Dr. Kanwarpal Singh Profile

Dr. Kanwarpal Singh

at Max-Planck-Institut für die Physik des Lichts

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Author

Publications (20)

Proceedings Article | 13 March 2024 Presentation

Optical coherence tomography assisted motion-corrected Brillouin microscopy of skin in vivo

Maria Romodina, Kanwarpal Singh

Proceedings Volume PC12844, PC128440M (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3001483

KEYWORDS: Skin, Optical coherence tomography, Microscopy, In vivo imaging, Elasticity, Diseases and disorders, Tissues, Spectroscopy, Optical tracking, Optical microscopy

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Proceedings Article | 13 March 2024 Presentation

Motion artifact free single shot two-beam optical coherence elastography system

Asha Parmar, Kanwarpal Singh

Proceedings Volume PC12844, PC128440U (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2692096

KEYWORDS: Tissues, Optical coherence, Elastography, Acoustic waves, Biological samples, Skin, Transducers, Tissue optics, Reflection, Prisms

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SPIE Journal Paper | 22 February 2024 Open Access

Motion-artifact-free single shot two-beam optical coherence elastography system

Asha Parmar, Kanwarpal Singh

JBO, Vol. 29, Issue 02, 025003, (February 2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JBO.29.2.025003

KEYWORDS: Tissues, Biological samples, Skin, Optical coherence, Phase velocity, Phase measurement, Motion measurement, Elastography, Optical coherence tomography, Transducers

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Proceedings Article | 11 August 2023 Paper

Depth encoded cross-polarized optical coherence tomography with polarization maintaining fiber

Maria Romodina, Katharina Blessing, Kanwarpal Singh

Proceedings Volume 12632, 126321Y (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2668368

KEYWORDS: Optical coherence tomography, Polarization maintaining fibers, Optical encoders, Endoscopy, Tissues, Imaging systems, Collagen, Cancer, Optical components, In vivo imaging

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Proceedings Article | 11 January 2023 Presentation

Imaging of human palatine tonsil with cross-polarized optical coherence tomography

Asha Parmar, Gargi Sharma, Kanwarpal Singh

Proceedings Volume 12333, 1233305 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2644779

KEYWORDS: Optical coherence tomography, Tissue optics, Polarization, Pathogens, Defense systems, Imaging systems, Image resolution, Tissues, Lymphatic system, Connective tissue

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Proceedings Article | 7 March 2022 Presentation

Feasibility and safety of tethered capsule endomicroscopy in studying the natural history of Barrett’s esophagus: a multi-center study

Jing Dong, Catriona Grant, Barry Vuong, Norman Nishioka, Anna Huizi Gao, Matthew Beatty, Grace Baldwin, Aaron Bailargeon, Ara Bablouzian, Patricia Grahmann, Nitasha G. Bhat, Emily Ryan, Amilcar Barrios, Paola Leon Alarcon, Sarah Giddings, Tim Ford, Émilie Beaulieu-Ouellet, Seyed Hamid Hosseiny, Irene Lerman, Wolfgang Trasischker, Rohith Reddy, Kanwarpal Singh, Michalina Gora, Daryl Hyun, Lucille Quénéhervé, Michael Wallace, Wolfsen Herbert, Prateek Sharma, Kenneth Wang, Cadman Leggett, John Poneros, Julian Abrams, Charles Lightdale, Samantha Leeds, Mireille Rosenberg, Guillermo Tearney

Proceedings Volume PC11937, PC119370N (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2610595

KEYWORDS: Esophagus, Optical coherence tomography, Endoscopy, Endomicroscopy, Safety, Tissues, Imaging systems, Biopsy, Diagnostics, Yield improvement

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Proceedings Article | 7 December 2021 Paper

Smartphone-based multimodal tethered capsule endoscopic platform for white-light, narrow-band, and fluorescence/autofluorescence imaging

Gargi Sharma, Oana-Maria Thoma, Katharina Blessing, Robert Gall, Maximilian Waldner, Kanwarpal Singh

Proceedings Volume 11919, 119190D (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2614464

KEYWORDS: Endoscopy, Endoscopes, Cameras, Light emitting diodes, Esophagus, Video processing, Tongue, Multimode fibers, Medicine, Light sources

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Proceedings Article | 7 December 2021 Paper

Chromatic dispersion-based wide-band, fiber-coupled, tunable light source for hyperspectral imaging

Gargi Sharma, Sheeza Kainat Naveed, Asha Parmar, Kanwarpal Singh

Proceedings Volume 11922, 119221D (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2615809

KEYWORDS: Dispersion, Light sources, Hyperspectral imaging, Tunable filters, Ovary, Connective tissue, Chromophores, Bandpass filters, Tissues, Spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 5 March 2021 Poster

Novel input polarisation independent endoscopic cross-polarised optical coherence tomography

Katharina Blessing, Judith Schirmer, Gargi Scharma, Kanwarpal Singh

Proceedings Volume 11620, 116200I (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2577751

KEYWORDS: Polarization, Optical coherence tomography, Endoscopy, Tissues, Imaging systems, Visualization, Single mode fibers, Polarization control, Free space optics, Free space

Proceedings Article | 4 March 2019 Presentation

Natural history of Barrett’s esophagus using tethered capsule OCT endomicroscopy and portable OCT imaging system: initial experience (Conference Presentation)

Jing Dong, Barry Vuong, Timothy Ford, Matthew Beatty, Seyed Hamid Hosseiny, Emilie Beaulieu-Ouellet, Rohith Reddy, Kanwarpal Singh, Hany Osman, Catriona Grant, Anna Huizi Gao, Samantha Leeds, Norman Nishioka, John Poneros, Julian Abrams, Charles Lightdale, Prateek Sharma, Michael Wallace, Herbert Wolfsen, Kenneth Wang, Cadman Leggett, Mireille Rosenberg, Guillermo Tearney

Proceedings Volume 10867, 108670T (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2511523

KEYWORDS: Optical coherence tomography, Esophagus, Imaging systems, Endomicroscopy, Endoscopy, Biopsy, 3D image processing, Clinical trials, Image resolution, Tissues

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While the most common method used to evaluate and survey patients with Barrett’s Esophagus (BE) is endoscopic biopsy, this procedure is invasive, time-consuming, and suffers from sampling errors. Moreover, it requires patient sedation that increases cost and mandates its operation in specialized settings. Our lab has developed a new imaging tool termed tethered capsule endomicroscopy (TCE) that involves swallowing a tethered capsule which utilizes optical coherence tomography (OCT) to obtain three-dimensional microscopic (10µm) images of the entire esophageal wall as it traverses the luminal organ via peristalsis or is retrieved by pulling up tether. As opposed to endoscopy, TCE procedure is non-invasive, doesn’t require patient sedation and mitigates sampling error by evaluating the microscopic structure of the entire esophagus. The merits of TCE make it a suitable device to investigate the microscopic natural history of BE in a longitudinal manner. Here, we present our initial experience of a multicenter (5-site) clinical trial to study the microscopic natural history of BE. The TCE device used for the study is the new generation capsule with the ball lens optical configuration and a distal scan stepper motor, which provides 30µm (lateral) resolution and 40Hz imaging rate. The portable OCT imaging system is a custom in-house built swept source system and provides 7µm (axial) at a 100 kHz A-line rate with a center wavelength of ~1310 nm. To date, we have successfully enrolled 69 subjects at all sites (MGH: 33, Columbia University: 11, Kansas City VA: 10, Mayo Jacksonville: 8, Mayo Rochester: 7) and 59 have swallowed the capsule (85.5%). There have been no reported adverse events associated with TCE procedure. High-quality OCT images were reliably obtained from patients who swallowed the device, and BE tissues were identified by expert readers. Our initial experience with TCE in a multicenter study demonstrates that this technology is easy to use and efficient in multiple clinical settings. Completion of this longitudinal study is likely to provide new insights on the temporal progression of BE that may impact management strategies.

Proceedings Article | 14 March 2018 Presentation

Contrast enhancement of microscopic birefringent crystals using polarization sensitive micro-optical coherence tomography (Conference Presentation)

Gargi Sharma, Kanwarpal Singh, Kensuke Nishimiya, Joseph Gardecki, Guillermo Tearney

Proceedings Volume 10471, 104710X (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2295819

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Polarization, Tomography, Arteries, Image enhancement, Single mode fibers, Image contrast enhancement, Optical coherence tomography, Spectroscopy, Light sources

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Proceedings Article | 14 March 2018 Presentation

Optical coherence tomography-guided laser marking with tethered capsule endomicroscopy (Conference Presentation)

Chia-Pin Liang, Jing Dong, Timothy Ford, Rohith Reddy, Seyed Hamid Hosseiny Darbrazi, Hamid Farrokhi, Matthew Beatty, Kanwarpal Singh, Barry Vuong, Emilie Beaulieu-Ouellet, Catriona Grant, Sarah Giddings, Mireille Rosenberg, Norman Nishioka, Guillermo Tearney

Proceedings Volume 10470, 104700X (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2287843

KEYWORDS: Laser marking, Optical coherence tomography, Endomicroscopy, Endoscopy, Laser optics, Coherence (optics), Esophagus, Cancer, Surveillance, Diagnostics

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Proceedings Article | 14 March 2018 Presentation

Dispersion estimation and compensation in optical coherence tomography (Conference Presentation)

Kanwarpal Singh, Gargi Sharma, Biwei Yin, Guillermo Tearney

Proceedings Volume 10486, 104860M (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2291336

KEYWORDS: Optical coherence tomography, Light sources, Signal to noise ratio, Silica

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Proceedings Article | 14 March 2018 Presentation

Micro optical coherence tomography probe for high resolution imaging of the inner ear (Conference Presentation)

Gargi Sharma, Janani Iyer, Kanwarpal Singh, Guillermo Tearney

Proceedings Volume 10470, 104700K (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2294623

KEYWORDS: Image resolution, Ear, Optical coherence tomography, Sensors, Visualization, Pathology, Bone, Coherence (optics), Tomography, Imaging technologies

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Proceedings Article | 19 April 2017 Presentation

Imaging birefringent crystals using micro optical coherence tomography (Conference Presentation)

Gargi Sharma, Kanwarpal Singh, Joseph Gardecki, Guillermo Tearney

Proceedings Volume 10042, 100420L (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2253884

KEYWORDS: Crystal optics, Scattering, Crystals, Optical coherence tomography, Polarization, Arteries, Spectroscopy, Image resolution, Light scattering, Laser scattering

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Proceedings Article | 19 April 2017 Presentation

Common path endoscopic probes for optical coherence tomography (Conference Presentation)

Kanwarpal Singh, Joseph Gardecki, Guillermo Tearney

Proceedings Volume 10040, 100400U (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2252771

KEYWORDS: Gold, Optical coherence tomography, Reflectors, Arteries, Skin, Endoscopy, Polarization, Image quality, Signal generators, Fiber coatings

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Proceedings Article | 19 April 2017 Presentation

Extended depth of focus tethered capsule OCT endomicroscopy for upper gastrointestinal tract imaging (Conference Presentation)

Barry Vuong, Biwei Yin, Emilie Beaulieu-Ouellet, Chia Pin Liang, Matthew Beatty, Kanwarpal Singh, Jing Dong, Catriona Grant, Mireille Rosenberg, Guillermo Tearney

Proceedings Volume 10040, 100400N (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2252103

KEYWORDS: Photomedicine, Optical coherence tomography, Endoscopy, Tissue optics, Endomicroscopy, Esophagus, Image resolution, Tissues, Imaging devices, Optomechanical components

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Endoscopy, the current standard of care for the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, is not ideal as a screening tool because it is costly, necessitates a team of medically trained personnel, and typically requires that the patient be sedated. Endoscopy is also a superficial macroscopic imaging modality and therefore is unable to provide detailed information on subsurface microscopic structure that is required to render a precise tissue diagnosis. We have overcome these limitations through the development of an optical coherence tomography tethered capsule endomicroscopy (OCT-TCE) imaging device. The OCT-TCE device has a pill-like form factor with an optically clear wall to allow the contained opto-mechanical components to scan the OCT beam along the circumference of the esophagus. Once swallowed, the OCT-TCE device traverses the esophagus naturally via peristalsis and multiple cross-sectional OCT images are obtained at 30-40 μm lateral resolution by 7 μm axial resolution. While this spatial resolution enables differentiation of squamous vs columnar mucosa, crucial microstructural features such as goblet cells (~10 μm), which signify intestinal metaplasia in BE, and enlarged nuclei that are indicative of dysplasia cannot be resolved with the current OCT-TCE technology. In this work we demonstrate a novel design of a high lateral resolution OCT-TCE device with an extended depth of focus (EDOF). The EDOF is created by use of self-imaging wavefront division multiplexing that produces multiple focused modes at different depths into the sample. The overall size of the EDOF TCE is similar to that of the previous OCT-TCE device (~ 11 mm by 26 mm) but with a lateral resolution of ~ 8 μm over a depth range of ~ 2 mm. Preliminary esophageal and intestinal imaging using these EDOF optics demonstrates an improvement in the ability to resolve tissue morphology including individual glands and cells. These results suggest that the use of EDOF optics may be a promising avenue for increasing the accuracy of OCT-TCE for the diagnosis of upper GI diseases.

Proceedings Article | 27 April 2016 Presentation

Flexible micro-OCT endobronchial probe for imaging of mucociliary transport (Conference Presentation)

Dongyao Cui, Kengyeh Chu, Carolin Unglert, Tim Ford, Robert Carruth, Daryl Hyun, Kanwarpal Singh, Susan Birket, George Solomon, Steve Rowe, Guillermo Tearney

Proceedings Volume 9691, 969107 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2213057

KEYWORDS: Visualization, Cystic fibrosis, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Pathogens, In vivo imaging, Photomedicine, Imaging systems, Particles, Lung, Liquids

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Mucociliary clearance (MCC) plays a significant role in maintaining the health of human respiratory system by eliminating foreign particles trapped within mucus. Failure of this mechanism in diseases such as cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) leads to airway blockage and lung infection, causing morbidity and mortality. The volume of airway mucus and the periciliary liquid encapsulating the cilia, in addition to ciliary beat frequency and velocity of mucociliary transport, are vital parameters of airway health. However, the diagnosis of disease pathogenesis and advances of novel therapeutics are hindered by the lack of tools for visualization of ciliary function in vivo. Our laboratory has previously developed a 1-µm resolution optical coherence tomography method, termed Micro-OCT, which is capable of visualizing mucociliary transport and quantitatively capturing epithelial functional metrics. We have also miniaturized Micro-OCT optics in a first-generation rigid 4mm Micro-OCT endoscope utilizing a common-path design and an apodizing prism configuration to produce an annular profile sample beam, and reported the first in vivo visualization of mucociliary transport in swine. We now demonstrate a flexible 2.5 mm Micro-OCT probe that can be inserted through the instrument channel of standard flexible bronchoscopes, allowing bronchoscopic navigation to smaller airways and greatly improving clinical utility. Longitudinal scanning over a field of view of more than 400 µm at a frame rate of 40 Hz was accomplished with a driveshaft transduced by a piezo-electric stack motor. We present characterization and imaging results from the flexible micro-OCT probe and progress towards clinical translation. The ability of the bronchoscope-compatible micro-OCT probe to image mucus clearance and epithelial function will enable studies of cystic fibrosis pathogenesis in small airways, provide diagnosis of mucociliary clearance disorders, and allow individual responses to treatments to be monitored.

Proceedings Article | 27 April 2016 Presentation

Common path ball lens probe for optical coherence tomography (Conference Presentation)

Kanwarpal Singh, Daisuke Yamada, Guillermo Tearney

Proceedings Volume 9689, 96893C (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2214236

KEYWORDS: Optical coherence tomography, Lens design, Arteries, Spectrometer engineering, Spectroscopy, Interfaces, Skin, Visualization, Fusion splicing, Diagnostics

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Proceedings Article | 26 February 2010 Paper

High-resolution imaging of a corneal incision by second- and third-harmonic generation microscopy

L. Jay, C. Dion, A. Brocas, K. Singh, J.-C. Kieffer, I. Brunette, T. Ozaki

Proceedings Volume 7569, 75692T (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.842078

KEYWORDS: Cornea, Microscopy, Tissues, Femtosecond phenomena, Surgery, Interfaces, Second-harmonic generation, Collagen, Third-harmonic generation, Eye

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