A novel 3D electromagnetic metamaterial design for Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in THz frequencies is reported. Simulations were done using finite elements method in order to optimize the geometry of the metamaterial. The structure was fabricated using Multiphoton Lithography on high resistivity Silicon substrate and further processed with Electroless Silver Plating to get the highly conductive metallic metamaterial.
The optical fiber sensing field is in continuous seek of new processing methods, light localization structures and transduction mechanisms for developing devices with novel functionalities and/or improved performance, while targeting existing or emerging application fields. Herein, we are reviewing work performed on the imprinting of optical resonators, onto optical fibers using multi-photon, three-dimensional lithography. Two major resonating cavity designs are presented: hollow Fabry-Perot resonators imprinted onto the endface of optical fibers, and micro-ring resonators attached onto micronic diameter optical fiber tapers; both types of devices operate at the 1.5μm spectral band. Results are presented on the design, spectral characterization and simulation of those hybrid type of photonic devices, while their sensing capabilities are exemplified in the tracing of organic solvent vapors, which upon case can reach sub-ppm detectivity levels.
We present a thorough numerical investigation of end-fire coupling between dielectric-loaded surface plasmon
polariton (DLSPP) and compact rib/wire silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguides. Simulations are based on the
three-dimensional vector finite element method. The interface geometrical parameters leading to optimum performance,
i.e., maximum coupling efficiency or, equivalently, minimum insertion loss (IL), are identified. We
show that coupling efficiencies as high as 85 % are possible. In addition, we quantify the fabrication tolerances
about the optimum parameter values. In the same context, we assess the effect of a metallic stripe gap and
that of a horizontal offset between waveguides on insertion loss. Finally, we demonstrate that by benefiting
form the low-loss coupling between the two waveguides, hybrid silicon-plasmonic 2 x 2 thermo-optic switching
elements can outperform their all-plasmonic counterparts in terms of IL. Specifically, we examine two hybrid
SOI-DLSPP switching elements, namely, a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) and a Multi-Mode-Interference
(MMI) switch. In particular, in the MZI case the IL improvement compared to the all-plasmonic counterpart
is 4.5 dB. Moreover, the proposed hybrid components maintain the high extinction ratio, small footprint, and
efficient tuning traits of plasmonic technology.
We rst report on design, fabrication and characterizations of thermally-controlled plasmonic routers relying on
the interference of a plasmonic and a photonic mode supported by wide enough dielectric loaded waveguides. We
show that, by
owing a current through the gold lm on which the dielectric waveguides are deposited, the length
of the beating created by the interference of the two modes can be controlled accurately. By operating such a
plasmonic dual-mode interferometer switch, symmetric extinction ratio of 7dB are obtained at the output ports
of a 2x2 router. Next, we demonstrate ber-to-ber characterizations of stand-alone dielectric loaded surface
plasmon waveguide (DLSPPW) devices by using grating couplers. The couplers are comprised of dielectric loaded
gratings with carefully chosen periods and duty-cycles close to 0.5. We show that insertion loss below 10dB per
coupler can be achieved with optimized gratings. This coupling scheme is used to operate Bit-Error-Rate (BER)
measurements for the transmission of a 10Gbits/s signal along a stand-alone straight DLSPPW. We show in
particular that these waveguides introduce a rather small BER power penalty (below 1dB) demonstrating the
suitability of this plasmonic waveguiding platform for high-bit rate transmission.
Surface plasmons polaritons are electromagnetic waves propagating along the surface of a conductor. Surface plasmons photonics is a promising candidate to satisfy the constraints of miniaturization of optical interconnects. This contribution reviews an experimental parametric study of dielectric loaded surface plasmon waveguides ring resonators and add-drop filters within the perspective of the recently suggested hybrid technology merging plasmonic and silicon photonics on a single board (European FP7 project PLATON "Merging Plasmonic and Silicon Photonics Technology towards Tb/s routing in optical interconnects"). Conclusions relevant for dielectric loaded surface plasmon switches to be integrated in silicon photonic circuitry will be drawn. They rely on the opportunity offered by plasmonic circuitry to carry optical signals and electric currents through the same thin metal circuitry. The heating of the dielectric loading by the electric current enables to design low foot-print thermo-optical switches driving the optical signal flow.
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