KEYWORDS: Digital watermarking, Signal detection, Linear filtering, Sensors, Interference (communication), Electronic filtering, Denoising, Signal generators, Error analysis, Statistical analysis
Spread-spectrum watermarking scheme adds random noise w into the host signal x to generate watermarked signal s. Blind detector computes inner product or its variants and decides embedded bits by its sign of the inner product. Such detection method is not robust due to high false-positive or false-negative rate. This paper introduces a novel method to reduce detection errors considerably by excluding outliers in the signal. Stable and robust definition of outlier is adopted. Informed watermarking scheme for spread-spectrum is exploited to reduce false-positive and false-negative errors. Such detectors can also enhance detection rate in other watermarking schemes.
KEYWORDS: Digital watermarking, Error analysis, Image processing, Detection and tracking algorithms, Signal to noise ratio, Image compression, Signal detection, Computer simulations, Interference (communication), Image quality
Time-domain and frequency-domain spreading algorithms are presented in this paper. However, detection algorithm does not rely on correlation method, but based on patchwork method. Time-domain algorithm can survive translation and clipping attacks. Frequency-domain algorithm is robust against compression attack. Embedding and detection functions are presented. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the algorithms.
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