In Mediterranean ecosystems the climate change causes the rising of the temperature and therefore the risk of forest fires is increased. A large proportion of the forests destroyed each year, could be saved with a forest fire detection system. Time is critical for saving people, animals, and the environment. Time is crucial and every minute matters in the event of a fire. A faster response means that many fires can be extinguished before they spread and cause more extensive damages. Thanks to technology development, improved systems of remote sensing for forest fires are created and implemented, reducing detection time, the estimated location of the fires break out. The key element in these systems is the performance in real time of the various moving features, such as vehicles, personnel, and even the fronts of the fires. The aim of the paper is the choice of appropriate early fire detection system for the first intervention and the determination of the required fire lookout stations and firefighting intervention units. International literature was investigated to find out the appropriate fire detection sensor. An analysis of observation was done by command ARCMAP (Viewshed). The observation from the height of the tower and the detection of smoke from a height of five meters, determined the observation rate of the area and the location of the sensor. In the research area are specified the positions of fire lookout stations with the help of DTM and GIS as well as the necessary vehicles and personnel for immediate first intervention.
KEYWORDS: Climatology, Climate change, Air temperature, Rain, Relative humidity, Wind speed, Temperature metrology, Linear regression, Environmental sensing, Biological research
The Mediterranean biogeographical region is considered particularly vulnerable to climate change. This is due to the sensitivity of natural and social systems to drought as well as the observed trend of rising temperatures that strongly affects several vital economic sectors such as tourism. The impact of climate change on tourist areas in Greece is expected to vary by region based on certain scenarios. The purpose of this research is to investigate the way in which various bioclimatic and socio-economic indicators are related to the tourist flow in the island of Lefkada. The analysis of the climatic data showed us that the climate of the island shows a stability in the period 2002-2019. Bioclimatic indices did not show a statistically significant correlation with the tourist flow except for the thermal comfort index (SSI, Summer Simmer Index) in contrast to the economic indicators. The SSI and the Human Development Index (HDI) showed the strongest correlation with the tourist flow. In addition, the HDI index appears to be contributing to the SSI but has a stronger linear relationship with tourism flow. The application of a multiple linear regression model using SSI and HDI shows that their changes can affect the flow of tourists by 15% and 20%, respectively.
This paper aims at the study of the timeless changes in land use of the area of Anthousa. Its vegetation belongs to the Olea-Ceratonion area and consists mainly of pine forests and brushwood, as well as of cultivated vineyards and moreover of broadleaf, fruitful and ornamental trees. As far as is concerned, the area is a refuge for smaller members of the Mediterranean fauna. It is a growing city, keeping its air clean of pollutants, as it is built at the foot of Mount Pendelikon, in an altitude of 332 meters and 15 kilometers far from Athens center and 2 kilometers far from Pallini. It belongs to the Athens conurbation. The extent of the community amounts to 3.9 km2 . In order to investigate the changes that took place over the last decades in the region, the remote sensing method was used in conjunction with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for the processing of the satellite images, as well as a study of the historical and socioeconomic development of the area. After an analysis of all the natural and anthropogenic factors that contributed to the formation and change of the land use and land cover of the area, useful conclusions were made indicating the degradation of the forest ecosystems and wooded land in transitional forest-bushy areas due to successive fires that have plagued the area, as well as the gradual development of the industrial and residential activity, which has led to an upward population development in the region.
The term sustainable development indicates a policy for continued economic and social development without destroying the environment and natural resources, but instead ensures their rational viability. The Treaty on European Union is defined as “respecting the environment development”, i.e. one that “ensures the environmental viability”. Sustainable development of semi mountainous forest regions supports an increase in economic investments in order to profit the residents of region, without however having drastic negative influences on the natural environment. Green Infrastructure (GI) can be broadly defined as a strategically planned network of high quality natural and semi-natural areas with other environmental features, which is designed and managed to deliver a wide range of ecosystem services and protect biodiversity. The objective of this study is the specification of strategic directions for an integrated development of semi mountainous forest areas through global measures in relation to zoning policies and proposals regarding specialized production activities, according to a proper typology that characterizes the differentiation of regional problems, needs, and perspectives. The sustainable development of these areas of Greece targets regional and social cohesion in the framework of especial strategic targets. Any development plan addresses the specific development physiognomy of the region for which drawn. Particularly for vulnerable and sensitive semi mountainous forest areas, integrated development is not only necessary but also feasible. The integration capabilities of modern methods and techniques and GIS to establish the necessary infrastructure integrated measurement and qualitative information on such areas can be a very important tool for developing credible land.
Integrated sustainable development of mountainous regions has as objective to increase the economic investments to profit of residents of region, without however it influences drastic the natural environment. Green Infrastructure (GI) can be broadly defined as a strategically planned network of high quality natural and semi-natural areas with other environmental features, which is designed and managed to deliver a wide range of ecosystem services and protect biodiversity. More specifically GI, being a spatial structure providing benefits from nature to people, aims to enhance nature’s ability to deliver multiple valuable ecosystem goods and services in perpetuity, such as timber, clean air or water. Above all, GI offers us a smart, integrated way of managing and development the natural capital. Aim of the paper is to indicate manners of integrated sustainable development with direct priority the conservation of natural environment in conjunction with the sustainable rural development. As research area is chosen the public forest complex of Ano Rou Mornou of Fokida Prefecture a typical example of a multifunctional GI one that can combine forestry, farming, housing, as well as tourism and recreational activities in the same space whilst at the same time keeping our freshwater systems clean, our air healthy and our wildlife safe. Advantages of registration in the form of a spatial tool, especially when many types of information participate, are presented and give us a visual potential of how can forest operation and ecosystem services can be create a large multi-functional landscape.
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