Micro CT system is developed for lung function analysis at a high resolution of the micrometer order (up to 5μm in spatial resolution). This system reveals the lung distal structures such as interlobular septa, terminal bronchiole, respiratory bronchiole, alveolar duct, and alveolus. In order to visualize lung 3-D microstructures using micro CT images and to analyze them, this research presents a computerized approach. This approach is applied for to micro CT images of human lung tissue specimens that were obtained by surgical excision and were kept in the state of the inflated fixed lung. This report states a wall area such as bronchus wall and alveolus wall about the extraction technique by using the surface thinning process to analyze the lung microstructures from micro CT images measured by the new-model micro CT system.
Micro CT system is developed for lung function analysis at a high resolution of the micrometer order (up to 5 μm in spatial resolution). This system reveals the lung distal structures such as interlobular septa, terminal bronchiole, respiratory bronchiole, alveolar duct, and alveolus. In order to visualize lung 3-D microstructures using micro CT images and to analyze them, this research presents a computerized approach. In this approach, the following things are performed: (1) extracting lung distal structures from micro CT images, (2) visualizing extracted lung microstructure in three dimensions, and (3) visualizing inside of lung distal area in three dimensions with fly-through. This approach is applied for to micro CT images of human lung tissue specimens that were obtained by surgical excision and were kept in the state of the inflated fixed lung. And this research succeeded in visualization of lung microstructures using micro CT images to reveal the lung distal structures from bronchiole up to alveolus.
When computers are used to execute tasks, it is often necessary for the user to locate a target item in a menu or a list. For example, users of word processors and spreadsheet applications select appropriate commands in a hierarchical menu to display dialog boxes and edit file or table attributes. To locate the desired information on the World Wide Web, users select the most appropriate candidate out of those presented by a search engine, and proceed through a series of hyperlinks that appear to be related to the task. This paper applies a cognitive model of the user's item selection process to the task of target search in a hierarchical menu system that contains one or more of the following four operations: (1) item selection on the basis of similarity to the task, (2) consideration in various ways of the selection history when making the next selection, (3) backtracking when an appropriate item is not present among those selectable at a given point in time, and (4) abandoning the task unachieved. We model this selection process with Markov chains. We calculate the probability that task goals are achieved and the average number of selections to make until the task goals are achieved. Finally we use these results to propose a method of evaluating the structures of hierarchical menus and links on a website.
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