Building on a previously presented framework for a single engine simulator (OptiSPICE)
this paper will present models and techniques for modelling devices used in local area
networks utilizing wavelength division multiplexing, single-mode fiber and integrated
electronics. This paper will detail time-domain models of various elements that form
optical links in such a system. Detailed models based on physical rate equations will be
presented for laser sources and electro-optic modulators. A single mode fiber model
based on the Non-linear Schrodinger Equation and which includes multiple channel effects
will be presented. Finally, a model of an avalanche photo-diode using an electrical
diode and a photo-current which is proportional to the optical intensity at the input
will be described.
The final section of the paper will present results from a multi-channel optical
link. The initial part of each channel is comprised of a laser source and driver, an
optical gain/attenuation element and an electro-optical modulator driven by a bit stream
generator. An optical multiplexing element is then used to merge the optical channels
and this is connected to a single-mode fiber. At the end of the fiber an optical
splitter is used with optical filters to de-multiplex the optical signal and finally a
avalanche photo-diode and amplifier is used to terminate each channel.
These results demonstrate
the successful simulation of multi-channel optical links using the presented optoelectronic
simulation framework and models.
This paper presents efficient modeling of optical interference devices such as optical connectors and cross-couplers in a
SPICE1 like optoelectronic simulation framework. This framework is based on formulating modified nodal analysis equations
that integrate electrical and optical elements in a single engine simulator. A significant difference in optical modeling
with respect to standard electrical spice simulation is the need to model optical interference. Efficient modeling, within
this framework, of devices based on interference effects is described in detail. Several examples using this framework
are presented. These examples include optical links, cross-couplers, Machzehnders, optical connectors and other optical
components.
In this paper, an optical signal infrastructure using a novel simulation framework is presented for self-consistent optoelectronic
circuits and systems. This framework uses a formulation based on modified nodal analysis and can be used for
transient and small-signal analysis. A flexible representation of optical signals and elements is developed that is appropriate
for circuits/systems which incorporate both electrical and optical devices. With the correct choice of optical state variables
it is found that optical interference, reflection and coupling can be modeled efficiently. Optical models for multi-mode
fibers, optical connectors and cross-couplers are presented as examples of model development within the framework.
To illustrate the use of the framework, results from a number of optoelectronic circuits are presented. These examples
include optical links involving lasers, multi-mode fibers, optical connectors and photodiodes. Results from these examples
highlight the ability of the framework to handle a wide variety of optical effects and to simulate mixed electrical/optical
circuits.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.