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In this contribution, we present results of an approach for tuning the color of standard industrial c-Si solar cells that is based on coating them with metallic nano-particles. In particular, thin films (< 20 nm) of a metal (e.g., silver) were sputtered onto c-Si solar cells and thermally annealed subsequently. The sizes and the shapes of the nano-particles (characterized by SEM) were found to depend on the thickness of the deposited films and the surface roughness of the substrates/solar cells. With such an approach it is possible to tune the color of the standard c-Si cells from blue to green and brownish/red. The position of the resonance peak in the reflection spectrum was found to be almost independent from the angle of incidence. This low angular sensitivity is a clear advantage compared to alternative color tuning methods, for which additional dielectric thin films are deposited on c-Si solar cells.
In this contribution we discuss a smart design of an extremely flat direct-lit luminaire for general lighting applications. The main advantage of this concept is the increased DHR ratio compared to diffuser sheet only-approaches and a smaller thickness of the whole set-up compared to common freeform approaches. For this demand we have designed very thin freeform optical elements with a maximal height of 75 μm that allow to maintain a uniform illumination in direct-lit applications using an LED-array with a comparably large distance between the individual LEDs. The presented design concept in addition emphasizes the use of cost-effective manufacturing methods like grey scale laser lithography for mastering and roll-to-roll processing for large area manufacturing of these optical elements.
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