KEYWORDS: 3D modeling, Photoacoustic tomography, Model-based design, Image restoration, Data modeling, 3D image reconstruction, Reconstruction algorithms, Tissues, Acoustics, Monte Carlo methods
Three-dimensional quantitative photoacoustic tomography (3D-QPAT) aims to recover tissue chromophore concentrations from multispectral images but is often hampered by the unknown light fluence and the transfer function of the scanner. Inversion schemes that use hybrid light transport and acoustic propagation models may be used to address this challenge. While model-based inversions have shown promising results in in silico and tissue phantom studies, limitations in accuracy arose from limited view artefacts. This study evaluated reconstruction methods such as time-reversal, maximum a posteriori, iterative least square and total variation to improve the accuracy of 3D-QPAT inversion techniques.
A high resolution all optical 3D photoacoustic scanner for superficial vascular imaging has been employed in a pilot study on patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD). The system can reliably produce high quality in-vivo photoacoustic images and is well tolerated by patients. The scanner can visualise the irregular vascular patterns in patients. In addition, by comparing the microvasculature of healthy volunteers and participants with CLTI we have demonstrated significant differences in the tortuosity, vessel size and vascular density between the 2 groups. The ability to visualise the lower limb microvasculature in detail in this way could be used to study small vessel-PAD linked to diseases such as diabetes with a view to informing diagnosis and treatment decision making.
KEYWORDS: 3D scanning, 3D image processing, Laser scanners, Stereoscopy, Photoacoustic spectroscopy, Imaging systems, 3D acquisition, Visualization, Optical scanning systems, Video
A 3D high resolution Fabry Perot photoacoustic scanner has been developed for clinical use. The system now employs a novel 64-channel optical scanning architecture and compressed sensing methods providing up to three orders of magnitude faster acquisition than previous pre-clinical embodiments. To demonstrate the rapid, high quality volumetric imaging capabilities, and the versatility of the scanner, images from different regions of the body that are known to exhibit distinctive vascular anatomy were acquired using healthy volunteers as participants. In addition, to illustrate potential clinical applicability, imaging studies of patients suffering from diseases characterised by abnormal vascular anatomy were conducted.
The limited view of a planar detector array results in artefacts in the reconstructed images. To address this, iterative image reconstruction methods have been proposed. However, there remains a need for a rigorous assessment of their performance in terms of artefact reduction, small structure detection, spatial resolution and robustness to noise. Additionally, an understanding of the impact of regularisation parameters on image fidelity and SNR as a function of the target geometry and instrument noise is required. The aim of this study is to explore these factors and advance the practical application of iterative reconstruction methods for in vivo images acquired using a planar detection geometry.
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