Mr. Henning Fourie Profile

Henning Fourie

at HENSOLDT Optronics Pty Ltd

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Proceedings Article | 14 May 2019 Paper

SWIR sensor "see-spot" modelling and analysis

Tristan Goss, Henning Fourie, Johan Viljoen

Proceedings Volume 11001, 1100105 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2518923

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Short wave infrared radiation, Electrons, Pulsed laser operation, Laser range finders, Performance modeling, Transmitters, Optical sensors, Photons, Radiometry

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The reduced Rayleigh scattering of SWIR radiation, when compared to the visible and NIR band, can be exploited to obtain higher contrast images even under challenging atmospheric conditions. Additionally the SWIR band neatly covers the most popular wavelengths used for laser designation and ranging, and hence SWIR imagers can be used to target and detect these sources. A SWIR sensor can also be used in night vision applications by taking advantage of an atmospheric phenomenon called night sky radiance (or night glow) that emits five to seven times more illumination than starlight, nearly all of it in the SWIR wavelengths. This paper presents a radiometry model intended for the design and analysis of a SWIR imaging sensor that is expanded to included night-time scenarios and laser “see-spot” range performance. The model is also adapted for input variable compliance with the industry standard NV-IPM range performance model, thereby enabling cross-correlation between the range performance predictions of the two models’ results. Some SWIR sensor design examples that trade off the imaging range performance and the “see-spot” range performance are presented, and the results are discussed.

Proceedings Article | 24 January 2019 Paper

SWIR sensor design considerations

Tristan Goss, Henning Fourie, Johan Viljoen

Proceedings Volume 11043, 110430B (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2501317

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Short wave infrared radiation, Electrons, Modulation transfer functions, Indium gallium arsenide, Signal to noise ratio, Performance modeling, Sensor performance, Atmospheric modeling, Photons

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With the emergence of Shortwave Infrared (SWIR) InGaAs detector arrays, designers of electro-optical imaging systems can take advantage of the reduced Rayleigh scattering of the SWIR band when compared to visible, resulting in higher contrast images through haze, mist, rain, fog and challenging atmospheric conditions. Furthermore, from a military standpoint, SWIR is invisible to the human eye, thus enabling covert operations and is a good choice for targeting with laser rangefinders and designators that transmits between 1060 nm and 1570 nm. A SWIR sensor can also be used in night vision applications taking advantage of an atmospheric phenomenon called night sky radiance (or night glow) that emits five to seven times more illumination than starlight, nearly all of it in the SWIR wavelengths. In a typical airborne application a sensor’s performance is mechanically constrained by the space/volume available and the aperture size limit. This paper describes a model based trade-off methodology to select the optimal Field of View (FOV) for an aperture limited SWIR sensor. This method balances the influences FOV has on sensitivity and resolution. The SWIR sensor’s performance is optimized within mechanical constraints and for the intended application scenarios. In the SWIR band the analysis is expanded to include night time scenarios and laser “see-spot” performance. This model is also adapted for input variable compliance with the industry standard NV-IPM range performance model1 enabling cross-correlation between the two model’s results. An example of a SWIR sensor analysis applying this design model is presented, highlighting the performance advantages that can be gained by maximizing the aperture utilization and choosing the optimal FOV for an imaging sensor when used in airborne targeting applications.

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