Within the European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP)1 the EUMETRISPEC joint research project was focused on metrological aspects of spectral reference line data2 as presented earlier3. We review EUMETRISPEC’s first funding through the EMRP and the outcome of this metrology effort to support the line data and the atmospheric remote sensing community. We describe current examples from the EMRP project to address present deficiencies of available line data. Key points of this project were the development of an open European hardware infrastructure for traceable spectral reference data and the development of standardized procedures to measure traceable molecular spectral line data. The paper describes the development of a spectroscopy infrastructure based on a Bruker IFS 125 HR high-resolution Fourier- Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, discusses the achieved results on molecular line parameters (e.g. line strengths and pressure broadening coefficients) of the greenhouse gas species CO2 and CO. Here, metrology aims to provide its additional input in terms of improved quality management, detailed uncertainty assessments and ultimately traceable spectral data linked to the SI units wherever tightened data quality objectives and improved data quality are required for certain remote sensing applications. In this paper we show how metrology efforts support this goal by means of spectroscopy infrastructure. An outline of future activities is given promoting the discussion with the remote sensing community and fostering improved links to the metrology community.
European metrology research has seen a tremendous change of focus concerning research impacting specific fields of
applications. The European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP)1 in its different calls on environmental and energy
subjects has revealed many new metrology projects devoted to problems, applications, and stakeholder needs in
atmospheric sensing, pollution management, air quality assessments, and new energy technologies. We present the
current status of development of a European infrastructure for traceable spectral reference data to be used, e.g., in remote
sensing or for new developments of field-employable spectrometric transfer standards. This is demonstrated by means of
standardized measurement approaches we are developing and by new measurement results regarding H2O, CO2, and N2O molecular line parameters, in this paper pressure broadening coefficients. Molecular line data are required to process raw spectra in order to extract column concentrations or local emission rates of specific analytes. Without molecular line data, all instruments were to be calibrated frequently by means of certified reference gas mixtures which were to keep available onboard throughout the instrument’s life time. At present, many instruments use line data from managed line
collections like HITRAN and GEISA. These comprise paramount information on many thousands of lines for many
different molecular species, but, modern remote sensing applications, like CO2 emission monitoring by satellites, tend to significantly tighten data quality objectives and thus require improved data quality that go quite frequently beyond that
of the present database entries. In this presentation, we will show how metrology attempts to benefit this aim.
Markus Sauer, Kyung-Tae Han, Volker Ebert, Ralph Mueller, Andreas Schulz, Stefan Seeger, Juergen Wolfrum, Jutta Arden-Jacob, Gerhard Deltau, Nicolaas Marx, Karl-Heinz Drexhage
New fluorescent dyes with characteristic fluorescence lifetimes have been developed for bioanalytical applications. Based on the concept of 'multiplex dyes', we have designed several rhodamine dyes with nearly identical absorption and emission spectral characteristics but different fluorescence lifetimes. In order to influence the excited state lifetime without changing the spectral characteristics we modified rhodamines with non- conjugated substituents that promote non-radiative transitions. First investigations with covalently coupled biomolecules show the potential of multiplex dyes in DNA sequencing and antigen detection. The biomolecules are identified through the intrinsic fluorescence lifetime of the dye. This principle offers the possibility to make use of different fluorescence lifetimes in each wavelength region. Therefore the number of discernable tags is greatly enhanced. Extending this principle to applications with laser diodes, new rhodamines with functional groups for covalent coupling of analytes have been developed. The new labels exhibit absorption and emission beyond 600 nm and have a high fluorescence quantum efficiency, even in aqueous buffer systems. Time-resolved and intensity measurements of the dyes covalently coupled to a synthetic oligonucleotide are presented. The results obtained in different capillary systems using laser diodes as excitation sources show the potential of these dyes in the red region of the spectrum.
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