Dr. Sebastian Beck Profile

Dr. Sebastian Beck

at Ruprecht-Karls-Univ Heidelberg

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Proceedings Article | 10 November 2016 Presentation

IR spectroscopic investigation of charge transfer at interfaces of organic semiconductors (Conference Presentation)

Sebastian Beck, Sabina Hillebrandt, Annemarie Pucci

Proceedings Volume 9923, 992308 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2238493

KEYWORDS: Interfaces, Infrared spectroscopy, Oxides, Organic semiconductors, Organic electronics, Zinc, Molybdenum, Indium, Tin, Spectroscopy

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In organic electronics, the interactions at interfaces between different organic and inorganic layers play a decisive role for device functionality and performance. Therefore, more detailed, quantitative studies of charge transfer (CT) at such interfaces are needed to improve the understanding of the underlying mechanisms. In this study we show that in-situ infrared spectroscopy can be used to investigate CT effects at organic/organic as well as inorganic/organic interfaces quantitatively. For different combinations of commonly used organic semiconductors such as 4,4´-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1´-biphenyl (CBP) or fluorinated zinc phthalocyanine (F4ZnPc) and inorganic contact materials such as molybdenum oxide (MoO3) or indium tin oxide (ITO) the CT at the interface was investigated using in-situ IR spectroscopy. The measurements were carried out under UHV conditions during film growth what enables a careful study of the influence of different parameters such as substrate temperature and layer thickness in a controlled way even on a nanometer scale. When the organic molecules are deposited onto the underlying layer charged and non-charged species form which can be identified and quantitatively analyzed in the IR spectra. It was also found that the deposition sequence can strongly influence the interface properties what might have strong implications on the layer stack design. For example, when MoO3 is deposited onto CBP, the CBP layer is strongly doped, due to diffusion of the deposited transition metal oxide clusters into the organic layer. Financial support by BMBF (project INTERPHASE) is gratefully acknowledged.

Proceedings Article | 1 May 2014 Paper

IR spectroscopic studies of charge transfer in organic semiconductors

Sebastian Beck, David Gerbert, Christian Krekeler, Tobias Glaser, Annemarie Pucci

Proceedings Volume 9137, 91370T (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2054203

KEYWORDS: Molecules, Infrared spectroscopy, Absorption, Organic semiconductors, Doping, Cesium, Dielectrics, Spectroscopy, Oscillators, Neodymium

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Charge transfer (CT) mechanisms are crucial for device performance in organic electronics, but they are still not understood on a fundamental level. Here we want to show that in situ IR spectroscopy is very well suited to investigate CT effects in organic semiconductors in a qualitative and quantitative way. We study the ambipolar transport material 4,4´-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1´-biphenyl (CBP) as matrix and cesium carbonate (Cs₂CO₃) as n-dopant. To achieve doped layers, both materials were evaporated simultaneously. The system is one of the rare ones for n-doping of organic layers. In the spectra of the doped layers, additional absorption bands appear in the mid IR range. These can be assigned to the negatively charged matrix molecules that indicate electron transfer. The charged molecules exhibit these different absorption bands, as the charge transfer leads to a change in bond length and bond strength of the molecules. Our results very well agree with density functional theory calculations of the vibrational spectra of both, charged and non-charged molecules. By fitting the spectra of the doped layers as a superposition of the vibrational oscillators of neutral and charged species, we were able to quantify the amount of charged matrix molecules and to determine the doping efficiency of the investigated systems. For CBP n-doped with Cs₂CO₃ a hindrance of the CT due to air exposure could be observed.

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