Early, accurate diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is critical for clinical management and therapeutic decision-making, especially distinguishing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) from non-IPF ILD. Unfortunately, current diagnostic imaging methods are limited in resolution and surgical biopsy methods are invasive. In this study, we evaluate the accuracy of endobronchial optical coherence tomography (EB-OCT) as a low-risk method for in vivo ILD diagnosis in patients undergoing surgical biopsy. EB-OCT was able to distinguish diagnostic microanatomical features of IPF from non-IPF ILDs, independently compared against surgical biopsy. These findings support the potential of OCT as a minimally-invasive method for IPF diagnosis.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal form of fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD). Early diagnosis of IPF is essential, but often requires invasive surgery. We conduct a prospective study evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of endobronchial optical coherence tomography (EB-OCT) for IPF diagnosis as compared to concurrent surgical lung biopsy (SLB) and clinical follow-up diagnosis. EB-OCT was performed immediately prior to SLB in 27 ILD patients. EB-OCT was 100% sensitive and 100% specific for both histologic and clinical follow up diagnosis of IPF. The results demonstrate the potential of EB-OCT as minimally-invasive, low-risk in vivo method for microscopic IPF diagnosis.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive form of interstitial lung disease (ILD). High-resolution CT (HRCT) is currently used to identify macroscopic IPF features. However, for 50% of patients, ultimate diagnosis relies on microscopic features from invasive, high-risk surgical biopsies (SLBX). We conducted a pilot study to assess endobronchial OCT (EB-OCT) for in vivo diagnosis of IPF, enrolling ILD patients with nondiagnostic HRCT undergoing SLBX. EB-OCT visualized salient IPF features, including microscopic features not visible on HRCT, and accurately diagnosed IPF and non-IPF ILD as compared with SLBX. EB-OCT has the potential for in vivo microscopic diagnosis of IPF.
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