Dr. Stanley Michael Angel Profile

Dr. Stanley Michael Angel

Associate Professor at Univ of South Carolina

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Author

Publications (27)

Proceedings Article | 19 May 2015 Paper

The development of a wide-field, high-resolution UV Raman hyperspectral imager

Nathaniel Gomer, Matthew Nelson, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 9455, 94550N (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2177142

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Spectroscopy, Hyperspectral imaging, Imaging systems, Spectral resolution, Ultraviolet radiation, Deep ultraviolet, Sensors, Heterodyning, Charge-coupled devices

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Raman spectroscopy is a valuable tool for the investigation and analysis of explosive and biological analytes because it provides a unique molecular fingerprint that allows for unambiguous target identification. Raman can be advantageous when utilized with deep UV excitation, but typical deep UV Raman systems have numerous limitations that hinder their performance and make their potential integration onto a field portable platform difficult. These systems typically offer very low throughput, are physically large and heavy, and can only probe an area the size of a tightly focused laser, severely diminishing the ability of the system to investigate large areas efficiently. The majority of these limitations are directly related to a system’s spectrometer, which is typically dispersive grating based and requires a very narrow slit width and long focal length optics to achieve high spectral resolution. To address these shortcomings, ChemImage Sensor Systems (CISS), teaming with the University of South Carolina, are developing a revolutionary wide-field Raman hyperspectral imaging system capable of providing wide-area, high resolution measurements with greatly increased throughput in a small form factor, which would revolutionize the way Raman is conducted and applied. The innovation couples a spatial heterodyne spectrometer (SHS), a novel slit-less spectrometer that operates similar to Michelson interferometer, with a fiber array spectral translator (FAST) fiber array, a two-dimensional imaging fiber for hyperspectral imagery. This combination of technologies creates a novel wide-field, high throughput Raman hyperspectral imager capable of yielding very high spectral resolution measurements using defocused excitation, giving the system a greater area coverage and faster search rate than traditional Raman systems. This paper will focus on the need for an innovative UV Raman system, provide an overview of spatial heterodyne Raman spectroscopy, and discuss the development of the system.

Proceedings Article | 11 September 2008 Paper

Raman analysis of common gases using a Multi-pass Capillary Cell (MCC)

Christopher Gordon, William Pearman, J. Chance Carter, James Wai-Jeung Chan, S. Michael Angel

Proceedings Volume 7061, 70610L (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.795586

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Capillaries, Carbon dioxide, Gases, Fiber optics, Calibration, Waveguides, Refractive index, Fiber optics tests, Liquids

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Proceedings Article | 30 December 2004 Paper

Remote Raman and laser-induced fluorescence (RLIF) emission instrument for detection of mineral, organic, and biogenic materials on Mars to 100 meters radial distance

Shiv Sharma, Syed Ismail, S. Angel, Paul Lucey, Christopher McKay, Anupam Misra, Peter Mouginis-Mark, Horton Newsom, Edward Scott, Upendra Singh, G. Taylor

Proceedings Volume 5660, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581417

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Laser induced fluorescence, Minerals, Mars, Luminescence, Sensors, Raman scattering, LIDAR, Prototyping, Spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 31 August 2000 Paper

Simple techniques for chemical imaging at many wavelengths simultaneously using a novel 2D to 1D optical fiber array

S. Angel, Maria Schiza, Michael Myrick, Matthew Nelson

Proceedings Volume 4074, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.397869

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Optical fibers, Carbon dioxide, Image sensors, Dimension reduction, Luminescence, Imaging arrays, Imaging spectroscopy, Optical sensors, CCD image sensors

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Proceedings Article | 21 December 1999 Paper

Development of a dual-pulse fiber optic LIBS probe for in-situ elemental analyses

Kristine Eland, Dimitra Stratis, J. Carter, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 3853, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.372865

KEYWORDS: Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, Fiber optics, Lead, Copper, Pulsed laser operation, Optical fibers, Plasma, Fiber lasers, Solids, Instrument modeling

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Proceedings Article | 21 December 1999 Paper

Dual-pulse LIBS: why are two lasers better than one?

Dimitra Stratis, Kristine Eland, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 3853, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.372877

KEYWORDS: LIDAR, Plasma, Sensors, Lead, Copper, Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, Pulsed laser operation, Environmental monitoring, Infrared sensors, Laser ablation

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Proceedings Article | 16 December 1999 Paper

Remote Raman using polymer mirrors

J. Carter, Dimitra Stratis, Shiv Sharma, Wally Scrivens, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 3854, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.372895

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Polymers, Raman spectroscopy, Glasses, Charge-coupled devices, Tunable filters, Imaging systems, Spectrographs, Telescopes, Image resolution

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Proceedings Article | 9 December 1999 Paper

Lifetime imaging with optical fibers

Susan Glenn, Brian Cullum, Slade Shealy, Janet Regal, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 3860, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.372957

KEYWORDS: Luminescence, Sensors, Imaging systems, Fiber optics, Optical sensors, Fiber optics sensors, Pulsed laser operation, Cameras, Molecules, Optical fibers

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Proceedings Article | 9 December 1999 Paper

Hyperspectral imaging sensors using a novel 2D to 1D fiber array

Maria Schiza, Matthew Nelson, Michael Myrick, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 3860, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.373006

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Carbon dioxide, Image sensors, Imaging arrays, Optical sensors, Spectral resolution, Coating, Luminescence, Sol-gels, Hyperspectral imaging

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Proceedings Article | 23 November 1999 Paper

Feasibility of remote Raman imaging using tunable filters

J. Carter, Dimitra Stratis, Shiv Sharma, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 3856, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.371308

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Spectrographs, Tunable filters, Diamond, Optical filters, Light sources, Image transmission, Imaging spectroscopy, Image filtering, Optical fibers

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Proceedings Article | 23 February 1999 Paper

Fiber optic imaging for in-situ chemical measurements

J. Carter, William Egan, Rajesh Nair, Catherine Murphy, Stephen Morgan, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 3540, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.339799

KEYWORDS: Diffusion, Luminescence, Image sensors, Electrodes, Sensors, Ions, Data modeling, Optical sensors, Fiber optics, Fiber optics tests

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Proceedings Article | 23 February 1999 Paper

Characterization of mixed TiO2 and SiO2 sol-gel membranes for volatile organochloride sensing

Maria Schiza, Delana Nivens, Fred Milanovich, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 3540, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.339793

KEYWORDS: Sol-gels, Sensors, Crystals, Raman spectroscopy, Fiber optics sensors, Silica, X-ray diffraction, Composites, Carbon dioxide, Glasses

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Proceedings Article | 23 February 1999 Paper

Development of a lifetime-based fiber optic imaging sensor to study water transport in thin Nafion membranes

Susan Glenn, Brian Cullum, J. Carter, Rajesh Nair, Delana Nivens, Catherine Murphy, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 3540, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.339801

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Luminescence, Fiber optics, Fiber optics sensors, Optical sensors, Oxygen, Optical fibers, Electrodes, Optical fiber cables, Imaging systems

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Proceedings Article | 10 February 1999 Paper

Development of a fiber optic REMPI probe for environmental contaminants

Brian Cullum, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 3534, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.339030

KEYWORDS: Electrodes, Fiber optics, Calibration, Optical fibers, Fiber lasers, Ionization, Fiber optics tests, Resonance enhancement, Ions, Platinum

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Proceedings Article | 10 February 1999 Paper

Characterization of laser-induced plasmas for fiber optic probes

Dimitra Stratis, Kristine Eland, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 3534, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.339049

KEYWORDS: Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, Plasmas, Lead, Copper, Pulsed laser operation, Fiber lasers, Fiber optics, Laser ablation, Optical fibers, Instrument modeling

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Proceedings Article | 30 May 1997 Paper

Multilayer fiber optic chemical sensors employing organically modified SiO2 and mixed TiO2/SiO2 sol gel membranes

Delana Nivens, Maria Schiza, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 3105, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.276134

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Sol-gels, Fiber optics sensors, Silica, Carbon dioxide, Coating, Fiber optics, Molecules, Calibration, Multilayers

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Fiber-optic sensors have been developed that incorporate multi-layer organically modified silica sol-gel membranes. pH sensors use a single layer hydrophilic organo-silica sol-gel membrane with a covalently attached pH sensitive dye, hydroxypyrene trisulfonic acid. The hydrophilic coating is made by copolymerizing silanol-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and tetraethylorthosilicate with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. Unlike previous methods, which use acid as a catalyst, we have found that a base catalyst produces optically transparent gels. The sol-gel coated sensors are simple to make and require drying and aging times of as little as one day. Sensors made using these gels exhibit very good long-term stability, fast response times and no dye leaching. pCO₂ sensors were fabricated using the same pH sensitive sol-gel layer overcoated with a hydrophobic high organic content sol- gel membrane. The response of the pH and pCO₂ sensors is very fast due to the high porosity of the sol-gel membranes. Although in-situ sensors have been described for a number of organic and inorganic species, many volatile organochloride compounds (VOCs), such as perchloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE), have been difficult to measure using current fiber-optic sensor transduction schemes. One of the optical sensors described here is a multilayer (3-4) sol-gel system that incorporates a TiO₂/SiO₂ membrane to degrade VOCs into smaller, detectable products. Upon exposure to UV light, TiO₂, a semiconductor with a bandgap of 3.2 eV, produces highly reactive electron-hole pairs that are capable of photodegrading most organic compounds. The VOCs mentioned above are sensitive to degradative oxidation on TiO₂ surfaces. During photodegradation of VOCs a number of products are formed including H⁺, HCl, CO₂ and a number of smaller hydrocarbons. These products are produced in the TiO₂ membrane and on TiO₂ surfaces and the products diffuse into the nearby indicator membrane where they are detected. Carbon dioxide and protons produced are detected by the pH sensitive indicator layer described above. pH and CO₂ sensors, and preliminary data for the measurement of VOCs will be presented.

Proceedings Article | 9 October 1995 Paper

Evaluation of the performance of laser sources and fiber optic probes for in-situ Raman measurements

S. Angel, Thomas Cooney, H. Skinner

Proceedings Volume 2504, (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.224118

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Semiconductor lasers, Fiber optics, Solids, Raman scattering, Optical filters, Fiber optics tests, Optical fibers, Light scattering, Scattering

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Proceedings Article | 10 March 1994 Paper

Total light loss fiber optic spectroscopy: Progress towards a fiber optic raman organic sensor

Kevin Kyle, Thomas Vess, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 2068, (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.170654

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Fiber optics, Waveguides, Sensors, Optical fibers, Glasses, Fiber optics sensors, Polymers, Refractive index, Liquids

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Proceedings Article | 10 March 1994 Paper

Thermoelectric cooled, purge-and-trap device for enhancing the utility of fiber optic VOC sensors

Eugene Mizusawa, Paul Daley, Kevin Kyle, Kevin Langry, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 2068, (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.170680

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Carbon, Fiber optics sensors, Thermoelectric materials, Fiber optics, Copper, Nitrogen, Calibration, Linear filtering, Polymers

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Proceedings Article | 1 May 1992 Paper

Near-visible Raman instrumentation for remote multipoint process monitoring using optical fibers and optical multiplexing

Thomas Vess, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 1637, (1992) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.59330

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Fiber optics, Optical fibers, Spectrographs, Fiber optics tests, Charge-coupled devices, Environmental monitoring, Optical multiplexing, Environmental sensing, Optical filters

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Proceedings Article | 1 March 1992 Paper

Simple reversible fiber optic chemical sensors using solvatochromic dyes

S. Angel, Brian Anderson, Kevin Langry

Proceedings Volume 1587, (1992) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.56537

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Fiber optics sensors, Optical fibers, Calibration, Fiber optics, Environmental sensing, Infrared sensors, Polymers, Luminescence, Cladding

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Proceedings Article | 1 March 1992 Paper

Simultaneous multipoint fiber optic Raman sampling for chemical process control using diode lasers and a CCD detector

S. Angel, Thomas Vess, Michael Myrick

Proceedings Volume 1587, (1992) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.56549

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Fiber optics sensors, Fiber optics, Charge-coupled devices, Epoxies, Sensors, Spectrographs, Environmental sensing, CCD image sensors, Fiber optics tests

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Proceedings Article | 1 July 1991 Paper

Remote Raman spectroscopy using diode lasers and fiber-optic probes

S. Angel, Michael Myrick, Thomas Vess

Proceedings Volume 1435, (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.44232

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Semiconductor lasers, Sensors, Fiber optics, Charge-coupled devices, Diodes, Optical fibers, CCD image sensors, Germanium, Spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 1 March 1991 Paper

Preliminary field demonstration of a fiber optic trichloroethylene sensor

S. Angel, Kevin Langry, Jeffrey Roe, Bill Colston, Paul Daley, Fred Milanovich

Proceedings Volume 1368, (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.24802

KEYWORDS: Fiber optics sensors, Sensors, Optical fibers, Calibration, Fiber optics, Capillaries, Environmental sensing, Molecules, Chemical analysis, Sensor technology

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Proceedings Article | 1 September 1990 Paper

Fluorescence microstructure using a laser/fiber optic profiler

Timothy Cowles, Russell Desiderio, James Moum, Michael Myrick, Darrel Garvis, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 1302, (1990) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.21455

KEYWORDS: Luminescence, Ocean optics, Laser optics, Optical fibers, Sensors, Optical filters, Connectors, Fluorometers, Shape memory alloys, GRIN lenses

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Proceedings Article | 1 July 1990 Paper

Stability studies of a pH-sensitive polymer matrix: applications to fiber optic pH sensors

M. Allen Northrup, Kevin Langry, S. Angel

Proceedings Volume 1201, (1990) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.17561

KEYWORDS: Polymers, Sensors, Optical fibers, Fiber optics sensors, Polymer optical fibers, Fiber optics, Polymeric sensors, Luminescence, Polymerization, Medicine

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Proceedings Article | 1 July 1990 Paper

Development of a drug assay using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

S. Angel, Jeffrey Roe, Brian Andresen, Michael Myrick, Fred Milanovich

Proceedings Volume 1201, (1990) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.17572

KEYWORDS: Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Optical fibers, Fiber optics, Gold, Semiconductor lasers, Silver, Medicine, Chemical compounds, Target detection

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Showing 5 of 27 publications

Conference Committee Involvement (1)

Smart Medical and Biomedical Sensor Technology II

25 October 2004 | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

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