The full characterisation of a fibre's sensitivity to high power damage is time consuming and expensive. The fibre's initial equilibrium temperature under bending is a practical metric that can be used to mitigate the risk of damage by keeping this temperature below that which causes accelerated ageing of the coating. Modelling of the temperature distribution can be used to filter fibre and coating designs before proceeding with more expensive experimental evaluation. The inclusion of stress terms that modify the refractive index in the BPM analysis of bend loss enables the bend loss to be modelled more accurately. This together with the appropriate thermal boundary conditions on the fibre surface substantially improves the accuracy of computing the temperature distribution within the coatings of a bent fibre.
Experiments to determine the effects of exposure to ionizing radiation and hydrogen on erbium fibers and erbium fiber amplifiers are described. A preliminary assignment of the radiation induced losses to components of the fiber composition is made. Both reversible and long term losses resulting from hydrogen permeation have been observed. As in other types of fibers, the presence of hydrogen modifies the response to radiation.
An optical fibre cable system is subject to a number of environmental factors which must be considered in order to guarantee survivability over a planned lifetime of typically 25 years. This is particularly true for submarine cables, where the drive to maximise the separation between repeaters is squeezing the operating margin and where the cost of shipboard repair is very high. This paper considers the factors which may limit the life of the optical fibre. These include mechanisms which cause the fibre attenuation to change and failure due to static fatigue.
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