Dr. Thomas G. Bifano Profile

Dr. Thomas G. Bifano

at Boston Univ

SPIE Involvement:

Conference Chair | Editor | Author

Publications (74)

Proceedings Article | 5 March 2021 Presentation

Volumetric chemical imaging in vivo by a deformable mirror-based remote-focusing stimulated Raman scattering microscope

Peng Lin, Hongli Ni, Huate Li, Yuying Tan, Nicholas Vickers, Thomas Bifano, Ji-Xin Cheng

Proceedings Volume 11656, 116561N (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2576997

KEYWORDS: In vivo imaging, Imaging spectroscopy, Microscopes, Raman scattering, Microscopy, Wavefronts, Objectives, Imaging systems, Algorithm development, Raman spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 4 March 2019 Presentation

Volumetric stimulated Raman imaging with a high-speed deformable mirror (Conference Presentation)

Peng Lin, Hongli Ni, Huate Li, Fengyuan Deng, Nicholas Vickers, Yunyin Tang, Thomas Bifano, Ji-Xin Cheng

Proceedings Volume 10890, 108900Q (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2513208

KEYWORDS: Deformable mirrors, Raman spectroscopy, 3D image processing, Imaging systems, Objectives, Image resolution, Raman scattering, 3D metrology, Complex systems, Lenses

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Proceedings Article | 4 March 2019 Presentation

Extended depth of field adaptive scanning optical microscope (Conference Presentation)

Thomas Bifano, Huate Li

Proceedings Volume 10886, 108860A (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2514578

KEYWORDS: Focus stacking, Optical microscopes, Objectives, Microscopes, Cameras, Imaging systems, Calibration, Microelectromechanical systems, Deformable mirrors, Mirrors

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An adaptive scanning optical microscope with extended depth of field (ASOM-EDOF) is described. The system is based on the ASOM developed previously*, and uses a custom-built Thorlabs 0.21NA objective with a 75mm pupil diameter that allows scanned imaging over a circular region of 40mm diameter using fast steering mirror. The microscope is configured for fluorescence imaging with epi-illumination. A 140 actuator, 5.5µm stroke DM is conjugated to the pupil of the objective, and is used in conjunction with a Shack Hartmann wavefront sensor in an adaptive optics loop to measure and compensate errors of the objective as a function of nominal scan angle. At a given scan angle, the microscope camera forms an image of a 200µm x 200µm region with resolution of about 1.4µm. Images recorded at different scan angles can be stitched together to form a larger image mosaic. At each scan angle, the DM has been calibrated not only to compensate astatic aberrations, but also to perform an axial focal sweep: changing shape from concave to convex at high speed during a single camera exposure. This type of extended depth of field (EDOF) imaging (without aberration compensation) has been reported previously**. By combining these two techniques (ASOM and EDOF), a single recorded camera frame includes in-focus light from objects at depths from the nominal objective focus to depths +/-250µm from that focus, corresponding to an extension of the depth of focus by a factor of 100x for this microscope. The image also includes out-of-focus light from all depths. After a simple deconvolution, one can recover the in-focus light from all swept layers, condensed into a 2D image. Calibration details and performance metrics are described, along with example images from large volumetric samples. *Potsaid B, Wen JTY, “Adaptive scanning optical microscope: large field of view and high-resolution imaging using a MEMS deformable mirror,” Journal of Micro-Nanolithography Mems and Moems, [7], 10, (2008). **Shain WJ, Vickers NA, Goldberg BB, Bifano T, Mertz J, “Extended depth-of-field microscopy with a high-speed deformable mirror,” Optics Letters, [42], 995-998, (2017).

Proceedings Article | 18 September 2018 Presentation + Paper

Digital image capture for high-resolution medical x-ray diagnostics

Theodore Morse, Nicholas Mostovych, Rajiv Gupta, Timothy Murphy, Peter Weber, Nerine Cherepy, Bernhard Adams, Thomas Bifano, Brian Stankus, Adil Akif, Angus Kingon

Proceedings Volume 10763, 107630E (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2321166

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Mammography, X-rays, Cameras, Diagnostics, Scintillators, X-ray detectors, Photodetectors, CMOS sensors, Image resolution

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Proceedings Article | 11 September 2018 Presentation + Paper

Demonstration of a high resolution x-ray detector for medical imaging

Theodore Morse, Nicholas Mostovych, Rajiv Gupta, Timothy Murphy, Peter Weber, Nerine Cherepy, Bernhard Adams, Thomas Bifano, Brian Stankus, Adil Akif, Angus Kingon

Proceedings Volume 10763, 107630C (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2320723

KEYWORDS: X-rays, Polymers, Bismuth, Channel projecting optics, Ultraviolet radiation, Modulation transfer functions, X-ray detectors, Data modeling, Capillaries, X-ray imaging, Digital x-ray imaging

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Proceedings Article | 14 March 2018 Presentation

An add-on adaptive optical module for laser scanning microscopy (Conference Presentation)

Ichun Anderson Chen, Wenzhi Sun, Yajie Liang, Daniel Milkie, Thomas Bifano, Na Ji

Proceedings Volume 10502, 105020F (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2292944

KEYWORDS: Adaptive optics, Deformable mirrors, Integrated optics, Microscopy, In vivo imaging, Optical microscopy, Imaging systems, Laser optics, Laser scanners, Aberration correction

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Proceedings Article | 21 February 2017 Presentation + Paper

Extended depth-of-field microscopy with a high-speed deformable mirror

William Shain, Nicholas Vickers, Bennett Goldberg, Thomas Bifano, Jerome Mertz

Proceedings Volume 10073, 100730E (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2271502

KEYWORDS: Microscopes, Microscopy, Optical transfer functions, Cameras, Luminescence, Deformable mirrors, Deconvolution, Brain, Tissues, Air contamination

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Proceedings Article | 21 February 2017 Presentation + Paper

Nonlinear adaptive optics: aberration correction in three photon fluorescence microscopy for mouse brain imaging

David Sinefeld, Hari Paudel, Tianyu Wang, Mengran Wang, Dimitre Ouzounov, Thomas Bifano, Chris Xu

Proceedings Volume 10073, 1007314 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2252686

KEYWORDS: Adaptive optics, Microscopy, Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy, Multiphoton microscopy, Brain imaging, Imaging systems, Spatial light modulators, Nonlinear optics, Neuroimaging, Image resolution, Brain

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SPIE Journal Paper | 2 December 2016 Open Access

Special Section Guest Editorial:Adaptive Optics and Wavefront Control for Biological Systems

Thomas Bifano, Joel Kubby, Sylvain Gigan

JBO, Vol. 21, Issue 12, 121501, (December 2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JBO.21.12.121501

KEYWORDS: Control systems, Wavefronts, Adaptive optics, Geometrical optics, Tissue optics, Biomedical optics, Microelectromechanical systems, Photonics, Microscopy, Medical research

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SPIE Journal Paper | 22 September 2016 Open Access

Widefield fluorescence microscopy with sensor-based conjugate adaptive optics using oblique back illumination

Jiang Li, Thomas Bifano, Jerome Mertz

JBO, Vol. 21, Issue 12, 121504, (September 2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JBO.21.12.121504

KEYWORDS: Adaptive optics, Luminescence, Wavefront sensors, Microscopy, Sensors, Cameras, Wavefronts, Microscopes, Objectives, Signal to noise ratio

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Proceedings Article | 27 April 2016 Presentation

Adaptive optics without guide stars (Conference Presentation)

Jerome Mertz, Jiang Li, Devin Beaulieu, Hari Paudel, Roman Barankov, Thomas Bifano

Proceedings Volume 9717, 97170F (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2218574

KEYWORDS: Adaptive optics, Stars, Microscopy, Sensors, Image sensors, Aberration correction, Wavefront sensors, Optical sensors, Cameras, Statistical analysis

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Proceedings Article | 4 June 2014 Paper

Beam control in multiphoton microscopy using a MEMS spatial light modulator

Thomas Bifano, Hari Paudel

Proceedings Volume 9083, 90830Q (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2048981

KEYWORDS: Spatial light modulators, Microelectromechanical systems, Scattering, Mirrors, Image segmentation, Microscopes, Multiphoton microscopy, Sensors, Skull, Light scattering

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Proceedings Article | 5 March 2013 Paper

Focusing polychromatic light through scattering media

Hari Paudel, Chris Stockbridge, Jerome Mertz, Thomas Bifano

Proceedings Volume 8617, 86170D (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2005350

KEYWORDS: Speckle, Light scattering, Scattering, Scattering media, Spatial light modulators, Cameras, Speckle pattern, Optimization (mathematics), Light sources, Microelectromechanical systems

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Proceedings Article | 21 September 2012 Paper

PICTURE: a sounding rocket experiment for direct imaging of an extrasolar planetary environment

Christopher Mendillo, Brian Hicks, Timothy Cook, Thomas Bifano, David Content, Benjamin Lane, B. Martin Levine, Douglas Rabin, Shanti Rao, Rocco Samuele, Edouard Schmidtlin, Michael Shao, J. Kent Wallace, Supriya Chakrabarti

Proceedings Volume 8442, 84420E (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.926408

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Nulling interferometry, Mirrors, Calibration, Cameras, Space telescopes, National Ignition Facility, Interferometers, Rockets, Ferroelectric materials

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Proceedings Article | 16 February 2012 Paper

Critical considerations of pupil alignment to achieve open-loop control of MEMS deformable mirror in nonlinear laser scanning fluorescence microscopy

Wei Sun, Yang Lu, Jason Stewart, Thomas Bifano, Charles Lin

Proceedings Volume 8253, 82530H (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.909652

KEYWORDS: Wavefront sensors, Microelectromechanical systems, Adaptive optics, Microscopes, Laser scanners, Mirrors, Control systems, Deformable mirrors, Luminescence, Imaging systems

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Proceedings Article | 16 February 2012 Paper

MEMS spatial light modulators for controlled optical transmission through nearly opaque materials

Thomas Bifano, Yang Lu, Christopher Stockbridge, Aaron Berliner, John Moore, Richard Paxman, Santosh Tripathi, Kimani Toussaint

Proceedings Volume 8253, 82530L (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.911384

KEYWORDS: Spatial light modulators, Cameras, Scattering, Microelectromechanical systems, Optimization (mathematics), Opacity, Mirrors, Laser scattering, Scattering media, Transmittance

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Proceedings Article | 15 February 2012 Paper

MEMS deformable mirror actuators with enhanced reliability

S. Cornelissen, T. Bifano, P. Bierden

Proceedings Volume 8253, 825306 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.910742

KEYWORDS: Actuators, Electrodes, Microelectromechanical systems, Reliability, Resistors, Deformable mirrors, Mirrors, Electronics, Image segmentation, Resistance

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Proceedings Article | 14 February 2011 Paper

Ultra-low-power multiplexed electronic driver for high resolution deformable mirror systems

Mark Horenstein, Robert Sumner, Preston Miller, Thomas Bifano, Jason Stewart, Steven Cornelissen

Proceedings Volume 7930, 79300M (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.876404

KEYWORDS: Actuators, Capacitors, Microelectromechanical systems, Mirrors, Transistors, Optical amplifiers, Amplifiers, Deformable mirrors, Field effect transistors, Multiplexing

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Proceedings Article | 14 February 2011 Paper

Adaptive optics two-photon scanning laser fluorescence microscopy

Yaopeng Zhou, Thomas Bifano, Charles Lin

Proceedings Volume 7931, 79310H (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.875596

KEYWORDS: Adaptive optics, Luminescence, Bone, Optical aberrations, Zernike polynomials, Microscopes, Polygon scanners, Microelectromechanical systems, Deformable mirrors, Image resolution

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Proceedings Article | 14 February 2011 Paper

Polymorphic optical zoom with MEMS DMs

Yang Lu, Samuel Hoffman, Christopher Stockbridge, Andrew LeGendre, Jason Stewart, Thomas Bifano

Proceedings Volume 7931, 79310D (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.874207

KEYWORDS: Zoom lenses, Microelectromechanical systems, Monochromatic aberrations, Contrast transfer function, Deformable mirrors, Microscopes, Objectives, Mirrors, Actuators, Prototyping

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Proceedings Article | 28 July 2010 Paper

MEMS deformable mirrors for astronomical adaptive optics

S. Cornelissen, A. Hartzell, J. Stewart, T. Bifano, P. Bierden

Proceedings Volume 7736, 77362D (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857296

KEYWORDS: Actuators, Microelectromechanical systems, Deformable mirrors, Wavefronts, Electronics, Adaptive optics, Mirrors, Astronomical adaptive optics, Astronomy, Gemini Planet Imager

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Proceedings Article | 18 February 2010 Paper

Through-wafer interconnects for high degree of freedom MEMS deformable mirrors

Alioune Diouf, Thomas Bifano, Jason Stewart, Steven Cornelissen, Paul Bierden

Proceedings Volume 7595, 75950N (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.842341

KEYWORDS: Actuators, Gold, Diffractive optical elements, Microelectromechanical systems, Packaging, Silicon, Deformable mirrors, Error analysis, Semiconducting wafers, Silicon carbide

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Proceedings Article | 18 February 2010 Paper

Shaping light: MOEMS deformable mirrors for microscopes and telescopes

Thomas Bifano

Proceedings Volume 7595, 759502 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.848221

KEYWORDS: Adaptive optics, Actuators, Microelectromechanical systems, Telescopes, Mirrors, Deformable mirrors, Space telescopes, Microscopes, Microopto electromechanical systems, Retinal scanning

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Proceedings Article | 18 February 2010 Paper

Open loop control on large stroke MEMS deformable mirrors

Alioune Diouf, Thomas Bifano, Andrew Legendre, Yang Lu, Jason Stewart

Proceedings Volume 7595, 75950D (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.842489

KEYWORDS: Actuators, Mirrors, Calibration, Microelectromechanical systems, Deformable mirrors, Monochromatic aberrations, Wavefronts, Zernike polynomials, Space mirrors, Linear filtering

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 July 2009

4096-element continuous face-sheet MEMS deformable mirror for high-contrast imaging

Steven Cornelissen, Paul Bierden, Thomas Bifano, Charlie Lam Lam

JM3, Vol. 8, Issue 03, 031308, (July 2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.3158067

KEYWORDS: Microelectromechanical systems, Actuators, Deformable mirrors, Mirrors, Surface finishing, Ceramics, Electronics, Optical components, Electrodes, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 12 May 2009 Paper

Deformable MEMS mirrors in secure optical communication system

Leah Ziph-Schatzberg, Thomas Bifano, Steven Cornelissen, Jason Stewart, Zvi Bleier

Proceedings Volume 7318, 73180T (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.818831

KEYWORDS: Modulators, Modulation, Retroreflectors, Mirrors, Microelectromechanical systems, Telecommunications, Sensors, Signal detection, Silicon, Optical communications

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Proceedings Article | 24 February 2009 Paper

Two-photon fluorescence microscopy with differential aberration imaging

Kengyeh Chu, Aymeric Leray, Thomas Bifano, Jerome Mertz

Proceedings Volume 7209, 720903 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.812230

KEYWORDS: Luminescence, Scattering, Mirrors, Laser scattering, Optical transfer functions, Signal attenuation, Tissues, Diffraction, Image filtering, Two photon excitation microscopy

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Proceedings Article | 24 February 2009 Paper

Secure optical communication system utilizing deformable MEMS mirrors

Leah Ziph-Schatzberg, Thomas Bifano, Steven Cornelissen, Jason Stewart, Zvi Bleier

Proceedings Volume 7209, 72090C (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.812145

KEYWORDS: Modulators, Mirrors, Retroreflectors, Modulation, Microelectromechanical systems, Telecommunications, Silicon, Signal detection, Laser communications, Sensors

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 July 2008 Open Access

Fabrication of implantable microshunt using a novel channel sealing technique

Alioune Diouf, Gregory Reimann, Thomas Bifano

JM3, Vol. 7, Issue 03, 030501, (July 2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.2955935

KEYWORDS: Electroplating, Gold, Photoresist materials, Microfluidics, Fabrication, Photoresist processing, Microelectromechanical systems, Eye, Semiconducting wafers, Process control

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Proceedings Article | 30 April 2008 Paper

MEMS deformable mirrors for space and defense applications

T. Bifano, Paul Bierden, Steven Cornelissen

Proceedings Volume 6959, 695914 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.781676

KEYWORDS: Actuators, Mirrors, Microelectromechanical systems, Deformable mirrors, Wavefronts, Defense and security, Silicon, Control systems, Imaging systems, Chemical elements

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