With continuous development, the hyperspectral imaging has become a hot topic in the field of remote sensing, since its enormous advantage in obtaining the material composition of atmosphere, land resources, battlefield environment and marine resources while observing the Earth in space. However, some challenges have hindered the application of space-based hyperspectral imaging system. To fulfill the requirements of the spectral imager especially for space use, the lightweight and stable structure is especially important. Here the implementation of a Large Aperture Hyperspectral Imaging Optical System is presented. The optical system achieves hyperspectral imaging from ultraviolet to infrared spectral bands. The different spectral bands share a large common aperture of Ø1.8m. A lightweight primary mirror is designed and supported by bipod structure. To keep the large distance between the primary mirror and second mirror, a Lightweight and high-strength truss has been applied. A hierarchical structure is adopt as the main structure of the whole system. With the diffraction gratings and optical slits, the image information of different spectral bands are detected by the different lines of pixels in a focal plane of planar array. By the creative works of the optical and mechanical design, a hyperspectral imaging optical system is implemented and shows the extensive application potential in space remote sensing.
Compared to current radio-frequency technology, Free-Space Optical (FSO) communication holds tremendous advantages, such as higher data rates, high security, light weight, smaller size, and less power. FSO communication has attracted considerable attention for space activities. Optical antenna and Acquisition, Pointing and Tracking (APT) system are crucial technologies of FSO communication. The tasks of optical antenna include narrowing the diverging angle of transmitted beam, assure the wavefront quality of beam transmitted and received, and improve angular resolution for fine pointing. For a Chinese space mission, a 4-mirror off-axis optical system coupled with Coude path is designed. The telescope is mounted on a 2-axis gimbal mechanism to implement coarse pointing. The optical terminals were launched in 2018. The ground-to-satellite and inter-satellite bi-directional communication demonstrations are carried out successfully. The performance of the optical terminal satisfies all requirements of the mission.
In space optical system, image display and generation can be influenced by various factors such as stray light, space distance, orbit parameters and so on. To acquire accurate and clear image, these factors should be considered. Before acquiring the real image, simulation is necessary. Through comparing the simulated image with the real one, accuracy can be proved. This paper focuses on building a three-dimensional (3D) model of a satellite and simulating its orbit according to the real data. The 3D images of the satellite should be acquired in specific positions and postures from a camera on another satellite. 3D Studio Max is the software used in the process to build models, simulate and generate images. It is a 3D computer graphics program for making 3D animations, models, and images. Also in the paper, stray light relevant to the satellite surfaces is analyzed. Tracepro is the software used in the stray light analyze to trace the light on the surfaces. It is an optical engineering software program for designing and analyzing optical and illumination systems. Stray light analyzing result is addicted to the 3D images, so that the images are more precise. Therefore, the final images can be complete images including light intensity information of the satellite surfaces which makes the images more real.
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