Mr. Gerard C. J. Otter Profile

Gerard C. J. Otter

at TNO Technical Sciences

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Area of Expertise:

Space instrument calibration , Spectrometers

Publications (16)

Proceedings Article | 12 July 2019

Traceable radiance source for spectroradiometer calibration

Steven van den Berg, Paul Dekker, Tessel van der Laan, Gerard Otter, Niels Dijkhuizen, Bilgehan Gür, Sanneke Brinkers

Proc. SPIE. 11180, International Conference on Space Optics — ICSO 2018

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Optical spheres, Sensors, Calibration, Satellites, Lamps, Spectral calibration, Diffusers, Integrating spheres, Free electron lasers

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Proceedings Article | 21 November 2017

Enhancement of diffusers BRDF accuracy

Gerard Otter, Gregory Bazalgette Courrèges-Lacoste, Hedser van Brug, Jos Groote Schaarsberg, Steven Delwart, Umberto del Bello

Proc. SPIE. 10567, International Conference on Space Optics — ICSO 2006

KEYWORDS: Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Diffusers, Astronomical imaging, Simulation of CCA and DLA aggregates, Current controlled current source

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Proceedings Article | 21 November 2017

From ozone monitoring instrument (OMI) to tropospheric monitoring instrument (TROPOMI)

Marcel Dobber, Q. Kleipool, P. Veefkind, P. Levelt, N. Rozemeijer, R. Hoogeveen, Ilse Aben, J. de Vries, G. Otter

Proc. SPIE. 10566, International Conference on Space Optics — ICSO 2008

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Proceedings Article | 20 November 2017

On-ground re-calibration of the GOME-2 satellite spectrometer series

Gerard Otter, Niels Dijkhuizen, Amir Vosteen, Sanneke Brinkers, Bilgehan Gür, Pepijn Kenter, Marcello Sallusti, Dana Tomuta, Rubes Veratti, Annalisa Cappani

Proc. SPIE. 10564, International Conference on Space Optics — ICSO 2012

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Proceedings Article | 25 September 2017

First aircraft test results of a compact, low cost hyperspectral imager for earth observation from space

B. T. de Goeij, G. C. Otter, J. M. van Wakeren, J. Veefkind, T. Vlemmix, X. Ge, P. Levelt, B. P. Dirks, P. Toet, L. van der Wal, R. Jansen

Proc. SPIE. 10562, International Conference on Space Optics — ICSO 2016

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Proceedings Article | 25 September 2017

On-ground characterization approach of the Sentinel-5 instrument

Gerard Otter, Erik Boslooper, Bryan de Goeij, Tobias Guehne

Proc. SPIE. 10562, International Conference on Space Optics — ICSO 2016

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Proceedings Article | 24 September 2015 Paper

The absolute radiometric calibration facility ARCF 2.0 at TNO

B. Gür, G. Otter, R. Jansen, J. Groote-Schaarsberg, S. Brinkers

Proc. SPIE. 9628, Optical Systems Design 2015: Optical Fabrication, Testing, and Metrology V

KEYWORDS: Infrared cameras, Optical components, Sun, Scattering, Sensors, Calibration, Surface roughness, Diffusers, Image transmission, Neodymium

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Proceedings Article | 3 October 2011 Paper

PDR status for TROPOMI, the Sentinel 5 precursor instrument for air quality and climate observations

Johan de Vries, Robert Voors, Gerard Otter, Nick van der Valk, Ilse Aben, Ruud Hoogeveen, Ralph Snel, Quintus Kleipool, Pepijn Veefkind

Proc. SPIE. 8176, Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XV

KEYWORDS: Near infrared, Short wave infrared radiation, Telescopes, Spectrographs, Sun, Sensors, Satellites, Spatial resolution, Climatology, Environmental sensing

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Proceedings Article | 23 September 2009 Paper

TROPOMI, the solar backscatter satellite instrument for air quality and climate, heads towards detailed design

Johan de Vries, Robert Voors, A'gnes Mika, Gerard Otter, Nick van der Valk, Ilse Aben, Ruud Hoogeveen, Annemieke Gloudemans, Marcel Dobber, Pepijn Veefkind, Pieternel Levelt

Proc. SPIE. 7474, Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIII

KEYWORDS: Short wave infrared radiation, Spectrographs, CMOS sensors, Polarization, Sensors, Calibration, Satellites, Charge-coupled devices, Climatology, Environmental sensing

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Proceedings Article | 13 October 2006 Paper

Enhancement of diffusers BSDF accuracy: spectral features effect

Hedser van Brug, Grégory Bazalgette Courrèges-Lacoste, Gerard Otter, Jos Schaarsberg, Steven Delwart, Umberto del Bello

Proc. SPIE. 6361, Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites X

KEYWORDS: Sun, Data modeling, Speckle, Scattering, Sensors, Calibration, Satellites, Spectrometers, Speckle pattern, Diffusers

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This paper reports the activities performed in the framework of the ESA contract 18432/04/NL/AR: Enhancement of diffusers BSDF Accuracy. This study was conducted to investigate properties of various diffusers. Diffusers are widely used in space instruments as part of the on-board absolute calibration. Knowledge of the behavior of the diffuser is therefore most important. From measurements of launched instruments in-orbit it has been discovered that when a diffuser is used in the vacuum of space the BSDF (Bi-directional Scattering Distribution Function) can change with respect to the one in ambient conditions. This is called the air/vacuum effect and has been simulated in this study by measuring the BSDF in a laboratory in ambient as well as vacuum conditions, results of this part of the study will be reported. Another effect on the BSDF is not related to the air/vacuum effect, but to the design parameters of the optical system and the scattering properties of the diffuser. The effect is called Spectral Features and is a noise like structure superimposed on the BSDF. To observe this effect, spectral and spatial (partially) coherence light is needed. High-resolution spectrometers provide the spectral coherence and a narrow field of view provides the spatial coherence. Modern space spectrometers have high spectral resolution and/or a small field of view (high spatial resolution). Different diffusers create different speckle patterns leading to different Spectral Features amplitudes. Therefore the choice of diffuser can be very critical with respect to the required absolute radiometric calibration of an instrument. Even if the Spectral Features are small it can influence the error budget of the retrieval algorithms for the level 2 products. In this presentation diffuser trade-off results are presented and the Spectral Features model applied to the optical configuration of the MERIS instrument is compared to in-flight measurements of MERIS. The introduction describes the use of diffusers in earth-observation satellites and why they cause spectral features. In Sec.2 the physical background of the spectral features, speckles, is discussed. Section 3 shows the results from air/vacuum effect measurements (SubSec.3.1), spectral features amplitude measurements on our in-house setup and simulations in a single graphical display (SubSec.3.2 ), and the measured and simulated results for the MERIS instrument (SubSec.3.3). The following sections deal with a description of the measuring setup and the model that has been made to do the simulations. Finally, in the discussion, topics like what is the best diffuser and what can be done to minimize the amplitude of the spectral features will be dealt with.

Proceedings Article | 21 October 2005 Paper

Spectral features effect on reference diffusers: diffuser trade-off study

Grégory Bazalgette Courrèges Lacoste, Hedser van Brug, Jos Groote Schaarsberg, Gerard Otter, Umberto del Bello

Proc. SPIE. 5978, Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites IX

KEYWORDS: Near infrared, Indium gallium arsenide, Modulation, Sensors, Calibration, Spectroscopy, Diffusers, Aluminum, CCD image sensors, Camera shutters

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Proceedings Article | 22 August 2005 Paper

Spectral features due to on-board diffusers

Hedser van Brug, Gregory Bazalgette Courreges-Lacoste, Jos Groote Schaarsberg, Gerard Otter, Umberto Del Bello, Bart Snijders

Proc. SPIE. 5882, Earth Observing Systems X

KEYWORDS: Near infrared, Light sources, Polarization, Speckle, Sensors, Satellites, Spectroscopy, Speckle pattern, Diffusers, Aluminum

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Proceedings Article | 4 November 2004 Paper

Calibration of the NPL transfer standard absolute radiance source (TSARS) and its use with GOME 2-FM3 spectral radiance measurements

Heather Pegrum, Emma Woolliams, Nigel Fox, Luud van Riel, Gerard Otter, Matthew Kowalewski

Proc. SPIE. 5570, Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites VIII

KEYWORDS: Optical spheres, Sensors, Calibration, Lamps, Black bodies, Diffusers, Radiometry, Free electron lasers, Nanolithography, Telescopic pixel displays

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Proceedings Article | 15 September 2004 Paper

GOME-2 ozone instrument onboard the European METOP satellites

Joerg Callies, Enrico Corpaccioli, Michael Eisinger, Alain Lefebvre, Rosemary Munro, Abelardo Perez-Albinana, Barbara Ricciarelli, Luciano Calamai, Gianna Gironi, Rubes Veratti, Gerard Otter, Martin Eschen, Luud van Riel

Proc. SPIE. 5549, Weather and Environmental Satellites

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Prisms, Sun, Polarization, Sensors, Calibration, Satellites, Spectroscopy, Diffusers, Ozone

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Proceedings Article | 12 December 2003 Paper

GOME-2 -- the ozone instrument onboard the European METOP satellites

Joerg Callies, Enrico Corpaccioli, Michael Eisinger, Alain Lefebvre, Rose Munro, Abelardo Perez-Albinana, Barbara Ricciarelli, Luciano Calamai, Gianna Gironi, Rubes Veratti, Gerard Otter, Martin Eschen, Luud van Riel

Proc. SPIE. 5158, Polarization Science and Remote Sensing

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Prisms, Sun, Polarization, Sensors, Calibration, Satellites, Spectroscopy, Diffusers, Ozone

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Proceedings Article | 4 November 2003 Paper

GOME-2: the calibration results of the first flight model

Joerg Callies, Enrico Corpaccioli, Michael Eisinger, Alain Lefebvre, Rose Munro, Abelardo Perez-Albinana, Barbara Ricciarelli, Demetrio Labate, Annalisa Capanni, Rubes Veratti, Gerard Otter, Martin Eschen, Pepijn Kenter, Luud van Riel

Proc. SPIE. 5156, Ultraviolet Ground- and Space-based Measurements, Models, and Effects III

KEYWORDS: Sun, Polarization, Sensors, Calibration, Lamps, Photodiodes, Diffusers, Ozone, Free electron lasers, Temperature metrology

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Showing 5 of 16 publications

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