The impact of nonlinear optical effects, the optimization of the dispersion, the bandwidth of the filters and the optical signal powers play a major role in an optical network and even more the higher the data rates are.
This work deals with the simulation of dispersion in order to determine its impact on the performance of high-capacity WDM-transmission systems. By consideration of nonlinear optical effects and suitable dispersion management, it is shown that the system performance can partly be improved. A 10 Gbps or 40 Gbps external modulated laser signal is transmitted through a standard single mode fiber (SSMF) followed by a dispersion compensation fiber (DCF) (postcompensation). Due to cross-phase modulation, four-wave mixing and self-phase modulation crosstalk which influences the optimum length of the DCF can be detected. The filter bandwidth and length of the DCF have been optimized for various signal powers and two different data-rates.
It turned out that the influence of different non-linear effects on the system performance can be partly reduced by optimized dispersion management (undercompensation). It is shown that the optimum length of the DCF is independent of the signal bandwidth. The simulation reasons the maximum launched power per channel and the optimum filter bandwidth for 40 Gbps transmission systems. Real measurements on optical components and networks agree with our simulation results.
This paper describes a novel and efficient method for parameter extraction and characterization of Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA). In DWDM systems gain and noise behavior of EDFAs depend on the number and distribution of transmission channels. Hence, characterization of EDFAs for reliability evaluations requires a costly measurement setup of up to 80 or even more wavelength selected laser sources. Our novel method uses photonic transmission simulation to drastically reduce the measuring efforts. Using only a few characteristic measurements with one tunable laser, the gain and noise behavior of amplifiers can be simulated for any number and distribution of transmission channels in DWDM systems. The simulation of the photonic transmission is based on the commercial simulation package WDMTransmissionMaker by VPI systems. We utilize black-box models for fiber amplifiers which can take into account all linear optical effects like e.g. gain-flattening filters or dynamic gain equalizers. The predictions of the simulations for different single-stage as well as double-stage amplifiers comply with the experiments within the measurement accuracies and help to understand new up-coming optical amplifier technologies and to ensure more reliable optical system designs. The measuring effort for qualification and reliability evaluations can be significantly reduced by using the novel characterization method.
The technology of tomorrow's telecommunication networks will be flexible, scalable and integrated. In addition, there is a visible trend towards purely optical networking to avoid costly electronic regeneration. The move towards optical networking drives the development of new optical components to exceed current technical and physical boundaries. These new optical components include Photonic Optical Cross-connects (PXC) and Tuneable Lasers (TL), which can be realized by Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) based technology. MEMS technology allows the integration of optical switches with very high density. At the same time introducing MEMS technology is a step back from having no moving parts to mechanics. The trade-off between the risks and the advantages must be addressed. Typical optical requirements for the function of MEMS based technologies are introduced, and a strategy to prove the reliability is shown.
Conference Committee Involvement (1)
Optical Metro Networks and Short-Haul Systems V
5 February 2013 | San Francisco, California, United States
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