Quantitative phase information which can reflect the internal structure and refractive index distribution of the object is able to be obtained by diffractive and interferometry techniques. However, the phase resolution achieved by the diffraction method is lower than that of interferometry method; while the setup for interferometry method is more complex. To obtain high-resolution phase images without reference beam path, we propose an end-to-end DL based super resolved quantitative phase imaging method (AF-SRQPI) based on generative adversarial network (GAN) to transform low-resolution amplitude images into super-resolved phase images. Meanwhile, considering the inevitable out-focusing during the long hours of observing, autofocusing function is also included by the network. In the training process, out-of-focus low-resolution amplitude images are used as the inputs and corresponding super-resolved phase images obtained by structured illumination digital holographic microscopy (SI-DHM) are used as the ground truth labels. The well-trained network can reconstruct the high-resolution phase image at high speed (20fps) from a single-shot out-of-focus amplitude image. Comparing with other DL-based reconstruction schemes, the proposed method can perform autofocusing and superresolution phase imaging simultaneously. The simulation results verify that the high-resolution quantitative phase images of different biological samples can be reconstructed by using AF-SRQPI .
Perfect optical vortices (POVs), consists of a single bright ring structure, has been widely studied owing to its radius independent of orbital angular momentum (OAM). However, most of the existing works about POVs are limited to single ring structure. Flexible shaping of intensity distribution of POVs is vital for multiple applications. In this paper, we propose a method generate phase tunable multi-ring perfect optical vortices (MR-POVs) where each ring size is independent of its OAM. The scheme is based on the radical discontinuous spiral phase plate (RD-SPP) which introduces controllable phase jumps along radial direction. It is experimentally demonstrated that the vortex nature of the MR-POVs through an interferometric method, showing that each ring of MR-POVs possesses same topological charge value (magnitude and sign), and the intensity ratio between each ring can be freely regulated by adjusting phase distribution, which could offer more flexible optical gradient force for guiding and transporting particles. In addition, simulation and experimental results show that the integer and fractional MR-POV can generated by the independent regulation of angular and radial factors. This work expands our understanding of multi-ring POV and may provide a new idea for optical tweezers and OAM communications.
KEYWORDS: Digital holography, 3D image reconstruction, Polarization, Data hiding, Digital watermarking, Multiplexing, Digital imaging, Beam splitters, Holograms, Holography
A novel algorithm of multi-image hiding method is presented based on polarization multiplexing digital holography
(PMDH). In our single wavelength PMDH scheme, four beams, two p-polarized beams and two s-polarized beams, are
formed by two Polarization Beam Splitters (PBS) in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Then two different object waves
with mutually orthogonal polarization states interfere corresponding reference waves respectively. Therefore two objects
can be acquired from the compound holography recorded by CCD with proper incident angle between two reference
beams simultaneously. The hologram storing multi-image is then superposed on the discrete-cosine-transform (DCT)
domain of the content image, and the extraction process only requires the watermarked image without content image.
Simulation results also demonstrate that the embedded multi-image can be successfully extracted under different kinds of
attacks.
KEYWORDS: Holograms, Digital holography, 3D image reconstruction, Diffraction, Charge-coupled devices, Optical filters, Digital recording, Laser processing, Multiplexing, Real time image processing
In this paper, we report a method for color image reconstruction by recording only one single multi-wavelength
hologram. In the recording process, three lasers of different wavelengths emitting in the red, green and blue regions are
used for illuminating on the object and the object diffraction fields will arrive at the hologram plane simultaneously.
Three reference beams with different spatial angles will interfere with the corresponding object diffraction fields on the
hologram plane, respectively. Finally, a series of sub-holograms incoherently overlapped on the CCD to be recorded as a
multi-wavelength hologram. Angular division multiplexing is employed to reference beams so that the spatial spectra of
the multiple recordings will be separated in the Fourier plane. In the reconstruction process, the multi-wavelength
hologram will be Fourier transformed into its Fourier plane, where the spatial spectra of different wavelengths are
separated and can be easily extracted by employing frequency filtering. The extracted spectra are used to reconstruct the
corresponding monochromatic complex amplitudes, which will be synthesized to reconstruct the color image. For singleexposure
recording technique, it is convenient for applications on the real-time image processing fields. However, the
quality of the reconstructed images is affected by speckle noise. How to improve the quality of the images needs for
further research.
KEYWORDS: Data hiding, Principal component analysis, Digital watermarking, Wavelets, Image storage, Digital holography, Information security, Discrete wavelet transforms, Image analysis, Wavelet transforms
In this paper, a hiding method is proposed to store vast quantities of image information based on PCA. A sequence
eigenimages of objects are obtained by using PCA method. Then, wavelet coefficients of eigenimages are embedded into
the wavelet domain of the carrying image. When the hiding information is extracted, we can take advantage of the
decomposition coefficients to reconstruct the objects. The proposed method does not store the object images directly, but
store the eigenimages which contain information of the objects. The experimental results show that the features of object
are effectively embedded into the carrying image, and the proposed algorithm has a high capacity.
Performance of quantum dot based on cross-gain in SOA NOR optical logic gate has been simulated. The saturation power and cross gain modulation of a QD SOA are numerically analysed with the rate equation model which takes into account the effect of the excited state and the wetting layer (WL). The calculated result will be used to study the NOR performance.
By means of experimental technique of optical fractional Fourier transform, we have determined the fractal dimension of a regular ordinary fractal pattern to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach. Experimental results show that optical fractional Fourier transform is a practical method to analyze the ordinary fractal patterns.
Region logical operation is proposed for segmenting the object from the background or noise. Region logical operation is quite different from ordinary pixel logical operation. The entire object is processed region-by-region rather than pixel-by-pixel when regional logical algorithm is used for pattern recognition. The experimental results show object pre-processing based on region logical operation is simple and effective, it can be widely used in optical pattern recognition and image processing.
A novel algorithm, which is based on creating the variance image of original image, for infrared image enhancement is proposed. Ordinary spatial filtering is powerful of reducing the noise of image, but it also reduces the contrast of image. Compared with spatial filtering, variance image not only reduces the noise but also enhances the image. In this paper, we combine the variance image and histogram equalization to enhance the infrared image blurred by random noise. The experimental results show the algorithm based on creating variance image is simple and effective, it can be widely used in infrared image enhancement.
In this paper we have successfully applied optical diffraction method to the study of fractional Fourier transforms of a regular fractal pattern—a snowflake. Fractals may be divided into two kinds: the 1stkind is called regular fractal which may be generated artificially according to a set of mathematical rules and it exhibits strict self-similarity; while the 2nd kind is called irregular fractal in which strict self-similarity is replaced by statistical self-similarity. We have obtained fractional Fourier transforms of a snowflake by optical method as an example of regular fractal. Different orders of fractional Fourier transforms are obtained. These are compared with ordinary Fourier transform of the same pattern. These experimental results are discussed in the light of the fractional Fourier transform for pattern recognition. These results may be readily extended to the case of irregular fractals which closely correspond to most of natural patterns.
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