Mr. Gang Wu Profile

Gang Wu

at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Ctr

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Publications (2)

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Proceedings Article | 3 March 2012 Paper

Local spectral adaptive multitaper method with bilateral filtering for spectrum analysis of mammographic images

Gang Wu, James Mainprize, Martin Yaffe

Proceedings Volume 8313, 83134N (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.911067

KEYWORDS: Spectral resolution, Optical filters, Image filtering, Image analysis, Digital filtering, Spectrum analysis, Solids, Gaussian filters, Digital mammography, Breast

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Estimation of the image power spectrum is fundamental to the development of a figure of merit for image performance analysis. We are investigating a new multitaper approach to determine power spectra, which provides a combination of low variance and high spectral resolution in the frequency range of interest. To further reduce the variance, the spectrum estimated by the proposed Local Spectral Adaptive Multitaper Method (LSAMTM) is subsequently smoothed in the frequency domain by bilateral filtering, while keeping the spectral resolution intact. This tool will be especially valuable in power spectrum estimation of images that deviate significantly from uniform white noise. The performance of this approach was evaluated in terms of spectral stability, variance reduction, bias and frequency precision. It was also compared to the conventional power spectrum method in several typical situations, including the noise power spectra (NPS) measurements of simulated projection images of a uniform phantom and NPS measurement of real detector images of a uniform phantom for two clinical digital mammography systems. Examination of variance reduction versus spectral resolution and bias indicates that the LSAMTM with bilateral filtering technique is superior to the conventional estimation methods in variance reduction, spectral resolution and in the prevention of spectrum leakage. It has the ability to keep both low variance and narrow spectral linewidth in the frequency range of interest. Up to 87% more variance reduction can be achieved with proper filtration and no sacrifice of frequency precision has been observed.

Proceedings Article | 21 March 2007 Paper

Evaluation of scatter effects on image quality for breast tomosynthesis

Gang Wu, James Mainprize, John Boone, Martin Yaffe

Proceedings Volume 6510, 65101T (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.708531

KEYWORDS: Breast, X-rays, Monte Carlo methods, Image quality, Radiation effects, Mammography, Sensors, Tissues, X-ray imaging, Point spread functions

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Digital breast tomosynthesis uses a limited number of low-dose x-ray projections to produce a three-dimensional (3D) tomographic reconstruction of the breast. The purpose of this investigation was to characterize and evaluate the effect of scatter radiation on image quality for breast tomosynthesis. Generated by a Monte Carlo simulation method, scatter point spread functions (PSF) were convolved over the field of view (FOV) to estimate the distribution of scatter for each angle of tomosynthesis projection. The results demonstrated that in the absence of scatter reduction techniques, the scatter-to-primary ratio (SPR) levels for the average breast are quite high (~0.4 at the centre of mass), and increased with increased breast thickness and with larger FOV. Associated with such levels of x-ray scatter are cupping artifacts, as well as reduced accuracy in reconstruction values. The effect of x-ray scatter on the contrast, noise, and signal-difference-to-noise ratio (SDNR) in tomosynthesis reconstruction was measured as a function of tumour size. For example, the contrast in the reconstructed central slice of a tumour-like mass (14 mm in diameter) was degraded by 30% while the inaccuracy of the voxel value was 28%, and the reduction of SDNR was 60%. We have quantified the degree to which scatter degrades the image quality over a wide range of parameters, including x-ray beam energy, breast thickness, breast diameter, and breast composition. However, even without a scatter rejection device, the contrast and SDNR in the reconstructed tomosynthesis slice is higher than that of conventional mammographic projection images acquired with a grid at an equivalent total exposure.

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