KEYWORDS: Control systems, Field programmable gate arrays, Device simulation, Data acquisition, MATLAB, Signal detection, Analog electronics, System identification, Digital signal processing, Telecommunications
A digital control, as the main part of the Low Level RF system, for superconducting cavities of a linear accelerator is
presented. The FPGA based controller, supported by MATLAB system, was developed to investigate a novel firmware
implementation. The complex control algorithm based on the non-linear system identification is the proposal verified by
the preliminary experimental results. The general idea is implemented as the Multi-Cavity Complex Controller (MCC)
and is still under development. The FPGA based controller executes procedure according to the prearranged control
tables: Feed-Forward, Set-Point and Corrector unit, to fulfill the required cavity performance: driving in the resonance
during filling and field stabilization for the flattop range. Adaptive control algorithm is applied for the feed-forward and
feedback modes. The vector Simulator table has been introduced for an efficient verification of the FPGA controller
structure. Experimental results of the internal simulation, are presented for a cavity representative condition.
KEYWORDS: MATLAB, Control systems, Free electron lasers, Field programmable gate arrays, Embedded systems, Digital signal processing, Electromagnetism, Superconductors, Niobium, Microwave radiation
The low level RF control system (LLRF) of FEL serves for stabilization of the electromagnetic (EM) field in the
superconducting niobium, resonant, microwave cavities and for controlling high power (MW) klystron. LLRF system of
FLASH accelerator bases on FPGA technology and embedded microprocessors. Basic and auxiliary functions of the
systems are listed as well as used algorithms for superconductive cavity parameters identification. These algorithms were
prepared originally in Matlab. The main part of the paper presents implementation of the cavity parameters identification
algorithm in a PowerPC processor embedded in the FPGA circuit VirtexIIPro. A construction of a very compact Matlab
script converter to C code was presented, referred to as M2C. The application is designed specifically for embedded
systems of very confined resources. The generated code is optimized for the weight. The code should be transferable
between different hardware platforms. The converter generates a code for Linux and for stand-alone applications.
Functional structure of the program was described and the way it is acting. FLEX and BIZON tools were used for
construction of the converter. The paper concludes with an example of the M2C application to convert a complex
identification algorithm for superconductive cavities in FLASH laser.
KEYWORDS: Field programmable gate arrays, Digital signal processing, Control systems, Solar concentrators, Optoelectronics, Transceivers, Connectors, Clocks, Power supplies, Control systems design
The paper presents an idea, design and realization of a gigabit, optoelectronic synchronous massive data concentrator for the LLRF control system for FLASH and XFEL superconducting accelerators and lasers. The design bases on a central, large, programmable FPGA VirtexIIPro circuit by Xilinx and on eight commercial optoelectronic transceivers. There were implemented peripheral devices for embedded PowerPC block like: memory and Ethernet. The SIMCON 4.0 module was realized as a single, standard EURO-6HE board with VXI/VME-bus. Hardware implementation was described for the most important functional blocks. Construction solutions were presented.
KEYWORDS: Field programmable gate arrays, Logic, System on a chip, Embedded systems, Operating systems, Particle accelerators, Free electron lasers, Computer programming languages, Computer programming, Telecommunications
FPGA devices are often used in High Energy Physics and accelerator technology experiments, where the highest technologies are needed. To make FPGA based systems more flexible, common technique is to provide SoC (System on a Chip) solution in the FPGA, which is in most cases a CPU unit. Such a combination gives possibility to balance between hardware and software implementation of particular task. SoC solution on FPGA can be very flexible, because in simplest cases no additional hardware is needed to run programs on CPU, and when system has such devices like UART, SDRAM memory, mass storage and network interface, it can handle full featured operating system such as Linux or VxWorks. Embedded process can be set up in different configurations, depending on the available resources on board, so every user can adjust system to his own needs. Embedded systems can be also used to perform partial self-reconfiguration of FPGA logic of the chip, on which the system is running. This paper will also present some results on SoC implementations in a Low Level RF system under design for the VUV Free Electron Laser, FLASH, DESY, Hamburg.
KEYWORDS: MATLAB, Field programmable gate arrays, Control systems, Algorithm development, Device simulation, Digital signal processing, Interfaces, Computer simulations, Telecommunications, Control systems design
The paper describes the concept and realization of the DOOCS control software for FPGA-based TESLA cavity controller and simulator (SIMCON). It bases on universal software components, created for laboratory purposes and used in MATLAB based control environment. These modules have been recently adapted to the DOOCS environment to ensure a unified software to hardware communication model. The presented solution can be also used as a general platform for control algorithms development. The proposed interfaces between MATLAB and DOOCS modules allow to check the developed algorithm in the operation environment before implementation in the FPGA. As the examples two systems have been presented.
KEYWORDS: Field programmable gate arrays, MATLAB, Control systems, Free electron lasers, Human-machine interfaces, Computing systems, Data modeling, Chlorine, Chemical elements, Computer architecture
The paper describes design and practical realization of low and high level software for laboratory purposes to control FPGA-based LLRF electronic equipment for TESLA. There is presented a universal solution for particular functional devices of the control system with FPGA chips. The paper describes architecture of software layers and programming solutions of hardware communication based on the proprietary Internal Interface (II) technology. Such a solution was used for the Superconducting Cavity Controller and Simulator (SIMCON) for TESLA experiment (Test Facility) in DESY. The examples of the build and tested software blocks were given in this paper. This documentation is a unity with TESLA Reports published in 2004 by the Elhep and describing the SIMCON hardware, ver.2.0. The paper was written in a form of a User's Manual.
The paper describes design and practical realization of low and high level software for laboratory purposes to control FPGA-based LLRF electronic equipment for TESLA. There is presented a universal solution for particular functional devices of the control system with FPGA chips. The paper describes architecture of software layers and programming solutions of hardware communication based on the proprietary Internal Interface (II) technology. Such a solution was used for the Superconducting Cavity Controller and Simulator (SIMCON) for TESLA experiment (Test Facility) in DESY. The examples of the build and tested software blocks were given in this paper. This documentation is a unity with TESLA Reports published in 2004 by the Elhep and describing the SIMCON hardware, ver.2.0. The paper was
written in a form of a User's Manual.
KEYWORDS: MATLAB, Device simulation, Field programmable gate arrays, Control systems, Algorithm development, Data communications, Systems modeling, Interfaces, Safety, Digital signal processing
The paper describes the concept and realization of the DOOCS control software for FPGA-based TESLA cavity controller and simulator (SIMCON). It bases on universal software components, created for laboratory purposes and used in MATLAB based control environment. These modules have been recently adapted to the DOOCS environment to ensure a unified software to hardware communication model. The presented solution can be also used as a general platform for control algorithms development. The proposed interfaces between MATLAB and DOOCS modules allow to check the developed algorithm in the operation environment before implementation in the FPGA. As the examples two systems have been presented.
The MOSIX Cluster project is an attempt to build a full functional cluster machine which consists of many different PC stations. The idea is to create a general purpose structure, which will be used for many different projects and calculations. Our machine is a heterogeneous system (consists of nodes with many different architectures), which makes it very interesting during the testing phase. It is tested with OBCA tasks, which need quick connection between nodes and often make such operations like reading and writing to disk. Many comparisons of efficiency are made during testing and
calculations.
This document describes aspects of creating software for communication with hardware, especially with FPGA based systems. Features unique for FPGA systems are compared with features of the traditional electronic systems. There are discussed topics like hardware interface definition, or address space description. Connecting client application is shown with Matlab as an example. Solutions with FPGA and embedded processors are discussed.
FPGA based cavity simulator and controller is the next generation control system dedicated for high performance, low latency control algorithm development and implementation. The usage of FPGA technology gives users possibility to create many devices on one board and easy exchange, modify or improve VHDL programmed algorithms. In order to provide the full functionality of the system to the user, and meet the requirements of flexibility and extensibility, an appropriate control software is needed. This paper describes the idea and implementation of control environment dedicated for FPGA based devices. As an example of implementation, two control environments have been implemented; the laboratory software based on Matlab, and the application for accelerator operation using DOOCS environment.
The paper describes design and practical realization of software for laboratory purposes to control FPGA-based photonic and electronic equipment. There is presented a universal solution for all relevant devices with FPGA chips and gigabit optical links. The paper describes architecture of the software layers and program solutions of hardware communication based on Internal Interface (II) technology. Such a solution was used for superconducting Cavity Controller and Simulator (SIMCON) for the TESLA experiment in DESY (Hamburg). A number of practical examples of the software solutions for the SIMCON system were given in this paper.
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