The theory and application of RGB-LED based mixed-color illumination system for use in machine vision and optical microscopy systems are presented. For machine vision system, relationship of various color sources and output image sharpness is discussed. From the viewpoint of gray scale images, evaluation and optimization methods of optimal illumination for machine vision are concluded. The image quality under monochromatic and mixed color illumination is compared. For optical microscopy system, demand of light source is introduced and design thoughts of RGB-LED based mixed-color illumination system are concluded. The problems need to be solved in this field are pointed out.
Fabrication and testing of optical elements with precision up to lambda/100 or freeform optics for high-end products are
always a challenge. By incorporating special process chains and self-developed metrology equipments, optics of various
materials can be made at Zeiss with excellent shapes and finishes. This is demonstrated by CaF2 and fused silica optics.
ASPHERO5 is a funded research project (project prime: Schneider OpticalMachines) with the goal of economic fabrication of high precision aspheres. The research is concentrated on the classical process chain consisting of grinding and polishing. The mid spatial artefacts are one of the limiting factors for grinding, whereas for polishing the variation of the local removal rate depends on the local curvature. In this paper first results of minimizing mid spatial artefacts for the grinding step and analyzing local removal rates for the polishing step are reported. Based on the results of our research, aspheres with local radii from 200 mm to 10 mm are polished to 25 nm rms final surface error. Nevertheless, to perform the different process steps in an economic way is still a challenge.
Different applications of aspheric optics and their related fabrication methods are firstly summarized and then discussed using Carl Zeiss examples. This is done in order to highlight the potential and challenges of fabricating aspheric optics. The need to stimulate new ideas for extending manufacturing capabilities, process improvements and new fabrication technologies will also be outlined.
In this paper, the dynamic emission spectra of high- frequency pulsed laser diodes have been studied in order to investigate the spectral stability of each laser pulse and to examine the influence of the HF-pulsed laser diode's mode hopping and frequency jitter on the interferential fringe system in LDA applications. It has been shown that, by choosing appropriate operating points, a HF-pulsed laser diode can be operated to have optical characteristics such as mono-mode emission, a stable wavelength from pulse to pulse and high optical output peak power. The selection of optimal operating points for LDA applications may be not required if semiconductor lasers with periodically structured laser resonators of for example the distributed- feedback type or the distributed-Bragg-reflector are used.
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