Single crystal phosphor, which is a transparent material, absorbs blue light and emits yellow light. As a result, it is the ideal material for conversion of blue laser light into yellow visible light allowing high efficiency, and high temperature operations. When fabricated into a waveguide, it provides a large volume and surface area for ease of heat sinking. The transparent property of the crystal phosphor material provides features are not available in other phosphor materials such as glass phosphor and ceramic phosphor in which the laser energy is all concentrated in a small spot with small thickness making heat removal very challenging. This paper presents an end-pumped structured crystal phosphor waveguide design such that the volume of laser absorption and heat dissipating surfaces are both larger with a small output cross-section for small etendue operations. Preliminary prototypes have been fabricated and tested with expected results. Several other structures and measurements will be presented.
The most widely used light sources for projection system and spotlights are discharge lamps. With tremendous advancements over the last decade in blue laser developments, laser excited phosphor systems have been developed for various applications including projectors and spotlights. One major challenge remains in the very high power applications where multi-kilowatt xenon lamps are still being used. In this paper, an advance material, namely, single crystal phosphor has been developed with high optical efficiency, high power handling capability, and a melting point of 1,950°C. To enable such single crystal phosphor to be used to its full capacity, a major effort was placed on the heat sinking of the crystal phosphor pumped at high power, over 70 W of blue laser power from a 4 by 6 array of laser diodes. The nominal dimension of the crystal phosphor of one of the system measures 2 mm by 2 mm by 4 mm and is end-pumped from one end with a set of focusing lenses directing the output from 24 lasers onto the surface of the crystal phosphor. The 4 sides of the crystal phosphor is specially coated and attached to the heat sink for efficient dissipation of heat, keeping the temperature of the crystal low enough for efficient emission. The output from the crystal phosphor is extracted using a CPC reducing the total internal reflection effect inside the crystal phosphor. To accommodate the high power laser at the input face of the crystal phosphor, various methods are used to prevent the local burning of the input face, including the use of diffusers, light pipes, and light tunnels. The computer simulation and experimental results will be presented.
Traditional illumination systems uses various lamps selected based on certain requirements of the applications. One common issue is the trade-off between output brightness and lamp lifetime. LEDs with long lifetimes have been used in many applications. This paper describes a multi-colored LED illumination system with individually controlled red, green, and blue outputs combined together with the etendue of a single LED, having enhanced green and red output brightness with supplementary excitation of the phosphor-based green and red LEDs from additional blue LEDs, increasing the overall output of the system.
Automotive headlight evolved from incandescent, to halogen, to xenon, to LED, and most recently, to laser phosphor lamps with increasing efficiencies and brightness. This paper presents the development of laser phosphor headlights using glass phosphor and single crystal phosphor for efficient and high power operations. Laser diodes are used for pumping the phosphors producing the white light to be projected to the roadway. In addition, various configurations of the laser diodes, which are individual addressable, are to be presented. Together with the used of DLP and LCD imagers, intelligent headlights are developed with the abilities selectively scanning the imagers illuminating the roadway with varying intensities. The design of the systems and the experimental results will be presented.
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