We study the characteristics of nano-optical antenna made of two gold nano-particles by three dimensional numerical
calculations at visible and near infrared band. To carry the computational burden and guarantee the precision and speed
of a 3D FDTD calculation, adaptive mesh refinement technology is used. We first highlight the concrete way of
controlling over the emitter position to fulfill the requirements of larger spontaneous emission enhancement. By exciting
the resonance of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), we find that the far field directivity is strongly influenced and obtain
around 5000-fold spontaneous emission enhancement. Choosing the incident wavelength of 600nm, we compute the
decay rates and radiant efficiency as a function of antenna geometry limitations, showing the particle with an aspect ratio
of L/R=4 is best for enhancing spontaneous emission. Furthermore, we proceed a spectrum analysis and find an exact
relationship between the particle length and resonant wavelength.
We study the contribution of Surface-plasmons coupling with a single dipole to enhance the emitter emission. When the
Ag film is inserted into GaN, the emission efficiency of single dipole in GaN can be enhanced greatly. With 3D-FDTD
method, the numerical simulation results demonstrate that the SPs play a key role in enhancement light emitter efficiency.
Furthermore, SPs is sensitive not only to the thickness and refractive index of dielectric, but also to the geometry and
dispersion model of Ag film. By changing the parameters of GaN and Ag film, the location of the enhancement peak of
the emission efficiency in the visible region can be controlled. According to the simply optimal parameters, about 9
times enhancement at 470nm occurs. Our results are of very importance for improving the light-emitting devices of GaN.
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