This paper presents the experimental study revealing weaker performance of the automatic iris recognition methods for cataract-affected eyes when compared to healthy eyes. There is little research on the topic, mostly incorporating scarce databases that are often deficient in images representing more than one illness. We built our own database, acquiring 1288 eye images of 37 patients of the Medical University of Warsaw. Those images represent several common ocular diseases, such as cataract, along with less ordinary conditions, such as iris pattern alterations derived from illness or eye trauma. Images were captured in near-infrared light (used in biometrics) and for selected cases also in visible light (used in ophthalmological diagnosis). Since cataract is a disorder that is most populated by samples in the database, in this paper we focus solely on this illness. To assess the extent of the performance deterioration we use three iris recognition methodologies (commercial and academic solutions) to calculate genuine match scores for healthy eyes and those influenced by cataract. Results show a significant degradation in iris recognition reliability manifesting by worsening the genuine scores in all three matchers used in this study (12% of genuine score increase for an academic matcher, up to 175% of genuine score increase obtained for an example commercial matcher). This increase in genuine scores affected the final false non-match rate in two matchers. To our best knowledge this is the only study of such kind that employs more than one iris matcher, and analyzes the iris image segmentation as a potential source of decreased reliability
This paper reports on thermal design of a micro linear tristable actuator with an integrated sensor platform. On the basis of theoretic analysis and previous works, a novel design for the set-up of the one-axis actuator is proposed, in which electromagnetic driving is used, and the actuator will be hold only with permanent magnet forces on the end. It consists of a slider carrying the movable structure to which the actuated component is connected mechanically and electrically. Springs with low stiffness in the plane of actuation but high stiffness in all other directions connect the movable structure to the slider frame. Conducting paths are situated on the springs to provide electrical connectivity on the movable structure. For the contacting, power supply and signal read out of the two micro sensors on the sensor chip, six conducting paths which were led over the mechanical spring are necessary. They carry a current up to 100 mA. In order to confirm the thermal stability by working under strong current on micro spring, a thermal analysis is made. Though the thermal FEA of microstructures is a very challenging, the essential convection coefficient is calculated with help of a CFD-Simulation of a 2D finite element. A 3D finite element modeling is presented in brief theoretical analysis, modeling and simulation of temperature distribution were done for the realized micro actuator. Simulations of temperature distribution in the realized actuator were done taking into account the thermal-mechanical deformation and stress by working under named current. A thermal measurement results to underlay the FEM model are shown. The obtained simulation and experimental results are graphically presented, compared and analyzed. At the end a conclusion was made and an aspect of the further work is presented.
Design, simulation, fabrication, and characterization of novel MEMS pressure sensors with new back-side-direct-exposure
packaging concept are presented. The sensor design is optimized for harsh environments e.g. space,
military, offshore and medical applications. Unbreakable connection between the active side of the Si-sensor and the
protecting glass capping was realized by anodic bonding using a thin layer of metal. To avoid signal corruption of
the measured pressure caused by an encapsulation system, the media has direct contact to the backside of the Si
membrane and can deflect it.
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