Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is considered as the gold standard for nucleic acid detection, but the employed Peltier block also make commercial PCR system bulky, time and energy consumable. Photonic PCR can be a good candidate for replacing the traditional heating strategy because of its excellent photothermal properties. Bifunctional plasmonic magnetic nanoparticles (PMNs) combined the photothermal and magnetic properties, endowing it excellent potential in photonic PCR. PMNs are prepared by gold coating outside the magnetic core, which can be used as the nanoheater for heating PCR solution to 90°C in several seconds upon the irradiation of infra-red light. After PCR, the PMNs can be separated by magnet easily from solution for reducing fluorescence quenching. Furthermore, our PPT-RTPCR platform based on the photothermal effect of PMNs for RNA detection shows limit of detection (LOD) as low as 1.05 copies/μL, which is comparable with the reference commercial PCR at 0.92 copies/μL.
Bifunctional nanoparticle of combining magnetic and plasmonic nanomaterials retain both unique properties, contributing to the high photothermal performance, excellent biocompatibility, physiological stability, low cytotoxicity and easy separation. Herein, we report a core-shell plasmonic magnetic nanostructure (PMNs), then introduce the plasmonic photothermal polymerase chain reaction (PPT-PCR) platform for fast, sensitive, cheap, and simple nucleic acid detection based on PMNs. Magnetic nanoparticles can be synthesized by solvothermal reaction. PMNs can be prepared after Au coating on the magnetic core, which can act as nanoheater and heat solution to 95°C in several seconds upon infra-red (IR) light irradiation, and can be collected by magnet easily. Furthermore, our platforms utilize ultrafast PCR amplification based on the photothermal effect of plasmonic magnetic nanoparticles for molecular diagnostics through two modes, including in-situ end-point quantitative fluorescence detection (PPT-qPCR) and colorimetric assay (PPT-cPCR), having comparable limit of detection (LOD) on DNA targets.
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