The recent several years we developed the Scheimpflug lidar method. We combined an invention from the 19th century
with modern optoelectronics such as diode lasers and CMOS array from the 21st century. The approach exceeds
expectations of background suppression, sensitivity and resolution beyond known from time-of-flight lidars. We
accomplished multiband elastic atmospheric lidars for resolving single particles and aerosol plumes from 405 nm to 1550
nm. We pursued hyperspectral differential absorption lidar for molecular species. We demonstrated a simple method of
inelastic hyperspectral lidar for profiling aquatic environments and vegetation structure. Not least, we have developed
polarimetric Scheimpflug lidar with multi-kHz sampling rates for remote modulation spectroscopy and classification of
aerofauna. All these advances are thanks to the Scheimpflug principle. Here we give a review of how far we have come
and shed light on the limitations and opportunities for future directions. In particular, we show how the biosphere can be
resolved with unsurpassed resolution in space and time, and share our expectation on how this can revolutionize
ecological analysis and management in relation to agricultural pests, disease vectors and pollinator problematics.
Glyoxal (CHOCHO), as an indicator of photochemical “hot spots”, was for the first time the subject of a differential
absorption lidar (DIAL) campaign. The strongest absorption line of glyoxal in the blue wavelength region – 455.1 nm –
was chosen as the experimental absorption wavelength. In order to handle the effects of absorption cross-section
variation of the interfering gas – nitrogen dioxide (NO2) – three-wavelength DIAL measurements simultaneously detecting glyoxal and NO2, were performed. The differential absorption curves, recorded in July 2012, indicate an extremely low glyoxal concentration in Lund, Sweden, although it is expected to be peaking at this time of the year.
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