Black silicon is surface modification by reactive ion etching that creates a forest of silicon micro-spikes and increases surface area of the sample. When the spikes’ height exceed an optical wavelength, light is trapped on the surface through multiple pathway scattering, increasing the optical absorption of visible and near infrared radiation. Cerium oxide (CeO2) is believed to have good photoactivity, and finds many applications including photoelectrolysis. However, the large band gap limits the efficiency of the water splitting process. We suggest black silicon surfaces as substrates for CeO2 sputter coating to increase photon-material interaction. An additional catalytic layer of platinum is deposited to create highly energetic electrons as a result of plasmonic resonance and enhances incident photon to current efficiency (IPCE). The difference of surface current for laser on and off condition is found to be 32 times higher in a nanolayered coated black silicon sample as compared to flat silicon. The resistance of flat silicon substrate was 11 Ω for laser-off state, decreasing to 9 Ω when the laser was turned on. On the other hand, the black silicon substrate sample had a higher resistance of 70 Ω in dark which decreased to 1.5 Ω for laser on state.
In this work, we present experimental results showing optical absorption enhancement of silicon wafer through etching and metal/metal-oxide nanolayers deposition. Black silicon nanograss were fabricated from single crystalline silicon by reactive ion etching, and ZnO, Pt, and CeO2 nanolayers were deposited through atomic layer deposition as well as magnetron sputtering. The resulting structure exhibits less than 8% reflection over broadband solar spectrum. The fabricated structures are analyzed by scanning electron microscope, focused ion beam milling slice and view and transverse electron microscope sample preparation. The results are compared to finite difference time domain simulations based on the actual fabricated structures. A study of the influence of various parameters on the geometry of the fabricated micro and nanostructures and the corresponding change in optical properties is also presented. Applications of such highly absorbing metamaterials to solar photocatalysis is discussed.
In this work, spiral phase lenses fabricated on the tip of single mode optical fibers are reported. This allows tailoring the
fundamental guided mode, a Gaussian beam, into a Laguerre - Gaussian profile without using additional optical
elements. The lenses are fabricated using Focused Ion Beam milling, enabling high resolution in the manufacturing
process. The phase profiles are evaluated and validated using an implementation of the Finite Differences Time Domain.
The output optical intensity profiles matching the numerical simulations are presented and analyzed. Finally, results on
cell trapping and manipulation are briefly described.
In this work FZL and FPL fabricated using Focused Ion Beam milling on the top of custom-made optical fibers are
presented. Primary, single mode fibers are spliced to a segment of multimode fiber allowing to expand the core region.
Subsequently, FZL and FPL with several focusing distances are milled on the top of the fibers. In this regard, the zone
and phase plates offer distinct focusing characteristics which are here presented and analyzed. Moreover, the output
optical intensity field of the FPL and FZP are evaluated and validated using an implementation of the Finite Differences
Time Domain (Lumerical). Lastly, some considerations on the use of the tips as fiber optical tweezers are given.
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