We propose a coherent light detection and ranging (LiDAR) with a low probability of intercept (LPI) based on wavelength hopping technology and phase-encoded random modulation technology to achieve long-range detection while reducing exposure risk. A theoretical analysis is constructed for the LPI LiDAR system. The multi-wavelength homodyne detection and distance estimation are achieved by the broadband 90° optical hybrid and the matched filter, respectively. Measurements are conducted under 1064 nm and 1550 nm due to the limitation of available light sources. The experimental results show that when the emission power of the two wavelengths is low, the designed LPI LiDAR can achieve sensorless detection with high distance accuracy at long distances. The used laser warning device cannot alarm the laser emitted by the designed LiDAR with continuous wave regime. The feasibility of the designed LiDAR system to realize silent detection is verified.
Time-frequency synchronization is a basic element in some fields such as deep space exploration and satellite navigation. Its accuracy and precision are closely related to the measurement results of these systems. In high signal-to-noise ratio situation, the accuracy of time-frequency synchronization is affected by the Doppler frequency shift. In this study, we propose an interpolation model that can mitigate the impact of the Doppler frequency shift, which is constructed from the prior information of the system and related to phase difference of the pseudo-random code. A coherent heterodyne ranging system is built, which is phase-modulated by pseudo-random binary code. And interpolation model is experimentally verified. The experimental results show that the ranging deviation is not more than 0.55 mm for static target. For the moving target, the ranging deviation does not exceed 0.40 mm, and the deviation of the velocity measurement is within 0.45 mm/s.
KEYWORDS: Signal detection, Modulation, Transmitters, Automatic control, Optical communications, Photodetectors, Optical coherence, Modulation frequency, Digital signal processing, Signal processing
The optical in-phase and quadrature (IQ) modulator is a crucial component in coherent optical communication transmitter. An automatic bias control technology of optical IQ modulator for optical quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) transmitter based on envelope detection is proposed in this paper. The implementation basis of this method is provided and the feasibility of this method has been demonstrated through experiments. This method applies dither signals to the three direct current (DC) arms of optical IQ modulator in time sharing, and provides envelope detection to the feedback optical-to-electrical signal, and controls the real-time DC bias of the three arms according to the spectrum of the signal that completes envelope detection calculated by Fast Fourier transform (FFT). The described dither signals are all sine single frequency signals and the specific basis refers to the amplitude value of the point corresponding to the frequency of the dither signal on the spectrum. This method has simple judgment basis, and is easy to implement in practice, and does not have high requirements for the feedback photodetectors. The local optimal algorithm can serve this method well. By using this ABC method based on envelope detection, QPSK modulation was completed with an error vector amplitude (EVM) of 8.89%.
In the phase control of multiple beams, when multiple phase shifters reach the boundary at the same time, the traditional method is to reset multiple phase shifters at the same time. However, this approach leads to a significant drop in the combined beam optical power. To address this issue, we propose a new reset method. This method resets the phase shifters that reach the boundary at the same time in sequence. It helps to avoid the problems that cause large phase fluctuations and dramatic decreases in optical power. This paper presents the principle of coherent multibeam beam combining and compares the power fluctuations resulting from two different resetting methods. Theoretical derivations and numerical simulations are employed to analyze the effects. The results demonstrate that the sequential reset method yields smaller power jitter compared to the traditional reset method. Furthermore, the suppression of power jitter becomes more pronounced as the number of beams reaching the boundary simultaneously increases. To validate the feasibility of the sequential reset method, an experimental system is constructed. The experimental results reveal a remarkable 36.78% improvement in power stability when compared to the traditional reset method.
In the field of space optical communication, coherent communication system has the advantages of high sensitivity, compatibility with a variety of modulation formats and strong anti-interference ability compared with intensity modulation direct detection (IM-DD) system. The typical disadvantage of coherent communication system is the complexity of the receiver, which requires carrier recovery. Space optical communication is also developing from point-to-point communication to optical communication network. In this paper, a fast phase locking method based on direct phase control is proposed. After the auxiliary frequency acquisition is completed, the time to recover the carrier is equal to the loop delay. The realization of this method depends on the direct control of the local oscillator carrier phase. Different from the traditional second-order loop method, this method does not need to consider the laser linewidth. This method can greatly save the time of carrier recovery, so it can be used for fast switching of optical network channels and can improve the utilization of optical networks.
This article mainly shows that coherent accumulation of multi-aperture receiver array based on frequency modulation continuous wave (FMCW) coherent lidar has an excellent performance for the weak signal detection of target which is far distance or moving with a high velocity. This method can improve the signal and noise ratio (SNR) and detection range accuracy by multi-aperture receiver array. In addition, the analysis done by simulation shows that phase fluctuation of atmospheric turbulence has a significant influence on the performance of coherent accumulation of multi-aperture receiver array. Stimulation result shows that while μx is equal to - σ2x , the amplitude fluctuation of signal could degrade the quality of coherent accumulation based on multi-aperture receiver array and its existence leads to the worse performance before non-amplitude fluctuation. Phase fluctuation of signal deteriorates the performance of coherent accumulation while its size is big or small.
In an optical phased array (OPA) free space laser communication system, one of the main issues is to control the phase of each beam to acquire fast and stable phase-locking for phase consistency, in which the number of the elements in the array is of vital importance. In this paper, we studied the method on improving the performance of phase-locking about speed and stability of optical phased array with large number of elements. The performance of OPA with different number of emitting elements was analyzed with the simplified stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm for closed-loop phase-locking. And the algorithm showed a poor performance when the elements of the array were in large amounts. An optimal algorithm, the distributed SPGD (DSPGD) algorithm, was proposed to improve the performance of the array, which revealed fast speed and stability in phase-locking of a large number of emitting elements of optical phased array, suggesting the algorithm is effective.
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