Dr. Ramnath N. Singh Profile

Dr. Ramnath N. Singh

at IRDE

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Author

Publications (2)

Proceedings Article | 7 May 2009 Paper

Mercury cadmium telluride infrared detector development in India: status and issues

R. Singh

Proceedings Volume 7298, 729831 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.821349

KEYWORDS: Photovoltaics, Sensors, Mercury cadmium telluride, Infrared detectors, Liquid phase epitaxy, Thermography, Crystals, Staring arrays, Indium, Chemical elements

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In the present paper, we describe the development of Long Wave Infrared (8-12 μm) linear and 2-D IR FPA detectors using HgCdTe for use in thermal imagers and IIR seekers. In this direction, Solid State Physics Laboratory(SSPL) (DRDO) tried to concentrate initially in the bulk growth and characterization of HgCdTe during the early eighties. Some efforts were then made to develop a LWIR photoconductive type MCT array in linear configuration with the IRFPA processed on bulk MCT crystals grown in the laboratory. Non availability of quality epilayers with the required specification followed by the denial of supply of CdTe, CdZnTe and even high purity Te by advanced countries, forced us to shift our efforts during early nineties towards development of 60 element PC IR detectors. High performance linear PC arrays were developed. A novel horizontal casting procedure was evolved for growing high quality bulk material using solid state recrystallization technique. Efforts for ultra purification of Te to 7N purity with the help of a sister concern has made it possible to have this material indigenously. Having succeded in the technology for growing single crystalline CdZnTe with (111) orientation and LPE growth of HgCdTe epilayers on CdZnTe substrates an attempt was made to establish the fabrication of 2D short PV arrays showing significant IR response. Thus a detailed technological knowhow for passivation, metallization, ion implanted junction formation, etc. was generated. Parallel work on the development of a matching CCD Mux readout in silicon by Semiconductor Complex Limited was also completed which was tested first in stand-alone mode followed by integration with IRFPAs through indigenously-developed indium bumps. These devices were integrated into an indigenously fabricated glass dewar cooled by a self-developed JT minicooler. In recent years, the LPE (Liquid Phase Epitaxy) growth from Terich route has been standardized for producing epitaxial layers with high compositional and thickness uniformity leading to a respectable stage of maturity in FPA technology.

Proceedings Article | 4 November 1996 Paper

Design of high performance FLIR for multiple applications

Ram Singh

Proceedings Volume 2818, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.256092

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Thermography, Scanners, Signal processing, Electronics, Telescopes, Staring arrays, Imaging systems, Forward looking infrared, Polygon scanners

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