article | 1 March 2019 Paper

Tomosynthesis imaging of the wrist using a CNT x-ray source array

Christina Inscoe, A. Billingsley, C. Puett, S. Feinstein, E. Gunnell, D. Nissman, T. Maetani, R. Draeger, J. Lu, Y. Lee, O. Zhou

Proceedings Volume 10948, 109485F (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2512906

KEYWORDS: Image resolution, X-ray sources, Radiography, Imaging systems, Visualization, 3D image processing, Point-of-care devices, Imaging devices, Orthopedic imaging, Carbon nanotubes

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Tomosynthesis imaging has been demonstrated as an alternative to MRI and CT for orthopedic imaging. Current commercial tomosynthesis scanners are large in-room devices. The goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of designing a compact tomosynthesis device for extremity imaging at the point-of-care utilizing a carbon nanotube (CNT) x-ray source array. The feasibility study was carried out using a short linear CNT source array with limited number of x-ray emitting focal spots. The short array was mounted on a translation stage and moved linearly to mimic imaging configurations with up to 40 degrees angular coverage at a source-to-detector distance of 40cm. The receptor was a 12x12cm flat panel digital detector. An anthropomorphic phantom and cadaveric wrist specimens were imaged at 55kVp under various exposure conditions. The projection images were reconstructed with an iterative reconstruction algorithm. Image quality was assessed by musculoskeletal radiologists. Reconstructed tomosynthesis slice images were found to display a higher level of detail than projection images due to reduction of superposition. Joint spaces and abnormalities such as cysts and bone erosion were easily visualized. Radiologists considered the overall utility of the tomosynthesis images superior to conventional radiographs. This preliminary study demonstrated that the CNT x-ray source array has the potential to enable tomosynthesis imaging of extremities at the point-of-care. Further studies are necessary to optimize the system and x-ray source array configurations in order to construct a dedicated device for diagnostic and interventional applications.

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