KEYWORDS: Carbon, Electrodes, Nanoparticles, Ion channels, Silicon, Nanofabrication, Signal detection, Scanning electron microscopy, Solid state electronics, Nanowires
Rapid and cost-effective DNA sequencing is a pivotal prerequisite for the genomics era. Many of the recent
advances in forensics, medicine, agriculture, taxonomy, and drug discovery have paralleled critical advances
in DNA sequencing technology. Nanopore modalities for DNA sequencing have recently surfaced including
the electrical interrogation of protein ion channels and/or solid-state nanopores during translocation of DNA.
However to date, most of this work has met with mixed success. In this work, we present a unique
nanofabrication strategy that realizes an artificial nanopore articulated with carbon electrodes to sense the
current modulations during the transport of DNA through the nanopore. This embodiment overcomes most of
the technical difficulties inherent in other artificial nanopore embodiments and present a versatile platform for
the testing of DNA single nucleotide detection. Characterization of the device using gold nanoparticles, silica
nanoparticles, lambda dsDNA and 16-mer ssDNA are presented. Although single molecule DNA sequencing
is still not demonstrated, the device shows a path towards this goal.
Solid phase direct-write (SPDW) patterning is a promising technique for nanoscale device fabrication. It enables the deposition of a range of materials with the precision and relatively low cost inherent in scanning force microscopy. The ability to deposit controlled 2D and 3D patterns at the nanometer scale and image them with the same instrument adds versatility to nanodevice design and fabrication. This technique works by loading an atomic force microscopy tip with a solid phase "ink" then reversing the process to write a pattern. Linewidths between 40nm and 500nm can be written, with the dimension varied by user specified parameters. To date, four materials have been successfully deposited: carbon, silicon, tungsten oxide and molybdenum oxide. This report presents an overview of SPDW and its application to the direct write fabrication of electronic devices.
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