KEYWORDS: Wavelets, Image compression, Medical imaging, 3D image processing, Data compression, Magnetic resonance imaging, Wavelet transforms, Computer programming, 3D image reconstruction, Quantization
Two common approaches have been developed to compress volumetric medical data from sources such as magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT): (1) 2D-based compression methods, which compress each
image slice independently using 2D image codecs; and (2) 3D-based compression methods, which treat the data as true
volumetric data and compress using 3D image codecs. It has been shown that most 3D-based compression methods, such
as 3D-SPIHT, can achieve significantly higher compression quality than most 2D-based compression methods, such as
JPEG, JPEG-2000, and 2D-SPIHT. However, the compression/decompression speed is slow, and the high computational
complexity and high memory usage render 3D-based compressions difficult to implement in hardware. In this paper, we
propose a new 3D-based compression algorithm, 3D-BCWT, which is an extension to the computationally efficient
BCWT (Backward Coding of Wavelet Trees) algorithm [10]. 3D-BCWT not only can achieve the same high
compression quality as 3D-SPIHT does, but it can also provide extremely fast compression/decompression speed, low
complexity, and low memory usage, which are ideal for low-cost hardware and software implementations and for
compressing high resolution volumetric data. Moreover, 3D-BCWT also possesses the capabilities of progressive
transmission and decoding, such as progression of resolution and progression of quality, which are essential features for
efficient image retrieval from large online archives.
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