Split-ring resonator (SRR), one kind of building block of metamaterials, attracts wide attentions due to the resonance excitation of electric and magnetic dipolar response. The fundamental plasmonic properties and potential applications in novel three dimensional vertical split-ring resonators (VSRRs) are designed and investigated. The resonant properties arose from the electric and magnetic interactions between the VSRR and light are theoretically and experimentally studied. Tuning the configuration of VSRR unit cells is able to generate various novel coupling phenomena in VSRRs, such as plasmon hybridization and Fano resonance. The magnetic resonance plays a key role in plasmon coupling in VSRRs. The VSRR-based refractive-index sensor is demonstrated. Due to the unique structural configuration, the enhanced plasmon fields localized in VSRR gaps can be lifted off from the dielectric substrate, allowing for the increase of sensing volume and enhancing the sensitivity. We perform a VSRR based metasurface for light manipulation in optical communication frequency. By changing the prong heights, the 2π phase modulation can be achieved in VSRR for the design of metasurface which can be used for high areal density integration of metal nanostructures and optoelectronic devices.
Split ring resonator (SRR) has attracted wide attentions since the discovery of negative refraction in 2002. Here, we
designed and fabricated vertical SRR (VSRR) arrays and toroidal metamolecule by using double exposure e-beam
lithography with precise alignment technique, and their resonance behaviors are subsequently studied in optical region.
The fundamental resonance properties of VSRR are studied as well as the plasmon coupling in a VSRR dimer structure
by changing the gap distance between SRRs. In addition, we proposed a three-dimensional toroidal structure composed a
VSRR with a dumbbell structure that supported a toroidal resonance under normal incidence with broadband working
frequency. Such toroidal metamaterial confines effectively the electric as well as magnetic energy paving a way for
promising applications in the field of plasmonics, such as integrated 3D plasmonic metamaterials, plasmonic biosensor
and lasing spaser.
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