Dr. Kyriaki Minoglou Profile

Dr. Kyriaki Minoglou

Optoelectronic Engineer at European Space Agency

SPIE Involvement:

Conference Chair | Conference Program Committee | Editor | Author

Proceedings Article | 12 July 2023 Open Access

The European Low Flux (CMOS) Image Sensor: a motion artefact free image sensor with high dynamic range for space applications

A. Kalgi, Y. Creten, G. Ruttens, J. Basteleus, B. Dierickx, K. Minoglou, J. Vermeiren

Proceedings Volume 12777, 1277713 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2689044

KEYWORDS: Image sensors, High dynamic range imaging, Astronomical imaging, Semiconducting wafers, Design and modelling, CMOS sensors, Camera shutters, Assembly equipment, High dynamic range image sensors, Capacitors

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ELFIS2 is the second generation of the European Low Flux Image Sensor (ELFIS), developed by Caeleste, manufactured at LFoundry and tested by Airbus on behalf of the European Space agency. As the High flux program was aborted, it was decided to continue ELFIS as a High Dynamic Range (HDR) sensor, enabling the simultaneous integration and readout of the same charge packet on a large and a small conversion capacitance. It is combined with charge domain global shutter, so that motion artefacts, typical for multi-exposure or dual photodiode architectures are completely eliminated. The ELFIS core pixel uses the Global Shutter technology pixel, developed at LFoundry, allowing charge domain Integrate-While-Read operation and on-chip CDS. In order to handle photocharge packets that exceed the full well of the core pixel, there are two low gain overflow capacitors, used alternatingly for signal integration and read-out. Whereas ELFIS1 was a fixed size device, ELFIS2 is designed for stitching. The stitch block of 512*1024 pixels can realize every n*m multiple of 1/2k by 1k pixels, as long as it fits on the wafer. The Initial prototype presented has a 2k*2k format. 4k*4k, 8k*8K, etc. can be realized with the same mask set, as well as elongated (hyperspectral) sensors up to 512*10 k pixels. As each stitch segment has its own output amplifiers, the ultimate frame rate is only determined by the number of rows to be read. Frame rate can be increased by applying row random addressing, which are especially versatile in hyperspectral applications. The initial functional tests of ELFIS2 are promising: without further optimization the noise spec of less than 5 e-rms is reached with a HDR full well of 160 ke- ; the core Global Shutter high gain full well is 10 ke- , resulting in a smooth photon shot noise limited behavior from the high gain noise floor till the low gain saturation. The full functional testing and circuit optimization is now starting and will be finished at the moment of this presentation. Also, radiation pre-qualification is planned. Due to the good SEE results obtained in another Rad-Hard by Design (RHbD) in the same technology we are also confident that the SEE will have a LET < 63 MeV/mg/cm² for both SEL and SEU.

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Proceedings Article | 29 August 2022 Presentation + Paper

A CMOS image sensor for soft x-ray astronomy

Konstantin Stefanov, Charles Townsend-Rose, Thomas Buggey, James Ivory, Oliver Hetherington, Andrew Holland, Julian Heymes, Jérôme Pratlong, Georgios Tsiolis, David Morris, Kyriaki Minoglou, Thibaut Prod'homme, Matthew Soman

Proceedings Volume 12191, 121910N (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2630733

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, CMOS sensors, X-ray imaging, X-ray astronomy, Silicon, Photodiodes

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Proceedings Article | 11 June 2021 Open Access

The Copernicus CO2M mission for monitoring anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions from space

Bernd Sierk, Valerie Fernandez, J.-L. Bézy, Y. Meijer, Y. Durand, G. Bazalgette Courrèges-Lacoste, C. Pachot, A. Löscher, H. Nett, K. Minoglou, L. Boucher, R. Windpassinger, A. Pasquet, D. Serre, F. te Hennepe

Proceedings Volume 11852, 118523M (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2599613

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The European Space Agency (ESA), in collaboration with the European Commission (EC) and EUMETSAT, is developing a space-borne observing system for quantification of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Forming part of the EC's Copernicus programme, the CO2 monitoring (CO2M) mission will be implemented as a constellation of identical satellites, to be operated over a period > 7 years and measuring CO2 concentration in terms of column-averaged mole fraction (denoted as XCO2). Each satellite will continuously image XCO2 along the satellite track on the sun-illuminated part of the orbit, with a swath width of >250 km. Observations will be provided at a spatial resolution < 2 x 2 km2 near the swath center, with high precision (<0.7 ppm) and accuracy (bias <0.5 ppm). To this end, the payload comprises a suite of instruments addressing the various aspects of the challenging observation requirements: A push-broom imaging spectrometer will perform co-located measurements of top-of-atmosphere radiances in the Near Infrared (NIR) and Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) at high to moderate spectral resolution (NIR: 747-773nm@0.1nm, SWIR-1: 1595-1675nm@0.3nm, SWIR-2: 1990-2095nm@0.35nm). These observations are complemented by measurements in the visible spectral range (405-490 nm@0.6nm), providing vertical column measurements of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) that serve as a tracer to assist the detection of fossil-fuel emission plumes (e.g. from coal-fired power plants and cities). High quality retrievals of XCO2 will be ensured even over polluted industrial regions, thanks to co-located measurements of aerosols performed by a Multiple-Angle Polarimeter (MAP). Finally, measurements of a three-band Cloud Imager, co-registered with the CO2 observations, will provide the required cloud-flagging capacity at sub-sample level (<200m resolution). The presentation will review the results of the Phase A/B1 instrument studies carried out in 2018-2019, including technology pre-development activities, and highlight the identified engineering challenges. The preliminary design of the CO2M mission’s instruments at the beginning of the implementation phase will be presented, along with an outlook on the development activities under the Phase B2CD programme.

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Proceedings Article | 13 December 2020 Presentation + Paper

Development of a photon-counting near-fano-limited x-ray CMOS image sensor for THESEUS' SXI

Julian Heymes, Konstantin Stefanov, Matthew Soman, Davide Gorret, David Hall, Kyriaki Minoglou, David Morris, Jérôme Pratlong, Thibaut Prod'homme, Georgios Tsiolis, Andrew Holland

Proceedings Volume 11454, 114540I (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2560162

KEYWORDS: CMOS sensors, Spectroscopy, Space operations, X-ray imaging, X-ray telescopes, X-rays, Sensors, Space telescopes, X-ray optics, Telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 12 July 2019 Open Access

Detector development activities supported by the European Space Agency

Heidrun Weber, Nick Nelms, Kyriaki Minoglou, Alessandra Ciapponi, Sarah Wittig, Bruno Leone

Proceedings Volume 11180, 111803R (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2536054

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Detector development, Readout integrated circuits, CMOS sensors, Manufacturing, Charge-coupled devices, Infrared radiation, Detector arrays, Environmental sensing, Semiconducting wafers

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Proceedings Article | 17 November 2017 Open Access

A platform for European CMOS image sensors for space applications

K. Minoglou, D. San Segundo Bello, D. Sabuncuoglu Tezcan, L. Haspeslagh, J. Van Olmen, B. Merry, C. Cavaco, F. Mazzamuto, I. Toqué-Trésonne, R. Moirin, M. Brouwer, M. Toccafondi, G. Preti, M. Rosmeulen, P. De Moor

Proceedings Volume 10563, 1056304 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2304233

KEYWORDS: Semiconducting wafers, Silicon, Imaging systems, Image processing, Antireflective coatings, Annealing, Astronomical imaging, Analog electronics, Coating, Optical amplifiers

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Proceedings Article | 27 July 2016 Paper

The status of European Space Agency supported detector developments

Nick Nelms, Kyriaki Minoglou, Alessandra Ciapponi, Thibaut Prod'homme, Roland Meynart, Yves Levillain, Ludovic Duvet, Pierre-Elie Crouzet

Proceedings Volume 9915, 991502 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2232517

KEYWORDS: Infrared sensors, Sensors, Detector development, Infrared detectors, Infrared radiation, Charge-coupled devices, Detector arrays, Astronomy, Infrared detectors, Quantum efficiency, Near infrared

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Proceedings Article | 16 March 2016 Paper

Smart slit assembly for high-resolution spectrometers in space

Benedikt Guldimann, Kyriaki Minoglou

Proceedings Volume 9754, 97540B (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2209336

KEYWORDS: Spectrometers, Waveguides, Spatial light modulators, Modulation, Space telescopes, Remote sensing, Aerospace engineering, Polarization, Telescopes, Micromirrors, Sensors, Mirrors

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Proceedings Article | 12 October 2015 Paper

Visible and infrared detector developments supported by the European Space Agency

N. Nelms, K. Minoglou, C. Voland, Y. Levillain, R. Meynart, J.-L. Bezy, L. Duvet, M. Zahir, B. Leone, A. Ciapponi, P.-E. Crouzet

Proceedings Volume 9639, 96390O (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2194104

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Detector development, Charge-coupled devices, Infrared detectors, Quantum efficiency, Visible radiation, Remote sensing, Readout integrated circuits, Near infrared, Infrared sensors

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Proceedings Article | 3 October 2011 Paper

Hybrid backside illuminated CMOS image sensors possessing low crosstalk

Padmakumar Ramachandra Rao, Koen De Munck, Kyriaki Minoglou, Joeri De Vos, Deniz Sabuncuoglu, Piet De Moor

Proceedings Volume 8176, 81761D (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.901234

KEYWORDS: Imaging systems, Quantum efficiency, Semiconducting wafers, Sensors, Silicon, Metals, Aluminum, Modulation transfer functions, Indium, Detector arrays

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Proceedings Article | 5 May 2011 Paper

EUV detectors based on AlGaN-on-Si Schottky photodiodes

P. Malinowski, J.-Y. Duboz, P. De Moor, K. Minoglou, J. John, P. Srivastava, F. Semond, E. Frayssinet, A. BenMoussa, B. Giordanengo, C. Van Hoof, R. Mertens

Proceedings Volume 8073, 807302 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.886682

KEYWORDS: Silicon, Extreme ultraviolet, Sensors, Imaging systems, Photodiodes, Photodetectors, Semiconducting wafers, Ultraviolet radiation, Diodes, Aluminum

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Proceedings Article | 14 May 2010 Paper

AlGaN-on-Si backside illuminated photodetectors for the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) range

P. Malinowski, J.-Y. Duboz, J. John, C. Sturdevant, J. Das, J. Derluyn, M. Germain, P. De Moor, K. Minoglou, F. Semond, E. Frayssinet, J.-F. Hochedez, B. Giordanengo, C. Van Hoof, R. Mertens

Proceedings Volume 7726, 772617 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.853782

KEYWORDS: Extreme ultraviolet, Photodetectors, Sensors, Silicon, Gallium nitride, Etching, Ultraviolet radiation, Imaging systems, Visible radiation, Reactive ion etching

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Proceedings Article | 23 September 2009 Paper

Monolithic and hybrid backside illuminated active pixel sensor arrays

K. De Munck, K. Minoglou, R. Padmakumar, D. Tezcan, J. Bogaerts, I. Veltroni, C. Van Hoof, P. De Moor

Proceedings Volume 7474, 74741B (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.834828

KEYWORDS: Imaging systems, Quantum efficiency, Semiconducting wafers, Sensors, Ultraviolet radiation, Silicon, Detector arrays, Modulation transfer functions, Readout integrated circuits, Absorption

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Proceedings Article | 18 May 2009 Paper

Radiation hardness of AlxGa1-xN photodetectors exposed to Extreme UltraViolet (EUV) light beam

Pawel Malinowski, Joachim John, Frank Barkusky, Jean Yves Duboz, Anne Lorenz, Kai Cheng, Joff Derluyn, Marianne Germain, Piet De Moor, Kyriaki Minoglou, Armin Bayer, Klaus Mann, Jean-Francois Hochedez, Boris Giordanengo, Gustaaf Borghs, Robert Mertens

Proceedings Volume 7361, 73610T (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.820691

KEYWORDS: Photodetectors, Gallium nitride, Extreme ultraviolet, Silicon, Photodiodes, Extreme ultraviolet lithography, Sun, Imaging systems, Gold, Sensors

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Proceedings Article | 22 July 2008 Paper

Cold performance tests of blocked-impurity-band Si:As detectors developed for DARWIN

Stephan Birkmann, Jutta Stegmaier, Ulrich Grözinger, Oliver Krause, Tim Souverijns, Jan Putzeys, Deniz Sabuncuoglu Tezcan, Koen De Munck, Paolo Fiorini, Kiki Minoglou, Patrick Merken, Chris Van Hoof, Piet De Moor

Proceedings Volume 7021, 70210R (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.789103

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Electronics, Quantum efficiency, Temperature metrology, Signal detection, Black bodies, Bolometers, Bandpass filters, Monochromators, Camera shutters

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