Mr. Diogo Coutinho Profile

Diogo Coutinho

System Engineer at Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik

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Author

Publications (12)

Proceedings Article | 5 October 2023 Presentation + Paper

The high-energy x-ray probe (HEX-P)

Diogo Coutinho, Kirpal Nandra, Peter Predehl, Steve Kenyon, Paul Markie, William Zhang, Stefano Basso, Giovanni Pareschi, Daniele Spiga, Giuseppe Valsecchi, Dervis Vernani, Saptarshi Bandyopadhyay, Guillem Casadesus Vila, Steve Franklin, William Johnson, Mike McEachen, Alberto Moretti, Johannes Müeller-Seidlitz, Patrick Morrissey, Kristin Madsen, Rashied Amini, Sharon Kedar, Marc Lane, Karen Lee, Miles Smith, Daniel Stern, Steven Zusack, Jonathan Arenberg, Alex Abramovici, Douglas Dawson, Brian Grefenstette, Lance McCreary, Jeff Rodgers, Rafael Strecker, Lea Dauner

Proceedings Volume 12678, 126780H (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2676988

KEYWORDS: Design and modelling, Space operations, Cameras, Mirrors, X-rays, Telescopes, Sensors, Metrology, Astronomical instrumentation

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Proceedings Article | 31 August 2022 Paper

SRG/eROSITA status and operations during the first four all-sky surveys

K. Dennerl, F. Haberl, N. Meidinger, A. Merloni, P. Predehl, I. Stewart, M. Freyberg, W. Bornemann, H. Brunner, V. Burwitz, S. Friedrich, R. Gaida, A. Gueguen, G. Hartner, W. Kink, C. Maitra, M. Ramos-Ceja, T. Mernik, D. Coutinho, S. Mueller, P. Nandra, E. Pfeffermann, J. Robrade, S. Czesla, I. Kreykenbohm, G. Lamer, J. Eder

Proceedings Volume 12181, 121811A (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2628946

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Sun, Calibration, Mirrors, Space operations, Contamination, Field programmable gate arrays, Electronics, Telescopes, Control systems

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Proceedings Article | 31 August 2022 Poster + Paper

SRG/eROSITA micrometeoroid hits and effects

Michael Freyberg, Christoph Tenzer, Thomas Müller, Emanuele Perinati, Harald Krüger, Peter Strub, Andrea Merloni, Norbert Meidinger, Peter Predehl, Susanne Friedrich, Diogo Coutinho, Miriam Ramos-Ceja, Chandreyee Maitra, Konrad Dennerl, Christian Pommranz

Proceedings Volume 12181, 1218155 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2630890

KEYWORDS: X-ray telescopes, Cameras, X-rays, Particles, Charge-coupled devices, X-ray astronomy, Sensors, Satellites, Photons, X-ray detectors

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Proceedings Article | 31 August 2022 Paper

Time distribution on the Athena WFI

Francisco Javier Veredas, Sebastian Albrecht, Diogo Coutinho, Andreas Lederhuber, Jonas Reiffers

Proceedings Volume 12181, 121813U (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2627938

KEYWORDS: Clocks, Sensors, Oscillators, Electronics, Space operations, Picosecond phenomena, Field programmable gate arrays, X-ray telescopes, Signal detection, Field effect transistors

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Proceedings Article | 26 August 2022 Presentation

Athena Wide-Field Imager development status

Diogo Coutinho

Proceedings Volume 12181, 121810Q (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2628941

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Imaging systems, X-rays, Space operations, X-ray detectors, X-ray astronomy, Telescopes, Physics, Photons, Mirrors

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Proceedings Article | 13 December 2020 Paper

SRG/eROSITA early phase and commissioning operations

W. Kink, N. Meidinger, P. Predehl, W. Bornemann, R. Gaida, G. Hartner, S. Müller, D. Coutinho

Proceedings Volume 11444, 114444S (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2562478

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Imaging arrays, X-ray telescopes, Cameras, X-rays, CCD cameras, Interfaces, Space operations, Charge-coupled devices, CCD image sensors

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Proceedings Article | 6 July 2018 Paper

eROSITA mated with SRG

Peter Predehl, Walter Bornemann, Heinrich Bräuninger, Hermann Brunner, Vadim Burwitz, Diogo Coutinho, Konrad Dennerl, Josef Eder, Peter Friedrich, Maria Fürmetz, Gisela Hartner, Andreas von Kienlin, Walter Kink, Norbert Meidinger, Benjamin Mican, Siegfried Müller, Kirpal Nandra, Elmar Pfeffermann, Christian Rohé, Valeri Yaroshenko

Proceedings Volume 10699, 106995H (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2315139

KEYWORDS: Space operations, Space telescopes, Mirrors, Telescopes, X-rays, Cameras, X-ray telescopes, Data analysis, Imaging arrays, Electronics

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Proceedings Article | 6 July 2018 Paper

eROSITA ground operations

P. Predehl, T. Boller, D. Coutinho, K. Dennerl, T. Dwelly, M. Fürmetz, M. Freyberg, A. Georgakakis, C. Grossberger, I. Kreykenbohm, G. Lamer, J. Wilms, H. Brunner, N. Meidinger, S. Müller, T. Dauser, J. Robrade, J. Sanders

Proceedings Volume 10699, 106995G (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2315138

KEYWORDS: Space operations, Calibration, Data analysis, X-rays, Space telescopes, Data centers, Antennas, X-ray telescopes, Telescopes, X-ray imaging

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eROSITA (extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array) is the primary instrument on-board the Russian/German "Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma" (SRG) mission. It will perform the first all-sky imaging X-ray survey in the medium X-ray energy band. eROSITA is currently awaiting its launch from Baikonur in early 2019 into an L2 halo orbit. Preparations for eROSITA ground operations have been under way in parallel with the hardware development of the eROSITA telescope, comprising the areas mission planning, telescope operation and data reception, the operation of a data processing pipeline, and the creation of tools for data access and interactive data analysis. eROSITA mission: After a brief calibration and performance verification phase eROSITA will perform a four-year all-sky survey fully covering the sky eight times, which will be followed by several years of dedicated observations of interesting objects. Two ground antennas in Russia (near Moscow and in Siberia) will be available to provide several hours of daily ground contact for commanding and for data reception. eROSITA data rights will be equally divided between the Russian and German partners. Operation and data centers will exist at Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physics (MPE) in Garching, Germany and at the Russian Space Research Institute (IKI) in Moscow. Interfaces and procedures for mission planning, telescope operation and data exchange are closely coordinated between both sites. Mission planning and operation: Based on orbit simulations provided by the Russian side, a software environment for optimizing the desired sky coverage and observing efficiency while fulfilling visibility and solar constraints was set up. Agreed upon observing timelines will be converted to eROSITA and SRG command sequences fed to the Russian ground station for up-linking. MPE personnel will be on site either in Moscow or at MPE in Garching during each ground contact to conduct ondemand commanding and to assess instrument health and data quality. Data analysis pipeline and interactive data analysis: The eROSITA data processing pipeline consists of modules for data ingestion, event calibration, exposure calculation, source detection, and the creation of high-level source specific data products. It will be operated at MPE on a daily basis after each ground contact. A subset of the software tasks comprising the data analysis pipeline also functions as interactive data analysis tools. These can be grouped into tasks for X-ray event calibration, selection and binning, exposure, background and sensitivity map creation and for source detection. Data products are provided in a standards compliant FITS format for use with well-known high-level X-ray data analysis tools. A Web based graphical source catalog and data products viewer will allow easy data browsing. Since mid-2014 the interactive eROSITA data analysis package is available to the eROSITA user community, permitting the analysis of simulated eROSITA datasets, created by a sophisticated X-ray modeling and simulation tool.

Proceedings Article | 6 July 2018 Paper

eROSITA system functionality and operation

P. Predehl, D. Coutinho, S. Müller, W. Kink, W. Bornemann, M. Fürmetz, N. Meidinger, R. Gaida, G. Hartner, V. Burwitz, B. Budau

Proceedings Volume 10699, 106995F (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2315137

KEYWORDS: Imaging systems, Space operations, Space telescopes, Telescopes, Imaging arrays, X-ray telescopes, Telecommunications, X-rays, CCD cameras, Cameras

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Proceedings Article | 18 July 2016 Paper

eROSITA on SRG

Peter Predehl, Walter Bornemann, Heinrich Bräuninger, Hermann Brunner, Thomas Boller, Vadim Burwitz, Wolfgang Burkert, Nicolas Clerc, Eugene Churazov, Diogo Coutinho, Konrad Dennerl, Tom Dwelly, Josef Eder, Valentin Emberger, Michael Freyberg, Peter Friedrich, Maria Fürmetz, Antonis Georgakakis, Christoph Grossberger, Frank Haberl, Gisela Hartner, Walter Kink, Georg Lamer, Norbert Meidinger, Benjamin Mican, Mikhail Pavlinsky, Elmar Pfeffermann, Daniel Pietschner, Mara Salvato, Andrea Santangelo, Manami Sasaki, Hartmut Scheuerle, Jürgen Schmitt, Axel Schwope, Rashid Sunyaev, Chris Tenzer, Valeri Yaroshenko, Jörn Wilms, Robert Andritschke, Vladimir Babyshkin, Werner Becker, Marat Gilfanov, Olaf Hälker, Andreas v. Kienlin, Ingo Kreykenbohm, Ilya Lomakin, Igor Lapshov, Andrea Merloni, Siegfried Müller, Kirpal Nandra, Jan Robrade

Proceedings Volume 9905, 99051K (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2235092

KEYWORDS: X-ray telescopes, Imaging arrays, X-rays, Mirrors, Cameras, Calibration, Fermium, Frequency modulation, Space telescopes, Scattering

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Proceedings Article | 31 July 2014 Paper

eROSITA on SRG

Peter Predehl, Robert Andritschke, Werner Becker, Walter Bornemann, Heinrich Bräuninger, Hermann Brunner, Thomas Boller, Vadim Burwitz, Wolfgang Burkert, Nicolas Clerc, Evgeniy Churazov, Diogo Coutinho, Konrad Dennerl, Josef Eder, Valentin Emberger, Tanja Eraerds, Michael Freyberg, Peter Friedrich, Maria Fürmetz, Antonis Georgakakis, Christoph Grossberger, Frank Haberl, Olaf Hälker, Gisela Hartner, Günther Hasinger, Johannes Hoelzl, Heinrich Huber, Andreas von Kienlin, Walter Kink, Ingo Kreykenbohm, Georg Lamer, Ilya Lomakin, Igor Lapchov, Lorenzo Lovisari, Norbert Meidinger, Andrea Merloni, Benjamin Mican, Joseph Mohr, Siegfried Müller, Kirpal Nandra, Florian Pacaud, Mikhail Pavlinsky, Emanuele Perinati, Elmar Pfeffermann, Daniel Pietschner, Jonas Reiffers, Thomas Reiprich, Jan Robrade, Mara Salvato, Andrea Santangelo, Manami Sasaki, Hartmut Scheuerle, Christian Schmid, Jürgen Schmitt, Axel Schwope, Rashid Sunyaev, Christoph Tenzer, Lars Tiedemann, Weizong Xu, Valeri Yaroshenko, Sabine Walther, Michael Wille, Jörn Wilms, Yu-Ying Zhang

Proceedings Volume 9144, 91441T (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2055426

KEYWORDS: X-rays, Mirrors, Cameras, Space telescopes, X-ray telescopes, Calibration, Electronics, Telescopes, X-ray astronomy, Imaging arrays

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Proceedings Article | 24 July 2014 Paper

Report on the eROSITA camera system

Norbert Meidinger, Walter Bornemann, Diogo Coutinho, Valentin Emberger, Olaf Hälker, Walter Kink, Benjamin Mican, Siegfried Müller, Daniel Pietschner, Peter Predehl, Jonas Reiffers, Robert Andritschke

Proceedings Volume 9144, 91441W (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2055703

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Sensors, Electronics, Optical filters, CCD image sensors, X-rays, Charge-coupled devices, Filtering (signal processing), Calibration, Signal detection

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The eROSITA space telescope is currently developed for the determination of cosmological parameters and the equation of state of dark energy via evolution of clusters of galaxies. Furthermore, the instrument development was strongly motivated by the intention of a first imaging X-ray all-sky survey enabling measurements above 2 keV. eROSITA is a scientific payload on the Russian research satellite SRG. Its destination after launch is the Lagrangian point L2. The observational program of the observatory divides into an all-sky survey and pointed observations and takes in total about 7.5 years. The instrument comprises an array of 7 identical and parallel aligned telescopes. Each of the seven focal plane cameras is equipped with a PNCCD detector, an enhanced type of the XMM-Newton focal plane detector. This instrumentation permits spectroscopy and imaging of X-rays in the energy band from 0.3 keV to 10 keV with a field of view of 1.0 degree. The camera development is done at the Max-Planck-Institute for extraterrestrial physics. Key component of each camera is the PNCCD chip. This silicon sensor is a back-illuminated, fully depleted and column-parallel type of charge coupled device. The image area of the 450 micron thick frame-transfer CCD comprises an array of 384 x 384 pixels, each with a size of 75 micron x 75 micron. Readout of the signal charge that is generated by an incident X-ray photon in the CCD is accomplished by an ASIC, the so-called eROSITA CAMEX. It provides 128 parallel analog signal processing channels but multiplexes the signals finally to one output which feeds the detector signals to a fast 14-bit ADC. The read noise of this system is equivalent to a noise charge of about 2.5 electrons rms. We achieve an energy resolution close to the theoretical limit given by Fano noise (except for very low energies). For example, the FWHM at an energy of 5.9 keV is approximately 140 eV. The complete camera assembly comprises the camera head with the detector as key component, the electronics for detector operation as well as data acquisition and the filter wheel unit. In addition to the on-chip light blocking filter directly deposited on the photon entrance window of the PNCCD, an external filter can be moved in front of the sensor, which serves also for contamination protection. Furthermore, an on-board calibration source emitting several fluorescence lines is accommodated on the filter wheel mechanism for the purpose of in-orbit calibration. Since the spectroscopic silicon sensors need cooling down to -95°C to mitigate best radiation damage effects, an elaborate cooling system is necessary. It consists of two different types of heat pipes linking the seven detectors to two radiators. Based on the tests with an engineering model, a flight design was developed for the camera and a qualification model has been built. The tests and the performance of this camera is presented in the following. In conclusion an outlook on the flight cameras is given.

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