This paper details investigations in two multiferroic materials, Co-doped BaTiO3 (BTO) and pure BiFeO3 (BFO). The
Co doping in BTO was to induce a magnetic moment into the ferroelectric BTO crystal while BFO is known to be
ferroelectric and magnetic. Co-BTO was synthesized and studied in the bulk ceramic form while BFO was sputter
deposited on to Si substrate and studied in the thin film form. The samples were heated in argon and air at specified
temperatures and their magnetic properties were assessed. It was found that heating in O-poor, argon induced a
significantly higher magnetic moment at saturation while the O-rich atmosphere did not. Subsequent investigations using
XANES and XPS seem to indicate that the O-vacancy levels when heated in these atmospheres changed. Repeated
heating in the two atmospheres alternatively confirmed the switching of magnetic behaviour indicating that this could be
used as material whose saturation magnetization could be manipulated by prior heat treatment. This could also be a
material to sense the O-level in a high temperature gaseous environment since it would be registered in its memory as the
magnetic saturation moment.
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