Dr. Kengyeh K. Chu Profile

Dr. Kengyeh K. Chu

Research Scientist at Duke Univ

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Publications (15)

Proceedings Article | 3 March 2022 Presentation

In vivo detection of esophageal dysplasia using a/LCI light scattering with OCT image guidance

Haoran Zhang, Julianna Bordas, Kengyeh Chu, Lama Moussa, Alondra Santiago, Swathi Eluri, Nicholas Shaheen, Adam Wax

Proceedings Volume PC11974, PC1197402 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2610486

KEYWORDS: Optical coherence tomography, Light scattering, In vivo imaging, Structural imaging, Interferometry, Fiber optics, Esophagus, Endoscopy, Endoscopes, Biocompatible materials

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Proceedings Article | 5 March 2021 Presentation

Clinical readiness of dual-axis OCT for dermatology

Evan Jelly, Hillel Price, Kengyeh Chu, Adam Wax

Proceedings Volume 11657, 1165709 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2577281

KEYWORDS: Optical coherence tomography, Dermatology, Tissues, Skin, Scattering, Imaging systems, Image enhancement, Video, Microscopy, Confocal microscopy

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Proceedings Article | 5 March 2021 Presentation

Light scattering measurements of retinal biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease guided by low-cost optical coherence tomography

Ge Song, Zachary Steelman, Stella Finkelstein, Ziyun Yang, Ludovic Martin, Kengyeh Chu, Sina Farsiu, Vadim Arshavsky, Adam Wax

Proceedings Volume 11657, 116570E (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2576911

KEYWORDS: Light scattering, Imaging systems, Scatter measurement, Optical testing, Optical coherence tomography, Alzheimer's disease, Tissues, Retina, Coherence imaging, Retinal scanning

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Proceedings Article | 10 March 2020 Presentation

Progress in angle-resolved low-coherence interferometry for real-time detection of epithelial dysplasia (Conference Presentation)

Zachary Steelman, Derek Ho, Yang Zhao, Haoran Zhang, Evan Jelly, Ge Song, Wesley Kendall, Michael Crose, Brian Cox, Kengyeh Chu, Adam Wax

Proceedings Volume 11253, 1125302 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2545173

KEYWORDS: Interferometry, Light scattering, Cervix, Esophagus, Optical coherence tomography, In vivo imaging, Endoscopy, Scattering, Multimode fibers, Computer architecture

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Proceedings Article | 4 March 2019 Presentation

Esophageal OCT using endoscope-coupled paddle probe (Conference Presentation)

Yang Zhao, Kengyeh Chu, Michael Crose, Yaa Ofori-Marfoh, Holly Cirri, Nicholas Shaheen, Adam Wax

Proceedings Volume 10854, 108540K (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2510237

KEYWORDS: Optical coherence tomography, Endoscopes, Endoscopy, 3D acquisition, Fiber optics, Video, Diagnostics, Esophagus, Visualization, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 22 February 2019 Presentation + Paper

Enhanced depth penetration by dual-axis optical coherence tomography

Yang Zhao, Kengyeh Chu, Adam Wax

Proceedings Volume 10867, 1086704 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2507242

KEYWORDS: Optical coherence tomography, Imaging systems, Monte Carlo methods, Photons, Tissues, Tissue optics, Skin, Scattering, Mirrors, Interferometry

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Proceedings Article | 14 March 2018 Presentation

In vivo mapping of the cervical epithelium using multiplexed low-coherence interferometry (Conference Presentation)

Kengyeh Chu, Derek Ho, Michael Crose, Chenfei Hu, Michael DeSoto, Jennifer Peters, Amy Murtha, Daryl Wieland, Michael Zinaman, Adam Wax

Proceedings Volume 10472, 1047206 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2290882

KEYWORDS: Interferometry, In vivo imaging, Multiplexing, Cervix, Endoscopy, Cervical cancer, Interferometers, Fiber optics, Cell biology, Optical testing

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The early detection of cervical dysplasia enables early treatment, a critical factor in cancer prevention. In the United States, cervical cancer screening is age-based and includes cervical cytology with human papilloma virus (HPV) testing with referral to colposcopy for abnormal results. Colposcopy is used to visualize changes in the appearance of the transformation zone to direct biopsies which can confirm a diagnosis of dysplasia or cancer. Directed biopsies can be limited in detection of abnormalities because they represent a small area of the transformation zone and can be limited by provider expertise. Additionally, biopsies contribute to patient discomfort and anxiety awaiting for results. We recently reported the first in vivo cervical data from angle-resolved low-coherence interferometry (a/LCI), an optical technique that measures nuclear size as a biomarker for dysplasia, which is well-suited for screening due to its high sensitivity and specificity and its non-invasive utilization. However, in order to target the single-point measurements of the a/LCI instrument, we aimed to construct a probe capable of mapping the cervical epithelium to identify the transformation zone between the ectocervical and endocervical epithelia, the location at which dysplasia is most likely to develop. We termed this complementary technology multiplexed low-coherence interferometer (m/LCI). Thirty-six parallel fiber-optic interferometers were constructed to obtain optical depth profiles using spectral-domain LCI. Light from each channel is delivered to the cervix via a 6x6 fiber-optic bundle and a custom endoscopic probe. The depth-profile from each optical channel enables the identification of the ectocervix and endocervix. A pilot study at Duke University (n=5) was followed by an ongoing clinical study at New York City Health + Hospitals/Jacobi (Bronx, New York) (current n=20, target n=50). We present the results from these first studies to demonstrate the feasibility of m/LCI as a means of identifying the transformation zone for screening of dysplasia.

Proceedings Article | 24 April 2017 Presentation

Use of micro-optical coherence tomography to analyze barrier integrity of intestinal epithelial cells (Conference Presentation)

Avira Som, Hui Min Leung, Kengyeh Chu, Alex Eaton, Bryan Hurley, Guillermo Tearney

Proceedings Volume 10068, 1006809 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2252727

KEYWORDS: Pathogens, Tomography, Resistance, Optical coherence tomography, Digestive system, Stomach, Image resolution, Coherence (optics), 3D image processing, Video

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Proceedings Article | 19 April 2017 Presentation

Novel multiplexed low coherence interferometry endoscopic probe for analyzing the cervical epithelium in vivo (Conference Presentation)

Derek Ho, Kengyeh Chu, Michael Crose, Michael Desoto, Jennifer Peters, Amy Murtha, Adam Wax

Proceedings Volume 10043, 1004304 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2252607

KEYWORDS: Mach-Zehnder interferometers, Multiplexing, Interferometry, Endoscopy, In vivo imaging, Cervical cancer, Analytical research, Light scattering, Cervix, Algorithm development

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Proceedings Article | 19 April 2017 Presentation

Imaging demonstration of a flexible micro-OCT endobronchial probe (Conference Presentation)

Dongyao Cui, Kengyeh Chu, Timothy Ford, Daryl Chulho Hyun, Hui Min Leung, Biwei Yin, Susan Birket, George Solomon, Steven Rowe, Guillermo Tearney

Proceedings Volume 10041, 1004109 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2251449

KEYWORDS: Imaging systems, Photomedicine, Optical coherence tomography, Cystic fibrosis, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, In vivo imaging, Visualization, Motion models, Performance modeling, Imaging devices

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Proceedings Article | 27 April 2016 Presentation

Imaging neutrophil migration dynamics using micro-optical coherence tomography (Conference Presentation)

Kengyeh Chu, Lael Yonker, Avira Som, Michael Pazos, Mark Kusek, Bryan Hurley, Guillermo Tearney

Proceedings Volume 9709, 97090G (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2213940

KEYWORDS: Tomography, Coherence (optics), Signal detection, Visualization, 3D image processing, Receptors, Resistance, Biomedical optics, Current controlled current source

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Neutrophils are immune cells that undergo chemotaxis, detecting and migrating towards a chemical signal gradient. Neutrophils actively migrate across epithelial boundaries, interacting with the epithelium to selectively permit passage without compromising the epithelial barrier. In many inflammatory disorders, excessive neutrophil migration can cause damage to the epithelium itself. The signaling pathways and mechanisms that facilitate trans-epithelial migration are not fully characterized. Our laboratory has developed micro-optical coherence tomography (μOCT), which has 2 μm lateral resolution and 1 μm axial resolution. As a high-resolution native contrast modality, μOCT can directly visualize individual neutrophils as they interact with a cell layer cultured on a transwell filter. A chemoattractant can be applied to the apical side of inverted monolayer, and human neutrophils placed in the basolateral compartment, while μOCT captures 3D images of the chemotaxis. μOCT images can also generate quantitative metrics of migration volume to study the dependence of chemotaxis on monolayer cell type, chemoattractant type, and disease state of the neutrophils. For example, a disease known as leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) can be simulated by treating neutrophils with antibodies that interfere with the CD18 receptor, a facilitator of trans-epithelial migration. We conducted a migration study of anti-CD18 treated and control neutrophils using T84 intestinal epithelium as a barrier. After one hour, μOCT time-lapse imaging indicated a strong difference in the fraction of neutrophils that remain attached to the epithelium after migration (0.67 ± 0.12 attached anti-CD18 neutrophils, 0.23 ± 0.08 attached control neutrophils, n = 6, p < 0.05), as well as a modest but non-significant decrease in total migration volume for treated neutrophils. We can now integrate μOCT-derived migration metrics with simultaneously acquired measurements of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), a measure of membrane integrity that decreases when neutrophils create openings in the epithelium to permit migration. Preliminary results (n = 2) using real-time TEER measurements indicate that TEER change in anti-CD18 migration (26% at 1 hour) is not lower compared to control (14% at 1 hour), suggesting that the neutrophil-epithelial interaction is not impaired. Combined µOCT+TEER will allow the relationship of neutrophil migration and epithelial interactions to be studied to help uncover the mechanisms of altered neutrophil behavior in patients with inflammatory and immune diseases.

Proceedings Article | 27 April 2016 Presentation

Flexible micro-OCT endobronchial probe for imaging of mucociliary transport (Conference Presentation)

Dongyao Cui, Kengyeh Chu, Carolin Unglert, Tim Ford, Robert Carruth, Daryl Hyun, Kanwarpal Singh, Susan Birket, George Solomon, Steve Rowe, Guillermo Tearney

Proceedings Volume 9691, 969107 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2213057

KEYWORDS: Visualization, Cystic fibrosis, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Pathogens, In vivo imaging, Photomedicine, Imaging systems, Particles, Lung, Liquids

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Mucociliary clearance (MCC) plays a significant role in maintaining the health of human respiratory system by eliminating foreign particles trapped within mucus. Failure of this mechanism in diseases such as cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) leads to airway blockage and lung infection, causing morbidity and mortality. The volume of airway mucus and the periciliary liquid encapsulating the cilia, in addition to ciliary beat frequency and velocity of mucociliary transport, are vital parameters of airway health. However, the diagnosis of disease pathogenesis and advances of novel therapeutics are hindered by the lack of tools for visualization of ciliary function in vivo. Our laboratory has previously developed a 1-µm resolution optical coherence tomography method, termed Micro-OCT, which is capable of visualizing mucociliary transport and quantitatively capturing epithelial functional metrics. We have also miniaturized Micro-OCT optics in a first-generation rigid 4mm Micro-OCT endoscope utilizing a common-path design and an apodizing prism configuration to produce an annular profile sample beam, and reported the first in vivo visualization of mucociliary transport in swine. We now demonstrate a flexible 2.5 mm Micro-OCT probe that can be inserted through the instrument channel of standard flexible bronchoscopes, allowing bronchoscopic navigation to smaller airways and greatly improving clinical utility. Longitudinal scanning over a field of view of more than 400 µm at a frame rate of 40 Hz was accomplished with a driveshaft transduced by a piezo-electric stack motor. We present characterization and imaging results from the flexible micro-OCT probe and progress towards clinical translation. The ability of the bronchoscope-compatible micro-OCT probe to image mucus clearance and epithelial function will enable studies of cystic fibrosis pathogenesis in small airways, provide diagnosis of mucociliary clearance disorders, and allow individual responses to treatments to be monitored.

SPIE Journal Paper | 1 January 2011 Open Access

Optically sectioned in vivo imaging with speckle illumination HiLo microscopy

Daryl Lim, Timothy Ford, Kengyeh Chu, Jerome Metz

JBO, Vol. 16, Issue 1, 016014, (January 2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.3528656

KEYWORDS: Confocal microscopy, Microscopy, Speckle, Microscopes, Luminescence, In vivo imaging, Video, Point spread functions, Speckle pattern, Image processing

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 May 2009 Open Access

Optically sectioned fluorescence endomicroscopy with hybrid-illumination imaging through a flexible fiber bundle

Silvia Santos, Kengyeh Chu, Daryl Lim, Nenad Bozinovic, Timothy Ford, Claire Hourtoule, Aaron Bartoo, Satish Singh, Jerome Mertz

JBO, Vol. 14, Issue 03, 030502, (May 2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.3130266

KEYWORDS: Image fusion, Microscopy, Luminescence, Endomicroscopy, Linear filtering, Image resolution, Image processing, Spatial frequencies, Video, Modulation

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Proceedings Article | 24 February 2009 Paper

Two-photon fluorescence microscopy with differential aberration imaging

Kengyeh Chu, Aymeric Leray, Thomas Bifano, Jerome Mertz

Proceedings Volume 7209, 720903 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.812230

KEYWORDS: Luminescence, Scattering, Mirrors, Laser scattering, Optical transfer functions, Signal attenuation, Tissues, Diffraction, Image filtering, Two photon excitation microscopy

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