This paper discusses a concept of bimorph deformable mirror used in adaptive optics to compensate for manufacturing errors, gravity release and thermal distortion affecting large lightweight mirrors in space telescopes. The mirror consists of a single-crystal Silicon wafer (D=75 mm t=500μm) covered with an optical coating on the front side and an array of 25 independent PZT actuators acting in d31 mode on the back side. The mirror is mounted on an isostatic support with three linear PZT actuators controlling the rigid-body motion. The paper presents the experimental results obtained with this design and a new, more compact alternative.
This paper examines the active optics of future large segmented telescopes from the point of view of dynamic simulation and control. The first part of the paper is devoted to the modelling of the mirror. The model has a moderate size and separates the quasi-static behavior of the mirror (primary response) from the dynamic response (secondary or residual response). The second part of the paper is devoted to control. The control strategy considers explicitly the primary response of the telescope through a singular value controller. The control-structure interaction is addressed with the general robustness theory of multivariable feedback systems, where the secondary response is considered as uncertainty. This approach is very fast and allows extensive parametric studies. The study is illustrated with an example involving 90 segments, 270 inputs, and 654 outputs.
The Zernike phase contrast sensor has been studied in the framework of the Active Phasing Experiment in the laboratory and on sky at the Very Large Telescope. Atmospheric turbulence strongly affects the shape of the signal of the Zernike phase contrast sensor. The first part of these proceedings is dedicated to a study of the influence of atmospheric turbulence on the signal of the Zernike phase contrast sensor. The second part is dedicated to the phasing of segmented deformable mirrors. A new technology of segmented deformable mirrors for adaptive optics made from silicon wafers with bimorph piezoelectric actuation has been proven to work. A demonstrator with three hexagonal segments of 90 mm corner to corner has been built. The morphing capability of the segmented mirror has been studied and validated by simulations and on a test bench. In this paper, we demonstrate with simulations the phasing of the segmented bimorph mirror with the Zernike phase contrast method. Aspects such as phasing in the presence of segment aberrations have been investigated.
This paper examines the possibility of constructing deformable mirrors for adaptive optics with a large number of degrees of freedom from silicon wafers with bimorph piezoelectric actuation. The mirror may be used on its own, or as a segment of a larger mirror. The typical size of one segment is 100 to 200 mm; the production process relies on silicon wafers and thick film piezoelectric material deposition technology; it is able to lead to an actuation pitch of the order of 5 mm, and the manufacturing costs appear to grow only slowly with the number of degrees of freedom in the adaptive optics.
This paper examines the possibility of constructing deformable mirrors for adaptive optics with a large number
of degrees of freedom, by assembling segmented silicon mirrors with bimorph piezoelectric actuation. The
production process relies on silicon wafers and thick film PZT deposition technology; it is able to lead to an
actuation pitch of the order of 5 mm, and the manufacturing costs appear to grow only slowly (linearly or less)
with the number of degrees of freedom in the adaptive optics.
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